0239 -BC- 1st recorded perihelion passage of Halley's Comet.
1135 -
Moses Maimonides was born. Spanish rabbi and philosopher / Nascimento de
Moshé (Moisés) Ben Maimón, médico judeu sefardim, conhecido entre os muçulmanos como Abu Imram Musa ben Maimun Ibn Abdalá, e no ocidente por
Maimónides, na Aljama de Córdoba-Espanha. Médico e filósofo.
1202 - Joachim Van Fiore dies. Italian, founder of Joachimism.
1266 - As Vésperas Sicilianas: o povo de Palermo, capital da Sicília, levanta-se contra Carlos de Anjou, após a cerimónia das Vésperas. A revolta terminará com a coroação do rei de Aragão Pedro III, o Grande, chamado para ocupar o trono.
1282 - Rebels in Sicily successful overthrew French rule under Charles of Anjou. The rebel leaders wrote to
Pope Martin IV for support, but Martin promised to assist Charles in reclaiming control of the island.
1533 - Henry VIII divorces his 1st wife, Catherine of Aragon
1544 - El padre Bartolomé de las Casas es consagrado en Sevilla obispo de la diócesis mexicana de Chiapas.
1559 -
Adam Ries dies (b. 1492). German mathematician.
1615 - Se otorga a Cervantes autorización real para la impresión de la segunda parte de "El Quijote".
1620 - El Papa Paulo V crea la Diócesis Episcopal de Buenos Aires.
1672 - Peter I "the Great" was born. Romanov great tsar of Russia (1682-1725).
1681 - Peeter Snyers “le Saint”, was born (d. 04 May 1752). Flemish painter/engraver.
1707 -
Vauban dies (b. 1633). French architect.
1719 - Sir John Hawkins, author of the first history of music, was born.
1778 - Playwright Voltaire crowned with laurel wreath Id-al-Adha (Islam) .
1783 -
William Hunter dies (b. 23 May 1718). Scotish anatomist, educator, and medical writer whose high standards of teaching and medical practice took obstetrics from the hands of the midwives and established it as an accepted branch of medicine .
1791 - After a proposal by the Académie des sciences (Borda, Lagrange, Laplace, Monge and Condorcet), the French National Assembly finally chose that a metre would be a 1/10 000 000 of the distance between the north pole and the equator.
1793 - Juan Manuel de Rosas was born. Argentine politician.
1811 - Robert Wilhelm von Bunsen was born. Chemist and inventor.
1811 - El Congreso Constituyente de Colombia, presidido por Jorge Tadeo Lozano, aprueba la Constitución de Cundinamarca.
1823 - Se establece en México el sistema republicano de Gobierno.
1828 - François-Louis-David Bocion was born in Lausanne (d. 13 Dec 1890). Swiss painter.
1832 - Stephen Groombridge dies (b. 7 Jan 1755).English merchant and astronomer, who compiled of a star catalog known by his name. A Catalog of Circumpolar Stars, Reduced to January 1, 1810 was published posthumously in 1838, edited by G. Biddell Airy.
1833 - Charles Victor Thirion was born (d. 27 Apr 1878). French artist.
1840 -
Beau Brummell dies destitute and mad, in Caen, France. English celebrity and dandy.
- 1842 - Anesthesia is used for the first time in an operation (Dr. Crawford Long performed the operation and ether was used).
1842 -
Marie Louise Élisabeth Vigée-Lebrun dies (b. 16 Apr 1755). French Neoclassical painter specialized in Portraits. Starting in 1835, she wrote Souvenirs, her autobiography.
1844 -
Paul Verlaine was born (d. 1896). French lyric poet
(Sagesse Bonbeur)
1845 - España firma un tratado con Venezuela, por el que reconoce la independencia y soberanía de este país.
1852 - James Theodore Bent was born (d. 5 May 1897). British explorer and archaeologist who excavated the magnificent Iron Age ruined city named the Great Zimbabwe, an ancient site in SE Africa that inspired the name of the country Zimbabwe (formerly Rhodesia).
1853 -
Vincent van Gogh was born (d. 29 Jul 1890). Dutch Post-Impressionist painter
(Irises) 1855 - Violence disrupts first Kansas election .
1863 - Auguste Bravais dies (b. 23 Aug 1811). French physicist and mineralogist, best remembered for his work on the lattice theory of crystals.
1863 -
Mary Whiton Calkins was born (d. 26 Feb 1930). As an educator and psychologist, she was the first American woman to attain distinction in these fields of study. Calkins studied psychology at Harvard as a "guest," since women could not officially register.
1866 - Peter Philippi was born (d. 1958). German artist.
1868 - Koloman Moser was born (d. 18 Oct 1918). Austrian painter.
1870 - 15th Amendment passes, guarantees right to vote regardless of race.
1873 - Benedict Augustin Morel dies (b. 22 Nov 1809). Austrian-born French psychologist who introduced the term dementia praecox to refer to a mental and emotional deterioration beginning at the time of puberty. The disorder was renamed schizophrenia in 1908 by the Swiss psychologist Eugen Bleuler. He is the author of "Traité des dégenerescences physiques, intellectuelles et morales de l'espèce humaine" (1857).
1875 - Dalmacio Vélez Sarsfield dies. Argentine statesman and author of the Civil Code ( Código Civil).
1876 -
Antoine-Jérôme Balard dies (b. 30 Sept 1802). French chemist who in 1826 discovered the element bromine, determined its properties, and studied some of its compounds. Later he proved the presence of bromine in sea plants and animals .
1879 -
Thomas Couture dies (b. 21 Dec 1818). French painter and teacher.
1880 -
Sean O'Casey was born (d. 1964). Irish dramatist, playwright (Playboy of the Western World) .
1882 - Melanie Klein was born. Austrian-British psycho analysis.
1882 - Ramón Mesonero Romanos dies. Writer.
1885 - Las tropas invasoras guatemaltecas son derrotadas por las salvadoreñas en una batalla librada en los márgenes del río Coco.
1885 - Russian troops inflicted a crushing defeat on Afghan forces Ak Teppe despite orders not to fight.
1886 - Edmund Blampied was born (d. 1966). English painter.
1891 - Arthur William Sidney Herrington was born (d. 6 Sep 1970). American engineer and manufacturer who developed a series of military vehicles, the best known of which was the World War II jeep.
1892 - Stefan Banach was born (d. 31 Aug 1945). Polish mathematician who founded modern functional analysis and helped develop the theory of topological vector spaces.
1895 - British inventor Birt Acres films Oxford-Cambridge .
1900 - El Gobierno argentino decreta la reforma de algunas frases del himno nacional que España podría considerar ofensivas.
1900 -
Ted Heath was born (d. 1969). British musician and band leader.
1911 - Lötschberg tunnel in Switzerland (13,735 meter) completed.
1911 - Ellen Swallow Richards dies (b. 3 Dec 1842). Ellen Henrietta Swallow was an American chemist and founder of the home economics movement in the United States.
1912 -
Karl May dies (b. 1842). German author, novelist.
1913 -
Marc Davis was born (d. 2000). American animator.
1913 -
Richard Helms was born (d. 2002). American Central Intelligence Agency director.
1914 - John Henry Poynting dies (b. 9 Sep 1852).British physicist who introduced a theorem (1884-85) that assigns a value to the rate of flow of electromagnetic energy known as the Poynting vector, introduced in his paper "On the Transfer of Energy in the Electromagnetic Field"(1884).
1916 - El músico Enrique Granados muere a bordo del Sussex, torpedeado por los alemanes.
1916 - Pancho Villa killed 172 at the Guerrero garrison in Mexico.
1922 - Os aviadores portugueses Gago Coutinho e Sacadura Cabral iniciaram a sua Travessia Aérea do Atlântico.
1922 -
Turhan Bey was born. Turkish-Czechoslovakian actor.
1925 - Stalin supported rights of non-Serbian Yugoslavians.
1925 - Rudolf Steiner dies. Austrian philosopher.
1927 - Se publica en Madrid la "Antología poética en honor de Góngora", recopilada por Gerardo Diego.
1929 - Thomas Tuke dies (b. 12 Jun 1858). British painter .
1930 -
Rolf Harris was born. Australian artist, entertainer .
1931 - Aleksey Vasilyevich Sorokin was born. Russian cosmonaut.
1932 - Amelia Earhart is 1st woman to fly solo cross the Atlantic.
1937 -
Warren Beatty was born in Richmond VA - USA. Actor and director (actor: Splendor in the Grass, The Roman Spring of Mrs. Stone, Bonnie and Clyde, McCabe & Mrs. Miller, The Parallax View, Shampoo, Heaven Can Wait, Reds, Dick Tracy, Bulworth, Town and Country; Academy Award-winning director: Reds [1981]; Heaven Can Wait, Dick Tracy, Bulworth; Irving G. Thalberg Memorial [Academy] Award [2000]).
1940 - The Japanese set up a puppet government called Manchuko in Nanking, China.
1940 -
Astrud Gilberto was born. Brazilian singer and composer (Girl From Ipanema).
1940 -
Jerry Lucas was born. American basketball player.
1941 - The U.S. seized Italian, German and Danish ships in 16 ports.
1941 -
Graeme Edge was born in Rochester, Staffordshire. Musician (drums: "The Moody Blues" : Nights in White Satin, LP: Kick Off Your Muddy Boots, Long Distance Voyager).
1944 - Sir Charles Vernon Boys dies (b.15 Mar 1855). English physicist and inventor of sensitive instruments.
1945 -
Eric Clapton was born. Blues guitarist (Yardbirds, Cream, Tears in Heaven) .
1945 - 289 anti-fascists murdered by Nazis in Rombergpark Dortmund .
1945 -
World War II: Soviet Union forces invade Austria and take Vienna.
1945 - A cidade polaca de Danzig foi tomada pelas tropas soviéticas .
1946 - Academy Award radio, an anthology radio show on CBS, debuts on this day.
1947 - Rioting between Hindus and Muslims in
Bombay leave 40 dead and more than 100 wounded.
1948 - Mahatma Gandhi assassinated in New Delhi .
1949 -
Lene Lovich was born in Detroit, Michigan, USA . American-born singer, best known for her work in the early New Wave era .
1949 - Friedrich Bergius dies (b. 11 Oct 1884). German chemist, who invented converting coal dust and hydrogen directly into gasoline and lubricating oils without isolating intermediate products, (Stuttgart, 25 June 1921). For his work in developing the chemical high pressure hydrogenation method necessary for this process he shared the 1931 Nobel Prize for Chemistry with Carl Bosch of Germany.
1950 -
Léon Blum dies (b. 1872). French prime minister.
1950 - the invention of the phototransistor was announced. This was a transistor operated by light rather than electric current, invented by Dr. John Northrup Shive of the Bell Telephone Laboratories at Murray Hill, N.J. .
1953 - Einstein announced his revised unified field theory.
- 1954 - Nascimento de Rosi Campos (Rosângela Martins Campos), atriz brasileira, em Bragança Paulista-SP.
1954 - Fritz Wolfgang London dies (b. 7 Mar 1900). German-American physicist who, with Walter Heitler, devised the first quantum mechanical treatment of the hydrogen molecule, while working with Schrödinger at the University of Zurich.
1955 - 27th Academy Awardst at The RKO Pantages Theater in Los Angeles : "On the Waterfront",(Sam Spiegel, producer) won Oscars for Best Picture, Director (Elia Kazan), Actor (Marlon Brando), Supporting Actress (Eva Marie Saint) and more (art direction, cinematography, film editing, writing). Grace Kelly was voted Best Actress for "The Country Girl" . Best Supporting Actor was Edmond O’Brien for "The Barefoot Contessa" and Best Music/Song Oscars went to Jule Styne (music), Sammy Cahn (lyrics) for "Three Coins in the Fountain" from the flick of the same name.
1958 -
Israeli and
Syrian troops clash over Israeli reclamation work near the Lake Hula area.
1964 -
Tracy Chapman was born. Grammy Award-winning folk, pop singer-songwriter Singer
(Freedom Now, I Got a Fast Car).1964 - Nascimento de
Vera Zimmermmann (Vera Alice Santos Zimmermann), atriz brasileira, em Santos-SP.
1965 -
Philip Showalter Hench dies (b. 28 Feb 1896). American physician who was one of the leaders in American rheumatology. He shared the Nobel Prize for Physiology or Medicine in 1950(with Edward C. Kendall and Tadeus Reichstein of Switzerland) for discoveries relating to the hormones of the adrenal cortex, their structure and biological effects .
1968 - General Ludvik Svoboda was elected president of Czechoslovakia.
1968 -
Donna D'Errico was born. Actress (Baywatch) model, playmate (September 1995) .
1968 -
Céline Dion was in Québec. Canadian singer (I'm Your Woman).
1972 -
Northern Ireland's provincial government and parliament were suspended and Britain imposed direct rule from London for one year.
1973 - Ellsworth Bunker resigned as U.S. ambassador to South Vietnam, and was succeeded by Graham A. Martin.
1975 - Da Nang fell as 100,000 South Vietnamese soldiers surrender after being abandoned by their commanding officers. As the North Vietnamese forces moved toward Saigon, desperate South Vietnamese soldiers mobbed rescue jets. General Vo Nguyen Giap masterminded the North Vietnamese victory.
1976 - España: se emplea el vasco en el Ayuntamiento de San Sebastián, después de 40 años.
1977 -
Trans World Airlines v. Hardison: The Supreme Court decided 7-2 that TWA went far enough in attempting to accommodate Hardison's religious beliefs and that the company was justified in firing him when he refused to comply with his work assignments.
- 1979 - José María Velasco Ibarra dies. Equatorian politic.
1980 - Se constituye en la ciudad de Guernica el Parlamento Vasco.
1981 - President Ronald Reagan is shot in the chest outside a Washington, D.C., hotel by a deranged drifter named John Hinckley Jr.
1984 -
Anna Nalick was born. American singer and songwriter.
1985 -
Harold Peary dies (b. 1908). American actor and singer.
1986 - Una mujer sometida en Londres a fecundación "in vitro", Linda Jacobsen, da a luz quintillizos.
1986 -
James Cagney dies at his Stanfordville NY farm (b. 1899); American Academy Award actor (
Public Enemy, Angels With Dirty Faces, Yankee Doodle Dandy ...).1987 - 59th Academy Awards Cerimony took place at the Dorothy Chandler Pavilion of the Los Angeles Music Center. Chevy Chase, Goldie Hawn and Paul Hogan ("Crocodile Dundee") hosted. : Best Picture "Platoon" (Arnold Kopelson, producer); Best Director: Oliver Stone for "Platoon"; Best Actor : Paul Newman ( for "The Color of Money"); Best Actress: Marlee Matlin for "Children of a Lesser God"; Best Supporting Actor: Michael Caine for "Hannah and Her Sisters"; Best Supporting Actress: Dianne Wiest for "Hannah and Her Sisters" and Best Music/Song: Giorgio Moroder (music), Tom Whitlock (lyrics) for "Take My Breath Away" from "Top Gun". And HBO (Home Box Office) earned its first Oscar as "Down and Out in America" tied for Best Documentary feature.
1992 - Dimite el Gobierno brasileño por denuncias de corrupción del presidente, Fernando Collor.
1992 - 64th Academy Awards. Billy Crystal was host. "The Silence of the Lambs" won five Oscars, including Best Picture, the Best Director Oscar for Jonathan Demme, the Best Actor for Anthony Hopkins and the Best Actress for Jodie Foster. Jack Palance won Best Supporting Actor for playing Curly in "City Slickers" and the Best Supporting Actress Oscar was claimed by Mercedes Ruehl for "The Fisher King".
1992 - Incorporação no Exército das primeiras mulheres.
1992 - Manolis Andronicos dies (b. 23 Oct 1919).Greek archaeologist who discovered ancient royal tombs in northern Greece, possibly belonging to the Macedonian King Philip II, the father of Alexander III the Great.
1993 - In Sarajevo, two Serb militiamen were sentenced to death for war crimes committed in Bosnia.
1993 - Jamaican premier Percival Patterson wins parliamentary election .
1994 - Serbs and Croats signed a cease-fire to end their war in Croatia while Bosnian Muslims and Serbs continued to fight each other.
1995 - Pope John Paul II issued the 11th encyclical of his papacy in which he condemned abortion and euthanasia as crimes that no human laws could legitimize.
1997 - José Rovirosa dies. Mexican film director and producer.
1997 - Steve Elkington wins Golf's Players Championship .
1998 - Armenia: Prime Minister Robert Kocharian won the runoff vote with 59%.
1998 - In Britain the Rolls-Royce company of Vickers PLC was sold to BMW of Germany for $570 million.
1998 - El tenista chileno Marcelo Ríos se ubica primero en la clasificación de la ATP.
1999 - Michel Etcheverry dies (b. 16 Dec 1919). French actor.
1999 -
Gary Morton dies (b. 1924). American film and television producer.
1999 - A jury in Portland, Oregon orders Phillip Morris to pay $81,000,000 to the family of a man who died of lung cancer after smoking Marlboros for four decades.
2001 - David Waters is sentenced for the murders of
Madalyn Murray O'Hair, her son Jon Garth, and her granddaughter Robin O'Hair.
2002 -
Elizabeth Bowes-Lyon dies in her sleep at Royal Lodge, Windsor (b. 1900). Queen Mother of the United Kingdom.
2002 - A suicide bomber, Mohammad Salahat (22), struck in Tel Aviv and 32 people were injured. Israeli troops sealed Arafat in his Ramallah compound. A Hamas suicide bomber killed 15 Israelis at the Matza restaurant in Haifa.
2002 - The Angola government and Unita signed a preliminary cease-fire agreement. The deal carved up the nation’s diamond mines among officials in Luanda and the rebels.
2003 - A law banning cigarette
smoking in all places of employment, including restaurants and bars, went into effect in
New York City.
2003 - In Netanya, Israel, Rami Ghanem (20), a Palestinian suicide bomber, exploded near the London Café and at least 30 people were injured. The Islamic Jihad called the attack "Palestine's gift to the heroic people of Iraq."
2003 - Rudolf Walter Leonhardt dies. German journalist.
Alistair Cooke (b.1908), television host and author, died in NYC at age 95. His books included "Alistair Cooke's America" (1972).
2004 -
Timi Yuro dies (b. 1940). American singer.
2004 -
Alistair Cooke dies (b. 1908). English-born journalist, television host and author. His books included "Alistair Cooke's America" (1972).
2004 - A boat carrying 107 people sank during the crossing from Somalia to Yemen and only four other people, including two crew members, were rescued.
2005 -
O. V. Vijayan dies (b. 1930). Indian author and cartoonist.
2006 - Ugadi: Hindu New Years Day. Many believe that
Brahma started the creation on this day.
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