On this day in History - Mar. 23

• 0752 - Stephen II becomes Pope.
• 1429 - Nascimento de Margarida de Anjou, rainha consorte de Henrique VI de Inglaterra († 1482).
• 1490 - primera publicación impresa de la "Mishna Torah" de Maimónides.
• 1548 - Itagaki Nobukata, dies, a retainer of Takeda Shingen.
• 1555 - Pope Julius III, dies, (b. 1487).
• 1568 - Peace of Longjumeau ends the Second War of Religion in France. Again Catherine de Medici and Charles IX of France make substantial concessions to the Huguenots.
• 1606 - Sto. Toribio de Mogrovejo dies. (Obispo)Patrono del Episcopado Latinoamericano Perú.
• 1651 - Jean-Baptiste Santerre, French painter who died on 21 November 1717.
• 1661- Pieter de Molyn, dies buried. Dutch landscape painter, draftsman, and etcher of Flemish descent, born in London, and baptized there as an infant on 06 April 1595.
• 1699 - John Bartram, was born. American botanist (d. 1777).
• 1708 - James Francis Edward Stuart lands at the Firth of Forth.
• 1743 - A obra Messiah, de Handel, foi tocada pela primeira vez no Convent Garden Theatre .
• 1749 - Pierre Simon de Laplace, was born. Mathematician and astronomer (d. 1827) .
• 1754 - Baron Jurij Vega, was born. Slovene mathematician, physicist and artillery officer (d. 1802) .
• 1769 - William Smith, was born. geologist, cartographer (d. 1839).
• 1775 - American Revolutionary War: Patrick Henry delivers his famous speech - "give me liberty or give me death" in Williamsburg, Virginia.
• 1801 - Tsar Paul I of Russia is struck with a sword, then strangled, and finally trampled to death in his bedroom at St. Michael Palace. (b. 1754).
• 1806 - After traveling through the Louisiana Purchase and reaching the Pacific Ocean, explorers Lewis and Clark and their "Corps of Discovery" begin their arduous journey home.
• 1808 - El mariscal Murat llega a Madrid como general en jefe de las tropas francesas en España.
• 1809 - Hippolyte-Jean Flandrin, French Neoclassical painter and lithographer who died on 21 March 1864; son of amateur painter of portraits Jean-Baptiste-Jacques Flandrin [1773–1838].
• 1814 - Nace Gertrudis Gómez de Avellaneda, poetisa española.
• 1823 - Schuyler Colfax, was born, Vice President of the United States (d. 1885) .
• 1834 - Julius Reubke, was born, composer (d. 1858) .
• 1839 - First recorded use of "OK" as an abbreviation for "oll korrect" in the Boston Morning Post.
• 1842 - Stendhal, (Marie Henri Beyle) dies . French writer, (b. 1783) .
• 1849 - Fallece Andrés Manuel del Río, mineralogista mexicano.
• 1857 - Elisha Otis's first elevator is installed at 488 Broadway, New York City.
• 1857 - Alphonse Osbert, French Symbolist painter who died on 11 August 1939.
• 1858 - Nascimento de Ludwig Quidde, historiador e pacifista alemão, Prémio Nobel da Paz em 1927.
• 1868 - The University of California is founded in Oakland, California when the Organic Act is signed into law.
• 1874 - Henri-Charles Manguin, French Fauvist painter who died on 25 September 1949.
• 1878 - Franz Schreker, was born. Composer (d. 1934) .
• 1879 - Batalla de Topater y ocupación de Calama por parte del Ejército Chileno durante la Guerra del Pacífico, entre Chile, Perú y Bolivia .
• 1881 - Nascimento de Roger Martin du Gard, novelista francês, Prémio Nobel da Literatura em 1937.
• 1882 - Emmy Noether, was born, mathematician (d. 1935) .
• 1887 - Prince Felix Yussupov, was born, assassin of Rasputin (d. 1967) .
• 1887 - Josef Capek, Czech painter, printmaker, illustrator of children's book, and writer, who died in early April 1945 in the Nazis' Bergen-Belsen death camp.
• 1887 - Juan Gris, (José Victoriano Carmelo González Pérez), was born (d. 11 May 1927) . Spanish Cubist painter and sculptor .
• 1889 - Land run: President Benjamin Harrison opens Oklahoma to white settlement starting on April 22.
• 1889 - Free Woolwich Ferry officially opened in east London.
• 1889 - Yukichi Chuganji, was born, oldest man alive on (d. 2003) .
• 1898 - Nace Ricardo Molinari, escritor y académico argentino.
• 1900 - Erich Fromm, was born, psychoanalyst (d. 1980).
• 1903 - Nace el dramaturgo Alejandro Casona.
• 1903 - The Wright Brothers apply for a patent on their invention of the first successful airplane after much hard work.
• 1904 - Joan Crawford, was born, actress (d. 1977) .
• 1905 - Lale Andersen, was born, singer and cabaretist (d. 1972) .
• 1907 - Daniel Bovet, was born, scientist, 1957 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine .
• 1909 - Theodore Roosevelt leaves New York for a post-presidency safari in Africa. The trip is sponsored by the Smithsonian Institution and National Geographic Society.
• 1910 - Akira Kurosawa, was born, film director († 1998).
• 1912 - Wernher von Braun, was born (d. 16 Jun1977). Wernher Magnus Maximilian von Braun was a German-born American engineer who played a prominent role in all aspects of rocketry and space exploration, first in Germany and, after World War II, in the United States .
• 1915 - Vasily Zaitsev, was born, World War II hero (d. 1991) .
• 1918 - Lithuania proclaims independence.
• 1918 - Proclamación de la independencia de Letonia.
• 1919 - In Milan, Italy, Benito Mussolini founds his Fascist political movement.
• 1929 - Sir Roger Bannister, was born, athlete, first "Miracle Mile" .
• 1931 - The Bhagat Singh and Batukeshwar Dutt embrace gallows during the Indian struggle for independence. Their request to be shot by a firing squad is refused.
• 1931 - Bhagat Singh dies, Indian Freedom Fighter (b. 1907) .
• 1931 - Batukeshwar Dutt dies, Indian Freedom Fighter.
• 1933 - The Reichstag passes the Enabling Act, making Adolf Hitler dictator of Germany.
• 1935 - Signing of the Constitution of the Commonwealth of the Philippines .
• 1937 - Nace Robert Gallo, médico estadounidense, codescubridor del virus del SIDA.
• 1937 - Craig Breedlove, was born, former land speed record holder .
• 1940 - The famous Pakistan Resolution (Qarardad-e-Pakistan or the then Qarardad-e-Lahore) is put forward at the Annual General Convention of the All India Muslim League.
• 1942 - World War II: In the Indian Ocean, Japanese forces capture the Anadaman Islands.
• 1942 - Walter Rodney, was born, historian and political figure (d. 1980) .
• 1949 - Ric Ocasek, was born, musician ("The Cars") .
• 1951 - Corinne Clery, was born, French actress.
• 1952 - Kim Stanley Robinson, was born, science fiction author .
• 1952 - Nace Teófilo Stevenson, boxeador cubano ganador de la medalla de oro en Munich 72, Montreal 76 y Moscú 80.
• 1953 - Raoul Dufy, dies (b. 03 Jun 1877). French Fauvist painter, printmaker, and decorative artist.
• 1953 - Chaka Khan, was born, singer.
• 1955 - Morte de Arthur da Silva Bernardes, político brasileiro (n. 1875).
• 1956 - José Manuel Durão Barroso, was born. Portuguese politician, elected president of the European Commission .
• 1956 - Pakistan becomes the first Islamic republic in the world.
• 1960 - Franklin Pierce Adams, dies, American newspaper columnist (b. 1881) .
• 1962 - Início da crise estudantil nas Universidades de Coimbra e de Lisboa, que se prolongará até Maio.
• 1963 - In London, United Kingdom, Grethe & Jørgen Ingmann win the eighth Eurovision Song Contest for Denmark singing "Dansevise" (Dancing tune).
• 1964 - Peter Lorre, dies, actor, (b. 1904).
• 1965 - NASA launches Gemini 3, the United States' first two-man space flight (crew: Gus Grissom and John Young).
• 1965 - La Asamblea Nacional de Honduras declara presidente constitucional a Oswaldo López Arellano.
• 1968 - Damon Albarn, was born. Musician ("Blur") .
• 1970 - Del Lord, dies, pioneer Hollywood director, (b. 1894) .
• 1971 - O presidente argentino Roberto Levingston é deposto em um golpe de estado.
• 1971 - Gail Porter, was born. British television presenter .
• 1972 - Judith Godrèche, was born, actress/author .
• 1973 - Jason Kidd, was born, basketball player .
• 1976 - Keri Russell, was born, actress .
• 1978 - Nicholle Tom, was born, actress.
• 1978 - The first UNIFIL troops arrived in Lebanon for peacekeeping mission along the Blue Line.
• 1979 - Chad Dittman, was bgorn, President and CEO of the Intense Football League .
• 1979 - Orlando Letelier, dies, former Chilean ambassador to the United States, (b. 1932).
• 1979 - Misty Hyman, was born, US swimmer .
• 1981 Golpe de Estado en Bangladesh, que derriba al Gobierno.
• 1982 - El poeta mexicano Octavio Paz recibe el premio Cervantes de Literatura.
• 1983 - Barney Clark, dies, first artificial heart recipient.
• 1983 - Strategic Defense Initiative: President Ronald Reagan makes his initial proposal to develop technology to intercept enemy missiles.
• 1987 - Willy Brandt dimite como presidente del Partido Socialdemócrata Alemán. Le sucede Hans Jochen Vogel.
• 1989 - Stanley Pons and Martin Fleischmann announce cold fusion at the University of Utah.
• 1989 - A 1,000-foot diameter Near-Earth asteroid misses the Earth by 400,000 miles.
• 1990 - Katelyn DePutter, was born, Poker champion .
• 1992 - Muere el economista Friedich von Hayek.
• 1993 - Hans Werner Richter, dies, author (b. 1908) .
• 1993 - Asesinato de Luis Donaldo Colosio, candidato a la presidencia de México .
• 1994 - At an election rally in Tijuana, Mexican presidential candidate Luis Donaldo Colosio is assassinated by Mario Aburto Martínez.
• 1996 - The Republic of China on Taiwan holds its first direct elections and chooses Lee Teng-hui as President.
• 1997 - Cinco muertos en Canadá en otro suicidio colectivo de la secta del Templo Solar.
• 1998 - Na cerimônia dos prêmios Oscar, o filme “Titanic” bate um recorde de consagrações, ganhando 11 Oscars, incluindo os de melhor filme, diretor e trilha sonora.
• 1998 - El presidente de Rusia, Boris Nikolaievich Yeltsin, destituye de manera inesperada al primer ministro, Viktor Chernomirdin, y a todo su gabinete, y abre la carrera por su sucesión al frente del Kremlin.
• 1999- Gunmen assassinate Paraguay's Vice President Luis María Argaña.
• 2001 - The Russian Mir space station is disposed of, breaking up in the atmosphere before falling into the southern Pacific Ocean near Fiji.
• 2001 - A estação orbital russa MIR reentrou na atmosfera e despenhou-se controladamente no Oceano Pacífico .
• 2003 - Fritz Spiegl, dies, journalist, (b. 1926) .
• 2004 - Rupert Hamer, dies, Australian politician (b. 1916).