On this day in History - Aug. 27

• 551 BC Confucius was born (d. 479 BC). Philosopher.
• 479 BC - Greco-Persian Wars: Persian forces led by Mardonius are routed by Pausanias, the Spartan commander of the Greek army in the Battle of Plataea. Along the with the Greek victory on the same day in the Battle of Mycale, the Persian invasion of Greece ended.
• 55 BC - Julius Caesar lands in Britain for the first time.
• 0410 - Visigoth sack of Rome ends after three days.
• 0542 - Saint Caesarius of Arles dies.
• 0827 - Papa Eugénio II dies.
• 1232 - The Formulary of Adjudications is promulgated by Regent Hojo Yasutoki. (Traditional Japanese date: August 10, 1232).
• 1312 - Arthur II, Duke of Brittany dies (b. 1262).
• 1394 - Chokei dies (b. 1343). Emperor of Japan.
• 1407 - Ashikaga Yoshikazu was born (d. 1425). Japanese shogun.
• 1450 - Reginald West, 6th Baron De La Warr dies (b. 1395). English politician.
• 1471 - George, Duke of Saxony was born (d. 1539).
• 1521 - Josquin Des Prez dies. Flemish composer.
• 1545 - Piotr Gamrat dies (b. 1487). Polish Catholic archbishop.
• 1572 - Claude Goudimel dies. French composer.
• 1574 - Bartolomeo Eustachi dies. Italian anatomist.
• 1577 - Titian dies. Italian artist.
• 1590 - Pope Sixtus V dies (b. 1521).
• 1635 - Félix Lope de Vega dies (b. 1562). Spanish poet and playwright.
• 1637 - Charles Calvert, 3rd Baron Baltimore was born (d. 1715). Governor of the Province of Maryland.
• 1664 - Francisco Zurbarán dies (b. 1598). Spanish painter.
• 1665 - John Hervey, 1st Earl of Bristol was born (d. 1751). English politician.
• 1677 - Otto Ferdinand Graf von Abensperg und Traun was born (d. 1748). Austrian field marshal.
• 1689 - The Treaty of Nerchinsk is signed by Russia and the Qing empire.
• 1724 - John Joachim Zubly was born (d. 1781). Swiss-born Continental Congressman.
• 1730 - Johann Georg Hamann was born (d. 1788). German philosopher.
• 1748 - James Thomson dies (b. 1700). Scottish poet.
• 1758 - Morre Maria Bárbara de Bragança (n. 1711). Infanta de Portugal, rainha consorte de Espanha.
• 1770 - Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel was born (d. 1831). German philosopher .
• 1773 - Friedrich Wilhelm von Seydlitz dies (b. 1721). Prussian general.
• 1776 - Battle of Long Island, in present day Brooklyn, New York, British forces under General William Howe defeat Americans under General George Washington
• 1793 - French counter-revolution, port of Toulon revolts and admits the British fleet, which lands troops and seizes the port leading to Siege of Toulon.
• 1798 - United Irishmen and French forces clash with the British army in the Battle of Castlebar, part of the Irish Rebellion of 1798.
• 1809 - Hannibal Hamlin was born (d. 1891). 15 th Vice President of the United States of America (1861-1865)
• 1813 - Napoleon defeats the Austrians, Russians and Prussians at the Battle of Dresden
• 1827 - Morre em Santiago de Chile, Bernardo de Vera y Pintado. Herói da Independencia e autor do Hino Nacional do Chile
• 1828 - The Russians defeat the Turks at Akhaltzikke.
• 1849 - Manuel Acuña was born in Saltillo, state of Coahuila (d. 6 Dec. 1873). Mexican poet.
• 1858 - Giuseppe Peano was born (d. 20 Apr 1932). Italian mathematician.
• 1859 - Petroleum discovered in Titusville, Pennsylvania. World's first successful oil well.
• 1861 - Union forces attack Cape Hatteras, North Carolina.
  
• 1865 - James Henry Breasted was born (d. 1935). American Egyptologist.
• 1865 - Charles G. Dawes was born (d. 1951). 30th Vice President of the United States (1925-29). Nobel Prize laureate in 1925.
• 1870 - Amado Nervo was born (d. 1919). Mexican poet and diplomat.
• 1871 - Theodore Dreiser was born (d. 1945). American author.
• 1871 - William Whiting Boardman dies (b. 1794). American politician.
• 1874 - Carl Bosch was born (d. 1940). German chemist, Nobel Prize laureate in 1931.
• 1875 - Katharine McCormick was born (d. 1967). American women's rights activist.
• 1875 - William Chapman Ralston dies (b. 1826). American banker.
• 1877 - Charles Rolls was born (d. 1910). Co-founder of Rolls-Royce.
  
• 1877 - Ernst Wetter was born (d. 1963). Member of the Swiss Federal Council.
• 1880 - Aurora Fúlgida was born in Bucarest. Actress.
• 1882 - Samuel Goldwy was born. American film magnate (MGM)
• 1883 - Krakatoa, an Indonesian volcano, erupts. It is one of the most violent volcanic events in modern times.
• 1884 - Vincent Auriol was born (d. 1966). French President.
• 1886 - Rebecca Helferich Clarke was born (d. 1979). English composer and violist.
• 1886 - Eric Coates was born (d. 1957). English composer.
• 1890 - Man Ray was born (d. 1976). Photographer and artist.
• 1896 - Anglo-Zanzibar War: the shortest war in world history (9:02 to 9:40) between the United Kingdom and Zanzibar.
• 1898 - Gaspard Fauteux was born (d. 1963). French Canadian parliamentarian.
• 1899 - C.S. Forester was born (d. 1966). British author.
• 1899 - Byron Foulger was born (d. 1970). American actor.
• 1900 - British defeat Boer commandos at Bergendal
• 1904 - Norah Lofts was born (d. 1983). British author.
• 1904 - John Hay Whitney was born (d. 1982). American financier.
• 1906 - Ed Gein was born (d. 1984). American serial killer.
• 1907 - Hy Zaret was born (d. 2007). American lyricist and composer.
• 1908 - Kurt Wegner was born (d. 1985). German artist.
• 1908 - Don Bradman was born (d. 2001). Australian cricketer.
• 1908 - Lyndon B. Johnson was born (d. 1973). 36th President of the United States
• 1909 - Lester Young was born (d. 1959). American musician.
• 1909 - Emil Christian Hansen dies (b. 1842). Danish fermentation physiologist.
• 1911 - Kay Walsh was born (d. 2005). British actress.
• 1911 - Frederico Ressano Garcia was born. Portuguese politician and engineer.
• 1913 - Nina Schenk von Stauffenberg was born (d. 2006). Wife of Claus Schenk von Stauffenberg.
• 1914 - Eugen von Boehm-Bawerk dies (b. 1851). Austrian economist.
• 1915 - Norman F. Ramsey was born. American physicist, Nobel Prize laureate.
• 1916 - Martha Raye was born (d. 1994). American actress.
• 1917 - Peanuts Lowrey was born (d. 1986). American baseball player.
• 1919 - Louis Botha dies. South African soldier and statesman.
• 1920 - Radio Argentina begins regularly scheduled transmissions from the Teatro Coliseo in Buenos Aires, considered the world's first public broadcast station.
• 1921 - Leo Penn was born (d. 1998). American film director.
• 1925 - Darry Cowl was born (d. 2006). French actor.
• 1926 - Kristen Nygaard was born (d. 2002). Norwegian mathematician, computer scientist, and politician.
• 1927 - Jimmy C. Newman was born. American singer.
• 1928 - Kellogg-Briand Pact, outlawing war, signed by sixty nations.
• 1928 - Mangosuthu Buthelezi was born. South African politician.
• 1929 - Ira Levin was born. American author.
• 1929 - Herman Potočnik Noordung dies (b. 1892). Slovenian rocket scientist.
• 1930 - Luis M. Sánchez Cerro becomes President of Peru.
• 1931 - Sri Chinmoy was born. Indian guru.
• 1931 - Joe Cunningham was born. American baseball player.
• 1931 - Frank Harris dies (b. 1856). Irish author and editor.
• 1931 - Francis Marion Smith dies (b. 1846). American borax magnate.
• 1932 - Carlos Freile Larrea becomes President of Ecuador.
• 1932 - Antonia Fraser was born. British author.
• 1934 - Sylvia Telles was born in Rio de Janeiro (d. 17 Dec 1966). Brazilian singer and composer, (Bossa-Nova).
• 1935 - Ernie Broglio was born. American baseball player.
• 1935 - Frank Yablans was born. American film producer.
• 1936 - Joel Kovel was born. American politician.
• 1936 - Philippe Labro was born. Journalist.
• 1937 - The automobile division of Toyoda Automatic Loom Works is spun off into the Toyota Motor Corporation.
• 1937 - Alice Coltrane was born (d. 2007). American jazz musician.
• 1937 - Tommy Sands was born. American actor and singer.
• 1939 - First flight of the Heinkel He 178, the first modern jet aircraft.
• 1940 - Sonny Sharrock was born (d. 1994). American jazz guitarist.
• 1941 - Shah of Iran abdicates throne to his son Reza Pahlawi.
• 1942 - Daryl Dragon was born. American keyboardist (Captain & Tennille).
• 1942 - Brian Peckford was born. Canadian politician.
• 1943 - Tuesday Weld was born. American actress.
• 1944 - Georg von Boeselager dies (b. 1915). German nobleman.
• 1945 - G.W. Bailey was born. American actor.
• 1947 - Barbara Bach was born. American actress.
• 1947 - Harry Reems was born. American actor.
• 1947 - Leopoldo Brígido [Leopoldo Vóssio Brígido dos Santos] dies in Rio de Janeiro (b. in Itapioca, Ceará on 17 Jan 1875). Brazilian poet.
• 1948 - Sgt. Slaughter was born. American professional wrestler.
• 1948 - Pavlos Sidiropoulos was born (d. 1990). Greek musician.
• 1948 - Charles Evans Hughes dies (b. 1862). U.S. Supreme Court justice.
• 1948 - Lorenzo Fernandez dies (b. 4 Nov 1897). Brazilian musician, composer and conductor.
• 1949 - Leaders of Second East Turkestan Republic die in a plane crash.
• 1950 - Cesare Pavese dies (b. 09 Sep 1908). Italian writer.
• 1950 - Charles Fleischer was born. American actor.
• 1951 - Mack Brown was born. University of Texas Head Football Coach.
• 1951 - Buddy Bell was born. American baseball player-manager.
• 1952 - Reparation negotiations between West Germany and Israel end in Luxembourg; West Germany to pay 3 billion Deutschmarks.
• 1952 - Paul "Pee-Wee Herman" Reubens was born. American actor.
• 1953 - Alex Lifeson was born. Canadian guitarist (Rush).
• 1953 - Peter Stormare was born. Swedish-born actor.
• 1954 - John Lloyd was born. British former tennis player.
• 1954 - Derek Warwick was born. British race car driver.
• 1955 - Diana Scarwid was born. American actress.
• 1955 - Robert Richardson was born. American cinematographer.
• 1955 - Laura Fygi was born. Dutch singer.
• 1953 - Peter Stormare was born. Swedish-born actor.
• 1955 - Sandra de Sá was born in Rio de Janeiro. Brazilian popular singer and sambista.
• 1957 - The Constitution of Malaysia came into force.
• 1957 - Bernhard Langer was born. German golfer.
• 1958 - A URSS lança o Sputnik 3, levando a bordo dois cães.
• 1958 - Tom Lanoye was born. Belgian author.
• 1958 - Ernest Lawrence dies (b. 1901). American physicist, Nobel Prize laureate.
• 1959 - Gerhard Berger was born in Wörgl. Austrian F-1 race car driver.
• 1959 - Juan Fernando Cobo was born. Colombian artist
• 1961 - Tom Ford was born. American fashion designer
• 1961 - Yolanda Adams was born. American gospel singer
• 1962 - Mariner 2 launched to Venus.
• 1962 - Adam Oates was born. Canadian ice hockey player
• 1962 - Vic Mignogna was born. American voice actor
• 1963 - Downtown Julie Brown was born. Welsh TV personality and former MTV VJ
• 1963 - Garrett Morgan dies (b. 1877). American inventor.
• 1963 - Allama Mashriqi dies (b. 1888). Pakistani scholar and politician.
• 1963 - W.E.B. DuBois dies (b. 1868). American civil rights activist and scholar.
• 1964 - Gracie Allen dies. American actress and comedienne.
• 1965 - Paulo Silas was born. Brazilian football player.
• 1965 - Wayne James was born. Zimbabwean cricketer
• 1965 - Le Corbusier dies (b. 1887). Swiss architect.
• 1966 - Juhan Parts was born. Prime Minister of Estonia
• 1967 - Brian Epstein dies (b. 1934). English manager of The Beatles
• 1968 - Jorge Cadete was born. Portuguese footballer.
• 1968 - Princess Marina dies (b. 1906). Duchess of Kent.
• 1969 - The first installment of the Otoko wa Tsurai yo (It's Tough Being a Man) movies is released in Japan. Director and screenplay writer Yoji Yamada went on to make 48 installments of the series, which is recognized in the Guinness Book of World Records as the longest running movie series.
• 1969 - Reece Shearsmith was born. British actor and comedian.
• 1969 - Chandra Wilson was born. American actress.
• 1969 - Ivy Compton-Burnett dies (b. 1884). English novelist.
• 1969 - Erika Mann dies (b. 1905). German writer and daughter of Thomas Mann.
• 1969 - Gilberto Amado dies (b. 7 May 1887). Brazilian journalist, politician and poet.
• 1970 - Peter Ebdon was born. English snooker player.
• 1970 - Jim Thome was born. American baseball player
• 1970 - Tony Kanal was born. English-born musician (No Doubt)
• 1970 - Jeff Kenna was born. Irish footballer
• 1971 - Nicarágua flag is adopted
• 1971 - Marlon Ayoví was born. Ecuadorian footballer
• 1971 - Julian Cheung was born. Hong Kong actor and singer
• 1971 - Bennett Cerf dies (b. 1898). American publisher and television personality.
• 1971 - Margaret Bourke-White dies (b. 1906). American photo-journalist.
• 1972 - Mike Smith was born. Canadian actor.
• 1972 - Dalip Singh was born. Indian professional wrestler.
• 1973 - Dietmar Hamann was born. German footballer.
• 1973 - Carlene Begnaud was born. American professional wrestler.
• 1973 - Danny Coyne was born. Welsh footballer.
• 1974 - Jose Vidro was born. Puerto Rican baseball player.
• 1974 - Lupicínio Rodrigues dies (b. 1914). Brazilian popular composer.
• 1975 - Jonny Moseley was born. American skier.
• 1975 - Mark Rudan was born. Australian footballer.
• 1975 - Haile Selassie I dies (b. 1892). Emperor of Ethiopia.
• 1976 - Sarah Chalke was born. Canadian actress.
• 1976 - Steve Taylor was born. British writer.
• 1976 - Milano Collection Akihito Terui was born. Japanese professional wrestler.
• 1976 - Mark Webber was born. Australian race car driver.
• 1976 - Carlos Moya was born. Spanish tennis player .
• 1976 - Mark Webber was born. Australian race car driver.
• 1976 - Mukesh dies (b. 1923). Indian playback singer.
• 1977 - Deco (Anderson Luiz de Sousa) was born. Brazilian-born Portuguese footballer.
• 1978 - Mase was born. American rapper.
• 1979 - An IRA bomb kills Lord Mountbatten and 3 others on holiday in Sligo, Republic of Ireland. Another near Warrenpoint, Northern Ireland kills 18 British soldiers.
• 1979 - Tian Liang was born. Chinese diver.
• 1979 - Sarah Neufeld was born. Canadian musician (Arcade Fire).
• 1979 - Earl Mountbatten dies assassinated (b. 1900). British admiral and statesman.
• 1980 - Douglas Kenney dies (b. 1947). American humorist.
• 1981 - Valery Kharlamov dies (b. 1948). Soviet Union ice hockey player.
• 1983 - Haiti adopts constitution.
• 1983 - Marietta, GA wins 1983 Little League World Series.
  
• 1983 - Wilson Chen was born. Taiwanese actor.
• 1983 - Keith Bailey was born. American footballer.
• 1984 - David Bentley was born. English footballer.
• 1984 - Sulley Muntari was born. Ghanaian footballer.
• 1985 - The Nigerian government is peacefully overthrown by Army Chief of Staff Maj. Gen. Ibrahim Babangida.
• 1985 - Alexandra Nechita was born. Artist.
• 1986 - Mario was born. American R&B singer.
• 1988 - Alexa Vega was born. American actress.
• 1988 - William Sargant dies (b. 1907). British psychiatrist.
• 1990 - The British Broadcasting Corporation launches BBC Radio Five Live at 9am GMT with a mixture of sports, news, and children's programming.
• 1990 - Stevie Ray Vaughan dies in a helicopter crash (b. 3 Oct 1954). American guitarist ( Blues and Jazz).
• 1990 - Afonso Arinos (Afonso Arino de Melo Franco) dies (b. 27 Nov 1905). Brazilian politician, essayst and historian.
• 1991 - The European Community recognizes the independence of the Baltic states: Estonia, Latvia and Lithuania.
• 1991 - Moldova declares independence from the USSR.
• 1993 - The Florida DOT decides to cease producing its distinctive colored U.S. Highway shields so that it can make use of Federal funds for those signs.
• 1993 - The Rainbow Bridge, connecting Tokyo's Shibaura and the island of Odaiba, is completed.
• 1994 - Roberto "Polaco" Goyeneche dies. Argentinian singer (tango).
• 1996 - Dulcina de Morais dies (b. 3 Feb 1908). Brazilian actress.
• 1996 - Greg Morris dies (b. 1933). American actor.
• 1997 - Brandon Tartikoff dies (b. 1949). American television producer.
• 1999 - Michael Johnson bate o record mais antigo do atletismo masculino ao vencer os 400 metros dos Mundiais de Atletismo em Sevilla, com a marca de 43:18 segundos
• 1999 - Paraguai ratifies Protocol of Kyoto.
• 1999 - Hélder Câmara dies (b. 1909). Brazilian Roman Catholic archbishop.
• 2000 - Ostankino Tower in Moscow catches fire, three people are killed.
• 2001 - Abu Ali Mustafa dies assassinated (b. 1938). Leader of Popular Front for the Liberation of Palestine.
• 2001 - Michael Dertouzos dies (b. 1936). Greek internet pioneer, Director of the M.I.T. Laboratory for Computer Science.
• 2002 - Richard Ricci dies (b. 1953). American handyman wrongly suspected of being a kidnapper in the Elizabeth Smart case.
• 2003 - Mars makes closest approach to Earth in nearly 60,000 years, passing approximately 34,646,416 miles (55,758,006 kilometers) from Earth.ar racer.
• 2003 - Pierre Poujade dies (b. 1920). French politician.
• 2004 - Willie Crawford dies (b. 1946). Baseball player.
• 2005 - Seán Purcell dies (b. 1929). Gaelic footballer.
• 2006 - In Moscow, Brazil won for the 6th time, beating France, The World League in Volleyball.
• 2006 - Comair Flight 5191 crashed en route from Blue Grass Airport in Lexington, Kentucky, to Hartsfield-Jackson International Airport in Atlanta, Georgia. Forty-nine of the 50 people aboard the flight were confirmed dead in the hours following the crash.
• 2006 - Hrishikesh Mukherjee dies (b. 1922). Indian film director.2006 - Maria Capovilla dies (b. 1889). Oldest woman alive from 2004-2006.
• 2006 - Jesse Pintado dies (b. 1969). Mexican-born guitarist (Napalm Death).
• 2006 – María Capovilla dies (b. 1889). Oldest living person from 2004–2006.
• 2007 - Emma Penella dies (b. 1930). Spanish actress.
• 2008 - Mark Priestley dies (b. 1970). Australian actor.
  
• Roman Festivals - Volturnalia held in honor of Volturnus.
• RC Saints - Saint Joseph Calasanctius (Pre-1970 Roman Catholic calendar), Saint Monica of Hippo, Rufus and Carpophorus.
• Moldova - Independence Day (from the USSR, 1991).
• Belgium - Wedding of the Giants.