On this day in History - Aug. 4

• 0070 - The destruction of the Second Temple in Jerusalem by the Romans.
• 0946 - Pope Martin III dies
• 1060 - King Henry I of France (1027-60) dies (b. 1008) and Philip I becomes King of France.
• 1113 - Gertrude of Saxony dies (b. 1030)
• 1222 - Richard de Clare, 6th Earl of Hertford was born (d. 1262). English soldier.
• 1265 - Second Barons' War: Battle of Evesham - The army of Prince Edward (future Edward I of England) defeated the forces of rebellious barons led by Simon de Montfort, 6th Earl of Leicester; killing de Montfort and many of his allies. (This is sometimes considered the end of the age of chivalry in England.)
• 1265 - Simon de Montfort dies killed at battle of Evesham (b. 1208). 6th Earl of Leicester.
• 1265 - Hugh le Despencer dies. 1st Baron le Despencer
• 1265 - Henry de Montfort dies (b. 1238).
• 1290 - Duke Leopold I of Austria was born (d. 1326).
• 1306 - Wenceslaus III of Bohemia dies (b. 1289).
• 1338 - Thomas of Brotherton, 1st Earl of Norfolk dies (b. 1300). Son of Edward I of England.
• 1521 - (Giambattista Castagna) Pope Urban VII was born (d. 1590)
• 1526 - Juan Sebastián Elcano dies (b. 1476). Spanish explorer.
• 1578 - Battle of Al Kasr al Kebir - Moroccans defeat Portuguese. King Sebastian of Portugal is defeated and killed in North Africa, leaving his elderly uncle, Cardinal Henry, as his heir. This initiates a succession crisis in Portugal. / Batalha de Alcácer-Quibir: o rei de Marrocos derrota o exército português e o rei Sebastião de Portugal desaparece para nunca mais ser visto. A coroa é herdada pelo seu tio-avô, o Cardeal D. Henrique, abrindo caminho a uma crise dinástica.
• 1578 - Sebastian of Portugal disappeared in battle (b. 1554)
• 1578 - Thomas Stucley dies. English adventurer
• 1598 - William Cecil, 1st Baron Burghley dies (b. 1520). English statesman
• 1604 - François Hédelin, abbé d'Aubignac was born (d. 1676). French writer.
• 1612 - Hugh Broughton dies (b. 1549). English scholar.
• 1639 - Juan Ruiz de Alarcón dies. Mexican dramatist
• 1693 - Date traditionally ascribed to Dom Perignon's invention of Champagne.
• 1699 - D. Maria Sofia Isabel de Neuburgo dies. Queen of Portugal.
• 1701 - Thomas Blackwell was born (d. 1757). Scottish classical scholar.
• 1704 - During the War of the Spanish Succession an Anglo-Dutch force seizes the rock of Gibraltar.
• 1718 - René Lepage de Ste-Claire dies (b. 1656). Lord-founder of the town of Rimouski, in New France.
• 1719 - Johann Gottlob Lehmann was born (d. 1767). German minerologist and geologist.
• 1721 - Granville Leveson-Gower, 1st Marquess of Stafford was born (d. 1803). English politician.
• 1727 - Victor-Maurice dies (b. 1647). Comte de Broglie, French general.
• 1735 - Freedom of the press: New York Weekly Journal writer John Peter Zenger is acquitted of seditious libel against the royal governor of New York, on the basis that what he published was true.
• 1741 - Andrew Hamilton dies. American lawyer
• 1745 - Rodrigo de Sousa Coutinho was born in Chaves. Portuguese noble, Comte of Linhares./ Nascimento, em Chaves, de Rodrigo de Sousa Coutinho (m. 26 Jan 1812) . 1º. conde de Linhares - Portugal
• 1753 - George Washington, then a young Virginia planter, becomes a Master Mason, the highest basic rank in the secret fraternity of Freemasonry.
• 1755 - Nicolas-Jacques Conté was born (d. 1805). French painter, inventor of the modern pencil.
• 1782 - Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart is married to Constanze Weber.
• 1784 - Giovanni Battista Martini dies (b. 1706). Italian musician.
• 1789 - In France members of the National Constituent Assembly take an oath to end feudalism and abandon their privileges.
• 1790 - A newly passed tariff act creates the Revenue Cutter Service (the forerunner of the United States Coast Guard).
• 1792 - Percy Bysshe Shelley was born at Warnham, near Horsham in Sussex (d. 1822). English poet.
• 1792 - John Burgoyne dies (b. 1723). British general.
• 1795 - Timothy Ruggles dies (b. 1711). American-born Tory politician.
• 1805 - William Rowan Hamilton was born (d. 1865). Irish mathematician.
• 1815 - Russell Sage was born (d. 1906). American financier.
• 1821 - Atkinson & Alexander publish the Saturday Evening Post for the first time as a weekly newspaper.
• 1821 - James White was born (d. 1881). Cofunder of the Seventh-day Adventist Church
• 1824 - Battle of Cos fought between Turks and Greeks.
• 1834 - John Venn was born (d. 1923). British mathematician.
• 1839 - Walter Pater, English critic, essayist, and humanist whose advocacy of "art for art's sake" will become a cardinal doctrine of the movement known as Aestheticism, is born in Shadwell, London.
• 1840 - Richard von Krafft-Ebing was born. Sexologist.
• 1841 - Guillermo Enrique Hudson was born in Quilnes, Buenos Aires (d. 18 Aug 1922). Argentinian writer "Allá lejos y hace tiempo", "La tierra purpúrea", "Mansiones verdes".
• 1844 - Jakob Aall dies (b. 1773). Norwegian journalist and statesman.
• 1848 - Vladimir Sukhomlinov was born (d. 1926). Russian general.
• 1849 - Morre Anita Garibaldi [Ana Maria de Jesus Ribeiro] (n. 1821). "A Heroína dos Dois Mundos", companheira de Giuseppe Garibaldi
• 1851 - Un golpe militar encabezado por el general Muñoz derriba en Nicaragua al Presidente Laureano Pineda.
• 1854 - The Hinomaru is established as the official flag to be flown from Japanese ships.
• 1859 Un grupo de soldados secuestra al presidente de Costa Rica Juan Mora Porras, trasladado por mar a Guatemala
• 1859 - Knut Hamsun was born in Lom (d. 1952). Norwegian writer, recipient of the Nobel Prize in literature 1920.
• 1865 - José María Cabral assume a presidência da República Dominicana
• 1867 - Jake Beckley was born (d. 1918). Baseball player.
• 1870 - Sir Harry Lauder was born (d. 1950). Scottish entertainer.
• 1872 - Delfim Guimarães was born in Porto (d. in Amadora on 6 Jul 1933). Portuguese poet and essayst
• 1873 - Indian Wars: While protecting a railroad survey party in Montana, the United States 7th Cavalry, under Lieutenant Colonel George Armstrong Custer, clash for the first time with the Sioux (near the Tongue River; only one man on each side is killed).
• 1873 - Viktor Hartmann dies (b. 1834). Russian painter.
• 1875 - Hans Christian Andersen dies in Copenhagen. Danish writer 1873), The author of 168 fairy tales, Hans Christian Andersen, dies in Copenhagen at 68
• 1875 - Italo Montemezzi was born. Italian composer.
• 1879 - Pope Leo XIII issued the encyclical Aeterni Patris, making Thomism the dominant philosophical viewpoint in Roman Catholicism.
• 1884 - Isoroku Yamamoto. Japanese Admiral during WWII: planned attack on Pearl Harbor; killed when U.S. 13th Air Force shot down his plane Apr 18, 194
• 1884 - Henri Cornet was borm (d. 1941). French cyclist.
• 1886 - First Constitution of Colombia is promulgated.
• 1888 - Syedna Taher Saifuddin was born (d. 1965). Bohra Spiritual Leader.
• 1890 - Dolf Luque was born (d. 1957). Baseball player.
• 1892 - The family of Lizzie Borden is found murdered in their Fall River, Massachusetts home.
• 1894 - Cerca de Elche (Alicante) España, es descubierto el busto conocido como "Dama de Elche".
• 1894 - Nascimento de Carlos Luz (Carlos Coimbra da Luz ), 27º Presidente do Brasil (08 a 11 Nov 1955), em Três Corações-MG, no ano de 1894;
• 1896 - Nace en Buenos Aires José Fioravanti, escultor y autor de los monumentos a Roque Sáenz Peña, Nicolás Avellaneda y Simón Bolívar, entre otros. Su estilo es de un clasicismo moderno, expresivo y sintético. Murió en Buenos Aires en octubre de 1977.
• 1896 - José Domingo Gómez Rojas was born. (d. 29 Set 1920). Chilean writer
• 1899 - Ezra Taft Benson was born (d. 1994). President of The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints
• 1900 - Elizabeth Bowes-Lyon was born (d. 2002). Queen Mother of the United Kingdom / A Rainha Mãe de Inglaterra, Elizabeth Angela Marguerite Bowes-Lyon (1900-2002), nasce em Inglaterra.
• 1900 - Nascimento, em Pergamino, província de Buenos Aires, de Arturo Umberto Illia Francesconi. Presidente da Argentina (1963-1966)
• 1900 - Cândido José Aires de Madureira [Abade de Arcozelo] dies in Porto (b. 1825). Portuguese pedagogue.
• 1900 - Isaac Levitan dies (b. 1860). Russian painter
• 1901 - Louis Armstrong was born in New Orleans (d. 1971). Jazz musician, trumpeter virtuoso, singer and bandleader.
• 1902 - Greenwich foot tunnel under the River Thames opens.
• 1902 - Wild Bill Hallahan was born (d. 1981). Baseball player.
• 1903 - Cardinal Giuseppe Sarto of Venice was elected Pope Pius X.
• 1904 - Witold Gombrowicz was born (d. 1969). Polish novelist and dramatist.
• 1904 - Un grupo de jugadores del Club Maipú deciden formar un club, que sería el Club Independiente de Avellaneda. La acción la toman, disgustados por la separación del equipo del back Marcelo Degiorgi. Posteriormente la fecha oficial de fundación quedaría como el 1 de enero de 1905
• 1905 - Se funda el Club Estudiantes de la Plata. Ganó a fines de la década del 60, el campeonato de la AFA, la Copa Libertadores y la Copa Intercontinental.
• 1906 - Central Railway Station, Sydney opens.
• 1906 - Marie-José Van Sachsen Coburg-Gotha was born (d. 2001). Last Queen of Italy.
• 1906 - Eugen Schuhmacher was born (d. 1973).German zoologist.
• 1908 - Kurt Eichhorn was born (d. 1994). German conductor.
• 1909 - Glenn Cunningham was born. American athlete.
• 1909 - Otto Steiger was born (d. 2005). Swiss writer.
• 1909 - Roberto Burle Marx was born in São Paulo. Brazilian paisagist architect.
• 1910 - William Schuman was born (d. 15 Fev 1992). American Pulitzer Prize-winning composer: Secular Cantata No. 2, A Free Song [1943]; President: Julliard School of Music, Lincoln Center for the Performing Arts.
• 1912 - Aleksandr Danilovich Aleksandrov was born (d. 1999). Russian mathematician, physicist, philosopher and a mountaineer.
• 1912 - Raoul Wallenberg was born Stockholm (d. 17 Jul 1947). Swedish diplomat and humanitarium.
• 1913 - Robert Hayden was born (d. 1980). American poet who was Laureate Consultant in Poetry to the Library of Congress.
• 1914 - World War I: The United Kingdom declares war on Germany and the United States proclaims neutrality.
• 1915 - Warren Avis was born (d. 2007). Founder of Avis car rentals.
• 1919 - É inaugurado em Paris o Museu Rodin, de esculturas.
• 1920 - Helen Thomas was born. American journalist.
• 1921 - The eight Chicago White Sox baseball players involved in the 1919 Black Sox Scandal were banned from the game for life by the baseball commissioner Kenesaw Mountain Landis.
• 1921 - Maurice Richard was born (d. 2000). Canadian hockey player.
• 1923 - Mushtaq Ahmad Yusufi was born. Pakistani satirical and humor writer
• 1923 - Reg Grundy was born. Australian media and television mogul
• 1926 - Julio Alfredo Egea was born. Spanish poet.
• 1927 - Jess Thomas was born (d. 1993). American tenor.
• 1928 - Christian Goethals was born (d. 2003). Belgian racing driver.
• 1929 - Yasser Arafat was born (d. 2004). Chairman of the Palestine Liberation Organization.
• 1929 - Kishore Kumar was born (d. 1987). Indian singer and actor.
• 1930 - Götz Friedrich was born (d. 2000). Opera director.
• 1930 - Grand Ayatollah Ali al-Sistani was born. One of the most senior shia clerics of the 21st century.
• 1930 - Siegfried Wagner dies. German composer.
• 1932 - Hans Jürgen Fröhlich was born. Writer.
• 1932 - Guillermo Mordillo was born. Graphic artist and cartoonist
• 1934 - Muere Marie Curie, investigadora polaca, descubridora del radio y premio Nobel de Física.
• 1936 - Greek General Ioannis Metaxas, leader of the 4th of August Regime, suspends parliament and the Constitution and declares himself dictator.
• 1936 - Assia Djebar was born. Algerian writer and filmmaker, member of the Académie française
• 1937 - David Bedford was born. English musician
• 1938 - Ellen Schrecker was born. American college professor
• 1938 - Pearl White dies (b. 1889). American actress
• 1940 - Timi Yuro was born (d. 2004). American singer.
• 1940 - Abdurrahman Wahid was born. 4th President of Indonesia
• 1942 - David Lange was born (d. 2005). Prime Minister of New Zealand
• 1942 - Cleon Jones was born. American baseball player
• 1943 - Bjørn Wirkola was born. Norwegian ski jumper
• 1944 - Holocaust: A tip from a Dutch informer leads the Gestapo to a sealed-off area in an Amsterdam warehouse where they find Jewish diarist Anne Frank and her family.
• 1944 - Richard Belzer was born. American actor and comedian
• 1944 - Doudou Ndoye‎ was born. Senegalese lawyer and politician
• 1946 - Gabriel Videla is elected President of Chile.
• 1946 - Maureen Starkey was born (d. 1994). Ex-wife of Ringo Starr
• 1947 - The Supreme Court of Japan is established.
• 1947 - Klaus Schulze was born. German composer
• 1948 - Johnny Grubb was born. American baseball player
• 1951 - Barcelona de Guayaquil debuta en la Liga de la Asociación del Fútbol del Guayas (fundada en 1950) ante Río Guayas empatando a 1 gol. Este es el primer partido de Barcelona en una liga profesional.
• 1952 - Moya Brennan was born. Irish singer
• 1952 - Gábor Demszky was born. Hungarian politician
• 1954 - Government of Pakistan approves the National Anthem, written by Hafeez Jullundhry and composed by Ahmed G. Chagla.
• 1955 - Carmem Miranda sofre um ataque do coração. Morreria no dia seguinte.
• 1955 - Billy Bob Thornton was born. American actor and writer
• 1955 - Alberto Gonzales was born. American U.S. Attorney General
• 1956 - Gerry Cooney was born. American boxer
• 1957 - John Wark was born. Scottish footballer
• 1957 - Brooks D. Simpson was born. American historian
• 1957 - Washington Luís Pereira de Sousa dies (b. 1869). President of Brazil
• 1958 - Mary Decker was born. American athlete (slaney, track star)
• 1958 - Kym Karath was born. American actress.
• 1958 - Ethel Anderson dies (b. 1883). Australian poet.
• 1959 - Robbin Crosby was born (d. 2002). American musician (Ratt)
• 1959 - John Gormley was born. Irish politician
• 1960 - Dean Malenko was born. American professional wrestler
• 1960 - José Luis Rodríguez Zapatero was born. Spanish Prime Minister
• 1961 - Barack Obama was born. American politician.
• 1961 - Lauren Tom was born. American actress
• 1962 - Nelson Mandela, lutador contra o Apartheid na República da África do Sul, é preso.
• 1962 - Roger Clemens was born. American baseball player
• 1962 - Paul Reynolds was born. British musician
• 1963 - Gary King was born. British DJ
• 1964 - American civil rights movement: Civil rights workers Michael Schwerner, Andrew Goodman and James Chaney found dead in Mississippi after disappearing on June 21.
• 1964 - Vietnam War: United States destroyers USS Maddox and USS C. Turner Joy are attacked in the Gulf of Tonkin. Air support from the carrier USS Ticonderoga sinks two, possibly three North Vietnamese gunboats.
• 1965 - Fredrik Reinfeldt was born. Swedish politician
• 1965 - Dennis Lehane was born. American crime writer
• 1966 - Kensuke Sasaki was born. Japanese professional wrestler
• 1967 - Mike Marsh was born. American athlete.
• 1967 - Peter Smith dies (b. 1908). English cricketer.
• 1968 - Daniel Dae Kim was born. American actor
• 1968 - Marcus Schenkenberg was born. Swedish model
• 1969 - Vietnam War: At the apartment of French intermediary Jean Sainteny in Paris, US representative Henry Kissinger and North Vietnamese representative Xuan Thuy begin secret peace negotiations. The negotiations will eventually fail.
• 1969 - Troy O'Leary was born. American baseball player
• 1969 - Michael DeLuise was born. American actor
• 1971 - The US launches first satellite into lunar orbit from a manned spacecraft
• 1971 - Jeff Gordon was born. American race car driver
• 1972 - Muere en Buenos Aires la poetisa y prosista Norah Lange, autora, entre otras obras, de "La calle de la tarde", "Antes que mueran", "Personas en la sala" y "Cuadernos de infancia". Estuvo casada con Oliverio Girondo (1891-1967). Nació en Buenos Aires, en el barrio de Villa Mazzini, en 1906.
• 1972 - Stefan Brogren was born. Canadian actor
• 1973 - Xavier Marchand was born. French swimmer
• 1974 - Cristian González was born. Argentine footballer
• 1975 - The Japanese Red Army takes more than 50 hostages at the AIA building housing several embassies in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. The hostages included the U.S. consul and the Swedish charge d'affaires. The gunmen won the release of five imprisoned comrades and flew with them to Libya.
• 1975 - Daniella van Graas was born. Dutch model and actress
• 1976 - Se publica en España un Real Decreto por el que se concede la amnistía a los condenados por actividades políticas que durante el régimen del recién desaparecido general Franco habían sido considerados delictivas.
• 1976 - Roy Herbert Thomson dies (b. 1894). Lord Thomson of Fleet, Canadian publisher.
• 1977 - Edgar Douglas Adrian dies. English physician Nobel Prize in Medicine in 1932.
• 1977 - US President Jimmy Carter signs legislation creating the United States Department of Energy.
• 1977 - Raquel de Queiroz é eleita a primeira mulher para a Academia Brasileira de Letras
• 1977 - Luís Boa Morte was born. Portuguese footballer
• 1977 - Frankie Kazarian was born. American professional wrestler
• 1978 - Kurt Busch was born. American race car driver
• 1981 - Frédérick Bousquet was born. French swimmer
• 1981 - Melvyn Douglas dies (b. 1901). American actor
• 1982 - Carlos Sabat Ercarty dies. Uruguayan poet.
• 1982 - Bruce Goff dies (b. 1904). American Architect.
• 1983 - New York Yankee outfielder Dave Winfield accidentally kills a gull during warmups in the outfield prior to a baseball game in Toronto at Exhibition Stadium and is charged by local police for his "act of cruelty to animals". His manager Billy Martin quipped, "It's the first time he's hit the cutoff man."
• 1983 - Italy elects first socialist prime minister since 1946
• 1983 - Thomas Sankara become President in Upper Volta.
• 1984 - The African republic Upper Volta changes its name to Burkina Faso.
• 1985 - In a day of milestones, Tom Seaver of the Chicago White Sox becomes the 17th pitcher to win 300th career games and Rod Carew of the California Angels becomes the 16th player ever to collect 3000 career hits. Seaver pitches the White Sox to a 4–1 six-hit victory on Phil Rizzuto Day at Yankee Stadium as 54,032 New Yorkers cheer him on, while Carew bloops a single to left off Frank Viola in the 3rd inning of the Angels 6–5 win over the Twins. It marks the only day in which two men reach these two milestones on the same day. Phil Rizzuto was knocked down by 'Huckleberry' the "Holy Cow" during the pregame salute.
• 1985 - Luis Antonio Valencia was born. Ecuadorean footballer.
• 1985 - Ha Seung-Jin was born. Korean basketball player
• 1985 - Mark Milligan was born. Australian footballer
• 1987 - The Federal Communications Commission rescinds the Fairness Doctrine which had required radio and television stations to "fairly" present controversial issues.
1989 - Jessica Mauboy was born. Australian Idol contestant

• 1990 - Muere el industrial italiano Ettore Maserati, creador de la famosa escudería Maserati de Fórmula 1. Con esta marca de automóviles Juan Manuel Fangio ganó su quinto campeonato de Formula 1 en 1957.
• 1991 - The Greek cruise ship Oceanos sinks off the coast of South Africa.
• 1992 - Dylan and Cole Sprouse was born. Italian-born American child actors
• 1992 - Tiffany Evans was born. American singer
• 1992 - Matsumoto Seicho dies (b. 1909). Japanese writer and journalist.
• 1993 - A federal judge sentences LAPD officers Stacey Koon and Laurence Powell to 30 months in prison for violating motorist Rodney King's civil rights.
• 1994 - Cyro dos Anjos dies (b. 1906). Brazilian journalist and writer.
• 1994 - Giovanni Spadolini dies. Italian politician.
• 1995 - Operation Storm begins in Croatia.
• 1996 - Olympic Games in Atalanta, United States.
• 1996 - Geoff Hamilton dies (b. 1936). British gardener and broadcaster.
• 1997 - 185,000 Teamsters union United Parcel Service drivers walk off the job.
• 1997 - Jeanne Calment dies in Arles, France (b. 1875). Oldest documented human being.
• 1998 - Yuri Artyukhin dies (b. 1930). Soviet cosmonaut.
• 1999 - Victor Mature dies (b. 1915). American actor.
• 2000 - UK: Queen Mother celebrates centenary Celebrations take place all over the United Kingdom to mark the 100th birthday of Queen Elizabeth, the Queen Mother.
• 2000 - Leslie Glass dies (b. 1963). American adult film actress.
• 2001 - Lorenzo Music dies (b. 1937). American actor, writer, producer
• 2002 - Soham murders: 10 year old school girls Jessica Chapman and Holly Wells go missing from the town of Soham, Cambridgeshire.
• 2002 - Carmen Silvera dies. British actress.
• 2002 - Gonzalo Sánchez de Lozada is reelected President of Bolivia.
• 2002 - O Paysandu (PA) vence o Cruzeiro e conquista a Copa dos Campeões do Brasil.
• 2002 - Holly Wells & Jessica Chapman die (both born in 1991). Soham murder victims
• 2003 - Portugal decreta estado de calamidade pública devido aos incêndios nas florestas.
• 2003 - Frederick Chapman Robbins dies (b. 1916). American pediatrician and virologist, recipient of the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine.
• 2005 - Prime Minister Paul Martin announces that Michaëlle Jean will be Canada's 27th — and first black — Governor General.
• 2005 - Anatoly Larkin dies (b. 1932). Russian-American physicist.
• 2006 - Dame Silvia Cartwright will step down as the Governor-General of New Zealand and will be replaced by The Honourable Anand Satyanand, who will be sworn in on 23 August.
• Burkina Faso - Anniversary of the Revolution
• Cook Islands - Constitution Day (celebrations begin on the last Friday in July and last up to 2 weeks.)
• El Salvador - Transfiguration Bank Holiday
• Ancient Egypt - Jubilation of the Heart of Re
• Dia do padre (Brasil)