On this day in History - Jul 27

• 1061 - Pope Nicholas II dies (or July 19)
• 1101 - Conrad, King of Germany and Italy (b. 1074)
• 1214 - Battle of Bouvines: In France, Philip II of France defeats John of England.
• 1276 - James I of Aragon dies (b. 1208)
• 1365 - Rudolf IV of Austria dies
• 1451 - Hernán Pérez del Pulgar was born. Spanish soldier and historian
• 1452 - Ludovico Sforza was born (d. 1508). Duke of Milan.
• 1469 - Battle of Edgecote Moor
• 1549 - Jesuit priest Francis Xavier's ship reached Japan.
• 1564 - Ferdinand I, Holy Roman Emperor dies (b. 1503)
• 1663 - The British Parliament passes the second Navigation Act requiring that all goods bound for the American colonies have to be sent in English ships from English ports.
• 1667 - Johann Bernoulli was born (d. 1748). Swiss mathematician
• 1675 - Henri de la Tour d'Auvergne dies (b.1611). Vicomte de Turenne, Marshal of France.
• 1689 - Glorious Revolution: Battle of Killiecrankie ends
• 1694 - A Royal Charter is granted to the Bank of England.
• 1714 - The first important victory of the Russian Navy - the Battle of Gangut.
• 1720 - The second important victory of the Russian Navy - the Battle of Grengam.
• 1733 - Jeremiah Dixon was born (d. 1779). English surveyor and astronomer.
• 1740 - Jeanne Baré was born (d. 1803). French explorer.
• 1752 - Samuel Smith was born (d. 1839). U.S. Senator (1803-1815).
• 1759 - Pierre Louis Maupertuis dies (b. 1698). French mathematician.
• 1768 - Charlotte Corday was born (d. 1793). French aristocrat who killed Jean-Paul Marat
• 1770 - Robert Dinwiddie dies (b. 1693). British colonial governor of Virginia.
• 1773 - Jakob Aall was born (d. 1844). Norwegian journalist and statesman.
• 1777 - Thomas Campbell is born in Glasgow. British poet. After Napoleon sentences the German publisher Johann Palm to death for printing subversive pamphlets, Campbell will give this toast at an authors' dinner: "To Napoleon"--murmurs of protest--"But, gentlemen, he once shot a publisher!"
• 1778 - American Revolution: First Battle of Ushant - British and French fleets fight to a standoff.
• 1781 - Mauro Giuliani was born (b. 1828). Italian composer.
• 1784 - Denis Davydov was born (d. 1839). Russian general and poet.
• 1789 - The first U.S. federal government agency, the Department of Foreign Affairs, is established (later renamed Department of State).
• 1794 - French Revolution: Maximilien Robespierre is arrested after encouraging the execution of more than 17,000 "enemies of the Revolution." (See 9 Thermidor.)
• 1809 - O exército anglo-espanhol, comandado pelo general Wellesley, futuro duque de Wellington, e do general Cuesta, capitão-general da Extremadura espanhola, derrotam o exército francês comandado pelo marechal Victor.
• 1812 - Thomas Clingman was born (d. 1897). American Confederate general.
• 1819 - Duitama is named municipality
• 1824 - Alexandre Dumas fils was born (d. 27 Nov 1895). French author (La Dame aux Camelias)
• 1833 - Thomas George Bonney was born (d. 1923). English geologist.
• 1835 - Giosuè Carducci was born (d. 1907). Italian writer.
• 1837 - Francisco Manuel de Melo was born (d. 19 Apr 1903). Portuguese scientist, writer and noble ( 3º. Conde de Ficalho)
• 1841 - Mikhail Lermontov dies (b. 1814). Russian author.
• 1844 - John Dalton dies (b. 1776). English physicist and chemist
• 1844 - Guilbert de Pixerecourt dies in Nancy. French prolific dramatist.
• 1848 - Loránd Eötvös was born (d. 1919). Hungarian physicist.
• 1853 - Vladimir Korolenko was born (d. 1921). Russian writer.
• 1854 - Estanislao Zeballos was born. Argentinian professor and journalist who was founder of Instituto Geográfico Argentino and of Sociedad Científica Argentina.
• 1857 - José Celso Barbosa was born (d. 1921). Puerto Rican politician.
• 1857 - Augusta Stowe-Gullen was born. Canadian physician and feminist
• 1861 - Cyrus H. Nusbaum, an American Methodist clergyman who penned the hymn,'Would You Live for Jesus, and Be Always Pure and Good?'
• 1861 - Union Gen. George B. McClellan was put in command of the Army of the Potomac.
• 1863 - William Lowndes Yancey dies (b. 1813). American Confederate leader
• 1865 - Welsh settlers arrive in Argentina at Chubut Valley.
• 1866 - The Atlantic Cable is successfully completed, allowing transatlantic telegraph communication for the first time.
• 1866 - Antonio Jose de Almeida was born. 6th President of Portugal / Nascimento de António José de Almeida em Vale da Vinha, Penacova (d. 1929). Presidente da República Portuguesa, eleito em 1919.
• 1867 - Enrique Granados was born (d. 1916). Spanish composer.
• 1870 - Hilaire Belloc was born (d. 16 Jul 1953). French-born English historian, biographer and novelist.
• 1876 - Albertus van Raalte dies (b. 1811). Dutch-American religious leader
• 1877 - Ernő Dohnányi was born (d. 1960). Hungarian composer and conductor.
• 1879 - Jack Laviolette was born. (d. 1960). Canadian ice hockey player.
• 1880 - Second Anglo-Afghan War: Battle of Maiwand - In a pyrrhic victory, Afghan forces lead by Ayub Khan defeated the British Army in battle near Maiwand, Afghanistan.
• 1880 - Donald Crisp was born. Scottish actor (How Green Was My Valley, Pollyana)
• 1880 - Joseph Tinker was born. Baseball Hall of Famer, 1/3 of fame double play combo
• 1881 - Hans Fischer was born (d. 1945). German chemist, Nobel Prize laureate.
• 1882 - Geoffrey de Havilland was born (d. 21 May 1965). British aircraft designer.
• 1883 - Montgomery Blair dies (b. 1813). American politician.
• 1886 - Ernst May was born (d. 1970). German architect.
• 1889 - Vera Karalli was born (d. 1972). Russian ballerina and actress.
• 1890 - Vincent William Van Gogh, com 37 anos, atira em seu próprio peito. Dois dias depois morrerá deixando cerca de 800 pinturas e uma centena de desenhos.
• 1894 - António de Cértima was born in Oiã, Oliveira do Bairro (d. 20 Oct 1983). Portuguese poet, novelist and diplomat.
• 1900 - Charles Vidor was born (d. 4 Jun 1959). Hungarian-born motion-picture director
• 1903 - Nikolai Cherkasov was born (d. 1966). Russian actor.
• 1903 - Michail Stasinopoulos was born (d. 2002). Greek politician.
• 1904 - Isaac Bashevis Singer was born (d. 1991). Writer, recipient of the Nobel Prize in Literature.
• 1905 - Leo Durocher was born (d. 7 Oct 1991). American baseball player and manager
• 1906 - Herbert Jasper was born (d. 1999). Canadian physiologist and neurologist.
• 1908 - Joseph Mitchell was born (d. 1996). American writer.
• 1909 - Hilde Domin was born. German lyric poet and writer.
• 1911 - Rayner Heppenstall was born (d. 1981). British novelist.
• 1913 - Vittorio Sereni was born. Italian poet, author, editor, and translator known for his lyric verse and translations into Italian of works by Pierre Corneille, Guillaume Apollinaire, Paul Valery, Rene Char, Albert Camus, Ezra Pound, and William Carlos Williams.
• 1913 - George L. Street III was born (d. 2000). American Navy Submariner.
• 1914 - Felix Manalo establishes the modern-day Iglesia ni Cristo religion by registering it with the Filipino government.
• 1915 - Mario Del Monaco was born (d. 1982). Italian tenor.
• 1916 - Elizabeth Hardwick was born. American literary critic and novelist.
• 1916 - Keenan Wynn was born (d. 1986). American actor.
• 1917 - Bourvil was born (d. 1970). French actor.
• 1917 - Emil Theodor Kocher dies (b. 1841). Swiss surgeon and biologist, Nobel laureate.
• 1918 - Leonard Rose was born (d. 1984). American cellist.
• 1921 - Researchers at the University of Toronto led by biochemist Frederick Banting announce the discovery of the hormone insulin.
• 1922 - Norman Lear was born. Emmy Award-winning producer : All in the Family [1970-1971, 1971-1972, 1972-1973], Maude, Good Times, Sanford & Son, Powers that Be, The Nancy Walker Show, The Jeffersons, Hot L Baltimore, Fernwood 2-Night
• 1922 - Adolfo Celi was born (d. 1986). Italian actor.
• 1923 - Masutatsu Oyama was born. Japanese Kyokushin founder
• 1924 - 8th Olympic games closes in Paris
• 1924 - Vincent Canby was born (d. 2000I). American film critic.
• 1924 - Ferruccio Busoni dies (b. 1866). Italian pianist and composer.
• 1927 - Gisèle Halimi was born. French feminist.
• 1927 - Sat Mahajan was born. Indian poltician
• 1928 - Tich Freeman becomes only bowler ever to take 200 first-class wickets before end of July.
• 1929 - Jack Higgins was born. British novelist
• 1930 - Shirley Williams was born. British politician
• 1931 - Jerry Van Dyke was born. American actor
• 1931 - Khieu Samphan was born. Cambodian politician
• 1931 - Auguste-Henri Forel dies (b. 1848). Swiss entomologist.
• 1933 - Ted Whitten was born (d. 1995). Australian rules footballer.
• 1933 - Nick Reynolds was born. American folk singer
• 1934 - Hubert Lyautey dies (b. 1854). Frency army general and marshal.
• 1935 - Billy McCullough was born. Northern Irish footballer
• 1936 - J. Robert Hooper was born. American politician
• 1937 - 32nd Davis Cup: USA beats Great Britain in Wimbledon (4-1)
• 1937 - Don Galloway was born. American actor
• 1938 - Isabelle Aubret was born. French singer
• 1938 - Gary Gygax was born. American role-playing game creator
• 1939 - Michael Longley was born. Northern Irish poet
• 1939 - Manuel Vásquez Montálban was born (d. 18 Oct 2003). Spanish writer and journalist.
• 1940 - A Wild Hare is released, introducing Bugs Bunny
• 1940 - Pina Bausch was born. German dancer, choreographer and ballet director.
• 1941 - Japanese troops occupy French Indo-China.
• 1941 - Day of Anti-Fascist uprising of people of Bosnia and Herzegowina.
• 1941 - Alfred Henry O'Keeffe dies (b. 1858). New Zealand artist.
• 1942 - Dennis Ralston was born. American tennis player
• 1942 - John Pleshette was born. American actor
• 1942 - Édith Butler was born. Canadian singer and songwriter
• 1944 - Tony Capstick was born (d. 2003). English comedian.
• 1944 - Jean-Marie Leblanc was born. French cyclist
• 1944 - Bobby Gentry, American singer and songwriter
• 1946 - Rade Šerbedžija was born. Croatian-born Serbian actor
• 1946 - Gertrude Stein dies (b. 1874). American writer and cult figure.
• 1946 - Susan Glaspell dies in the town of Provincetown (b. 1876). American novelist and Pulitzer prize winning playwright.
• 1947 - The World Water Ski Organization was founded in Geneva, Switzerland.
• 1948 - Betty Thomas was born. American actor and film director.
• 1948 - Peggy Fleming was born. American figure skater.
• 1948 - Woolf Barnato dies (b. 1898). British racing driver.
• 1949 - Initial flight of the de Havilland Comet, the first jet-powered airliner.
• 1949 - Maureen McGovern was born. American singer and actress.
• 1952 - Hannu-Pekka Hänninen was born. Finnish sports commentator.
• 1952 - Roxanne Hart was born in Trenton, New Jersey. American actress.
• 1953 - Korean War ends: The United States, People's Republic of China, North Korea, and South Korea sign an armistice agreement at Panmunjom, ending three years of fighting
• 1953 - Yahoo Serious was born. Australian comedian.
• 1953 - Félix de Souza Araújo dies (b. 1922). Brazilian poet and politician.
• 1954 - G.S. Bali was born. Indian politician
• 1954 - Philippe Alliot was born. French racecar driver
• 1954 - Peter L. Allen was born. Actor and musician
• 1955 - The Allied occupation of Austria stemming from World War II, ends (started on May 9, 1945).
• 1955 - Allan Border was born. Australian cricketer
• 1957 - Bill Engvall was born. American comedian
• 1957 - Matt Osborne was born. American professional wrestler
• 1958 - Christopher Dean was born. English figure skater
• 1958 - Claire Chennault dies (b. 1893). French World War II pilot
• 1959 - Hugh Green was born. American football player
• 1959 - Joe DeSa was born (d. 1986). American baseball player
• 1960 - Tron Guy was born. American internet celebrity
• 1960 - Hans Albers dies (b. 1891). German actor and singer.
• 1962 - Karl Mueller was born (d. 2005). American bassist (Soul Asylum)
• 1962 - Richard Aldington dies (b. 1892). English poet.
• 1964 - Vietnam War: 5,000 more American military advisers are sent to South Vietnam bringing the total number of United States forces in Vietnam to 21,000.
• 1964 - Rex Brown was born. American bassist (Pantera)
• 1965 - José Luis Félix Chilavert was born. Paraguayan football player (goalkeeper)
• 1967 - Juliana Hatfield was born. American musician
• 1967 - Kellie Waymire was born (d. 2003). American actress.
• 1968 - Pink Floyd releases the album A Saucerful of Secrets in the USA.
• 1968 - Jorge Salinas was born. Mexican actor.
• 1968 - Cliff Curtis was born. New Zealand actor
• 1968 - Michael Campbell was born. American artist
• 1968 - Tom Goodwin was born. American baseball player
• 1968 - Julian McMahon was born. Australian actor
• 1968 - Ricardo Rosset was born. Brazilian Formula One driver
• 1968 - Babe Adams dies (b. 1882). Baseball player.
• 1969 - Triple H was born. American professional wrestler
• 1969 - Jonty Rhodes was born. South African cricketer
• 1969 - Maria Grazia Cucinotta was born. Italian actress (The World Is Not Enough, Maria Maddalena, Picking Up the Pieces, Just One Night )
• 1970 - Nikolaj Coster Waldau was born. Danish actor
• 1970 - António de Oliveira Salazar dies (n. 1889). Portuguese dictator.
• 1971 - Charlie Tully dies (b. 1924). Northern Irish footballer.
• 1972 - Jill Arrington was born. American sports reporter
• 1972 - Takako Fuji was born. Japanese actress
• 1973 - Abe Cunningham was born. American musician (Deftones)
• 1973 - Natsuki Takaya was born. Japanese manga artist
• 1974 - Watergate Scandal: The House of Representatives Judiciary Committee votes 27 to 11 to recommend the first article of impeachment against President Richard Nixon: obstruction of justice.
• 1974 - Eason Chan was born. Hong Kong singer
• 1974 - Pete Yorn was born. American musician
• 1975 - Fred Mascherino was born. American musician (Taking Back Sunday)
• 1975 - Alex Rodriguez was born. American baseball player
• 1975 - Alessandro Pistone was born. Italian footballer
• 1975 - Shea Hillenbrand was born. American baseball player
• 1976 - Former Japanese prime minister Kakuei Tanaka is arrested on suspicion of violating foreign exchange and foreign trade laws in connection with the Lockheed scandal.
• 1976 - Scott Mason was born (d. 2005). Australian cricketer.
• 1977 - Ipatiev House at Ekaterinburg, Russia is destroyed.
• 1977 - Jonathan Rhys-Meyers was born. Irish actor
• 1978 - Portuguese President Ramalho Eanes fires premier Mário Soares
• 1979 - Shannon Moore was born. American professional wrestler
• 1979 - Jorge Arce was born. Mexican boxer
• 1980 - Julia Haworth was born. English actress
• 1980 - Nick Nemeth was born. American professional wrestler
• 1980 - Allan Davis was born. Australian cyclist
• 1980 - Mohammed Reza Pahlavi dies (b. 1919). Shah of Iran
• 1981 - British television: On Coronation Street, Ken Barlow marries Deirdre Langton, which proves to be a national event, with massive viewer numbers earned for the show.
• 1981 - Susan King Borchardt was born. American basketball player
• 1981 - William Wyler dies (b. 1902). French-born film director
• 1982 - Seychelles coup leader guilty of hijack : Mercenary leader Colonel 'Mad Mike' Hoare is found guilty of hijacking a plane to escape from a failed coup in the Seychelles.
• 1984 - James Mason dies (b. 1909). English actor.
• 1984 - George Gallup dies (b. 18 Nov 1901). American public opinion statistician, pioneer in the field of public opinion polling (Gallup poll).
• 1985 - Olara Okello takes place as President of Uganda after staged a coup d'état against Milton Obote's government. See list of Presidents of Uganda.
• 1985 - Benedita Pereira was born. Portuguese actress.
• 1985 - Lou Taylor Pucci was born. American actor.
• 1986 - Greg Lemond is 1st American to win Tour de France.
• 1986 - Courtney Kupets was born. American gymnast.
• 1987 - Travis Jackson dies (b. 1903). Baseball player.
• 1988 - Uma nova Constituição é aprovada no Brasil com grandes inovações.
• 1988 - Frank Zamboni dies (b. 1901). American inventor.
• 1989 - Charlotte Arnold was born. Canadian actress.
• 1990 - The Supreme Soviet of the Belarusian Soviet Republic declares independence of Belarus from the Soviet Union. Until 1996 the day was celebrated as the Independence Day of Belarus. After a referendum held that year the celebration of Independence day was transferred to June 3.
• 1990 - The Jamaat al Muslimeen stage a coup d'état attempt in Trinidad and Tobago, occupying Parliament and the studios of Trinidad and Tobago Television, holding Prime Minister A. N. R. Robinson and most of his Cabinet, as well as the staff at the television station hostage for 6 days.
• 1990 - The last Citroën 2CV rolled off the production line at Mangualde, Portugal.
• 1990 - Cheyenne Kimball was born. American musician
• 1990 - Indiana Evans was born. Australian actress
• 1990 - Nick Hogan was born. American television personality
• 1990 - Bobby Day dies (b. 1928). American singer
• 1990 - Rosa Chacel dies (b. 1898). Spanish writer.
• 1991 - Portugal wins the World Championship in Roller Hokey
• 1991 - Bryan Adams’ (Everything I Do) I Do It For You hit #1 on the Billboard Hot 100. It topped the pop chart for 7 straight weeks.
• 1992 - Max Dupain dies (b. 1911). Australian photographer.
• 1993 - Cuban Javier Sotomayor jumps world record 2.45 m high
• 1993 - Luis de Sttau Monteiro dies. Portuguese writer and dramatist (Portuguese titles: "Angústia para o Jantar"; "Felizmente há luar")
• 1993 - Reggie Lewis dies (b. 1965). American basketball player.
• 1995 - In Washington, DC, the Korean War Veterans Memorial is dedicated.
• 1995 - Miklós Rózsa dies (b. 1907). Hungarian-born composer.
• 1996 - Centennial Olympic Park bombing: In Atlanta, Georgia, a pipe bomb explodes at Centennial Olympic Park during the 1996 Summer Olympics, killing one and injuring 111.
• 1996 - In Atlanta, Georgia, Canadian sprinter Donovan Bailey set the 100m world record of 9.84s +0.7 m/s wind during the 1996 Summer Olympics.
• 1997 - Si Zerrouk massacre in Algeria; about 50 people killed.
• 1997 - Jan Ullrich, 23 year old is the first German to win the Tour de France.
• 1998 - Vasco Rafael dies. Portuguese singer (fadist).
• 1999 - 21 die in a canyoning disaster near Interlaken, Switzerland.
• 1999 - Aleksandr Danilovich Aleksandrov dies (b. 1912). Russian mathematician, physicist, philosopher, and mountaineer.
• 1999 - Sweets Edison dies (b. 1915). American jazz trumpet player.
• 2000 - Gordon Solie dies (b. 1929). American wrestling commentator.
• 2001 - A judge in West Palm Beach, Fla., sentenced 14-year-old Nathaniel Brazill to 28 years in prison for fatally shooting teacher Barry Grunow.
• 2001 - Leon Wilkeson dies. American guitarist (Lynyrd Skynyrd)
• 2002 - Ukraine airshow disaster: A Sukhoi Su-27 fighter crashes during an air show at Lviv, Ukraine killing 85 and injuring more than 100 others, the largest air show disaster in history.
• 2003 - Vance Hartke dies. American politician, Senator from Indiana.
• 2003 - Bob Hope dies (b. 1903). English-born entertainer.
• 2004 - Jürgen Klinsmann is announced as the new manager of the German National team in football.
• 2005 - STS-114: NASA grounds the Space shuttle, pending an investigation of the external tank's continued foam-shedding problem. During ascent, the external tank of the Space Shuttle Discovery sheds a piece of foam slightly smaller than the piece that caused the Space Shuttle Columbia disaster; this foam does not strike the spacecraft.
• 2005 - Marten Toonder dies (b. 1912). Dutch comic writer.
• 2006 - The Federal Republic of Germany is deemed guilty in the loss of Bashkirian 2937 and DHL Flight 611, because it is illegal to outsource flight surveillance.
• 2006 - Maryann Mahaffey dies (b. 1925). American politician.
• Cuba- Revolution Day, 2nd Day
• Maldives - Independence Day, 2nd Day
• Vietnam - Memorial Day for War Martyrs
• Ancient Latvia - Septinu Guletaju Diena held