On this day in History - Jun 20

• 0451- The Battle of Chalons, Flavius Aetius' victory over Attila the Hun.
• 0451 - Theodorid dies. King of the Visigoths
• 0840 - Louis the Pious dies (b. 0778). King of the Franks, Emperor of the Holy Roman Empire
• 1214 - University of Oxford receives its charter.
• 1483 - Execução do Duque de Bragança após ser julgado em Évora (Portugal)
• 1561 - Sigismund was born (d. 1632). King of Sweden and the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth
• 1597 - Willem Barentsz dies. Navigator.
• 1615 - Salvator Rosa was born (d. 15 Mar 1673). Italian painter, draftsman, etcher, poet, and actor, specialized in Landscapes. [Self-portrait (1641), River Landscape with Apollo and the Cumean Sibyl (1655)],
• 1631 - The sack of Baltimore: the Irish village of Baltimore was attacked by Algerian pirates.
• 1634 - Charles Emmanuel II of Savoy was born (d. 1675).
• 1667 - Início do pontificado do Papa Clemente IX
• 1685 - Monmouth Rebellion: The Duke of Monmouth declared himself King of England at Bridgwater.
• 1756 - British soldiers were thrown into the cell known as the Black Hole of Calcutta.
• 1756 - Joseph Martin Kraus was born. Composer.
• 1763 - Wolfe Tone was born. Irish patriot.
• 1771 - Thomas Douglas, 5th Earl of Selkirk was born (d. 1820). Philanthropist, entrepreneur.
• 1782 - The U.S. Congress adopts the Great Seal of the United States.
• 1787 - Karl Friedrich Abel dies. German composer
• 1789 - Deputies of the French Third Estate took the Tennis Court Oath
• 1791 - The Flight to Varennes began.
• 1797 - Sophie (Frémiet) Rude was born (d. 1867). French artist.
• 1808 - Samson Raphael Hirsch was born (d. 1888). Rabbi.
• 1819 - Jacques Offenbach was born (d. 1880). Composer.
• 1819 - The US vessel Savannah arrives at Liverpool. She is the first steam-propelled vessel to cross the Atlantic, most of the journey was made under sail.
• 1820 - Manuel Belgrano dies. Argentine lawyer and politician.
• 1833 - Léon-Joseph-Florentin Bonnat, was born (d. 8 Sep 1922). French painter, collector, and teacher.
• 1836 - Emmanuel Joseph Sièyes dies. Revolutionary.
• 1837 - William IV of the United Kingdom dies
• 1837 - Princess Victoria became Queen Victoria of England on this day, following the death of her uncle, King William IV.
• 1840 - Samuel F.B. Morse received a patent for telegraphy signals (U.S. No. 1,647).
• 1842 - Anselmo de Andrade was born. Portuguese politician and economist.
• 1860 - Juan Llimona was born (d. 1926). Spanish painter.
• 1861 - Frederick Gowland Hopkins was born.British biochemist, who received (with Christiaan Eijkman) the 1929 Nobel Prize for Physiology or Medicine for discovery of essential nutrient factors, now known as vitamins, needed in animal diets to maintain health
• 1862 - Barbu Catargiu is assassinated.
• 1863 - West Virginia is admitted as the 35th U.S. state.
• 1863 - The National Bank of Philadelphia, PA received a charter from the U.S. Congress. It was the first bank to receive one.
• 1866 - Bernhard Riemann dies (b. 1826). Mathematician.
• 1874 - António Joaquim da Costa Carvalho dies (b. 19 May 1800). Portuguese noble (Barão de S. Lourenço).
• 1875 - Sebastian Wilhelm Valentin Bauer dies (b. 23 Dec 1822). German pioneer inventor and builder of submarines.
• 1877 - Alexander Graham Bell installs world's first commercial telephone service in Hamilton Ontario.
• 1887 - Kurt Schwitters was born († 8 Jan 1948). German Dadaist painter, sculptor, designer, and writer, founder of the Merz Dadaist movement. Rainbow Santa Claus
• 1891 - John Costello was born. Irosh politician.
• 1893 - Lizzie Borden is found innocent of murdering her stepmother and father.
• 1894 - Lloyd Augustus Hall was born. Chemist.
• 1899 - Jean Moulin was born. Leader of the French Resistance in WW II.
• 1900 - China : Contando com o apoio do governo imperial chinês e liderado pela imperatriz Tzu'u Hzi, mais de 100,000 Boxers (jovens chineses) sitiam os estrangeiros de Pequim e queimam as igrejas cristãs da cidade. O embaixador alemão é uma das vítimas.
• 1901 - Queen Victoria of the United Kingdom dies.
• 1905 - Lillian Hellman was born in New Orleans (d. 1984). American playwright, dramatist.
• 1908 - Federico Chueca dies. Musician.
• 1908 - Nikolai Rimsky-Korsakov dies. Russian composer.
• 1909 - Errol Flynn was born (d. 14 Oct 1959). Actor (Captain Blood, In the Wake of the Bounty, The Charge of the Light Brigade, The Adventures of Robin Hood, Too Much Too Soon)
• 1910 - Fanny Brice (Bannie Borach), debuted in the New York production of the Ziegfeld Follies (b. 29 Oct 1891, d. 29 May 1951).
• 1912 - Anthony Buckeridge was born (d. 2004) . Author.
• 1917 - António Feijó dies (b. 1859). Portuguese poet / Morre em Estocolmo o poeta português António (Joaquim de Castro) Feijó (n. 1859 em Ponte de Lima). Ver link sobre lançamento do livro «Poesias Dispersas e Inéditas»
• 1919 - 150 die at the Teatro Yaguez fire, Mayagüez, Puerto Rico.
• 1919 - É assinado o Tratado de Versalhes que põe fim a Primeira Guerra Mundial e impõe à Alemanha severas penalidades.
• 1921 - Matilde Rosa Lopes de Araújo was born. Portuguese writer.
• 1923 - Pancho Villa dies (b. 5 Jun 1878). Mexican revolucionary leader.
• 1924 - Chet Atkins was born. Country guitar player.
• 1924 - Audie Murphy was born. Actor.
• 1928 - Jean-Marie le Pen was born. French politician.
• 1931 - Olympia Dukakis was born. Academy Award-winning actress: Moonstruck [1987]; Steel Magnolias, Working Girl, The Cemetery Club, Death Wish, Look Who’s Talking; cousin of U.S. presidential nominee, Michael Dukakis
• 1931 - Martin Landau was born. Actor. Academy Award-winning supporting actor: Ed Wood [1994]; Mission Impossible, Crimes and Misdemeanors, Tucker: The Man and His Dreams, By Dawn’s Early Light, Mistress, North by Northwest, Pork Chop Hil
• 1936 - Danny Aiello was born. Actor
• 1937 - Donald Sullivan was born. Priest
• 1939 - Benny Goodman's Song School ends its radio series.
• 1940 - Eugen Drewermann was born. Theologian
• 1940 - John Mahoney was born. Actor
• 1941 - Ulf Merbold was born. Physicist and astronaut
• 1941 - Ilse Ritter was born. Actress
• 1942 - Brian Wilson was born. Bass player and singer for The Beach Boys
• 1944 - Cheryl Holdridge was born. Actress and Mouseketeer
• 1945 - Shekhar Mehta was born. Racer, winner of the Safari Rally
• 1945 - Anne Murray was born. Grammy Award-winning singer: Love Song [1974], You Needed Me [1978], Could I Have This Dance [1980], A Little Good News [1983]; Danny’s Song, Snowbird, You Won’t See Me, He Thinks I Still Care, Shadows In the Moonlight; TV: Glen Campbell Goodtime Hour
• 1945 - Bruno Frank dies. Author
• 1946 - Bob Vila was born. Handyman
• 1946 - Xanana Gusmão was born. East Timor revolutionary leader. Politician. The charismatic former rebel won East Timor's first presidential election, held in April 2002
• 1947 - Dolores "LaLa" Brooks was born. Singer, member of the Crystals
• 1947 - Bugsy Siegel dies assassinated. Gangster
• 1948 - Toast of the Town, later The Ed Sullivan Show, debuts.
• 1949 - Lionel Richie, was born. Musician: tenor sax, songwriter, singer: group: Commodores: ASCAP Nashville Country Songwriter Award: Three Times a Lady [1978]; solo: Truly, All Night Long [All Night], Hello, Say You Say Me
• 1951 - Tress MacNeille was born. Voice actress (The Simpsons, Animaniacs, Rugrats)
• 1952 - John Goodman was born. Actor 1952 - John Goodmanactor: Roseanne, The Flintstones, The Babe, King Ralph, Born Yesterday, Matinee, Raising Arizona, The Big Lebowski, Blues Brothers 2000, What Planet Are You From?, O Brother, Where Art Thou?
• 1953 - Cyndi Lauper was born. Singer.
• 1954 - Michael Anthony was born. Musician, Van Halen
• 1956 - A Venezuelan Super-Constellation crashed in Atlantic Ocean off Ashbury Park, New Jersey killing 74 people.
• 1957 - Se inaugura en Rosario (provincia de Santa Fe) el notable Monumento a la Bandera.
• 1958 - Kurt Alder dies (b. 10 Jul 1902). German chemist, 1950 Nobel Prize laureate (with Otto Diels) for their development of the Diels-Alder reaction (1928), or diene synthesis, a widely used method of synthesizing cyclic organic compounds.
• 1960 - 12nd Emmy Awards: Playhouse 90, Robert Stack and Jane Wyatt
• 1960 - Independence of Mali and Senegal.
• 1960 - John Taylor, was born. Musician, Duran Duran
• 1963 - "Hotline" established between Soviet Union and United States.
• 1963 - Pulido Valente dies. Portuguese professor and physicist.
• 1964 - Se crea la Federación Colombiana de Fútbol. Como se mantiene la Asociación Colombiana de Fútbol, existen en este país dos entidades paralelas en la organización del fútbol.
• 1964 - Michael Landon Jr. was born. Actor ( Bonanza).
• 1966 - Canada sells 336 million bushels of wheat to Soviet Union.
• 1967 - Nicole Kidman was born. Actress .
• 1967 - Muhammad Ali was convicted of violating Selective Service laws by refusing to be drafted.
• 1969 - Guitarist Jimi Hendrix earned the biggest paycheck ever paid (to that time) for a single concert appearance. Hendrix was paid $125,000 to appear for a single set at the Newport Jazz Festival.
• 1969 - Georges Pompidou sworn in as president of France and Jacques Chaban-Delmas becomes Prime Minister.
• 1969 - Paulo Bento was born. Portuguese footballer and current trainer of Sporting.
• 1970 - Prince Moulay Rachid was born. Prince of Morocco
• 1971 - Jeordie White was born. Bassist for Marilyn Manson from 1990 – 2002
• 1976 - Czechoslovakia becomes European soccer champ.
• 1977 - Oil begins to flow through the Trans-Alaska Pipeline System (TAPS).
• 1978 - Frank Lampard was born. Football player for Chelsea, English Premiership Champions
• 1980 - Roberto Duran starts his classic boxing trilogy with Sugar Ray Leonard by defeating him in Canada by a decision in 15 rounds, to gain the WBC world Welterweight championship.
• 1981- Iran is taken over by what is now known as the Islamic Republic of Iran after two and a half years of intimidation.
• 1981 - Portugal: Vila Praia da Vitória, nos Açores, é elevada a cidade.
• 1983 - LZW patent filed in USA.
• 1987 - Whitney Houston’s album, Whitney, debuted on Billboard magazine’s album chart at number one. Houston became the first female to have an LP debut at the top.
• 1990 - Asteroid Eureka discovered.
• 1990 - Se crea en Buenos Aires la Universidad Maimónides.
• 1990 - 50,000 die in a 7.6 earthquake in Iran
• 1991 - Amália Rodrigues is condecorated by the French President François Miterrand with the "Legion d'Honneur" (The Legion of Honor).
• 1991 - German parliament decides to move the capital from Bonn back to Berlin.
• 1993 - The Chicago Bulls won their third consecutive title with a 99-98 victory over the Phoenix Suns in game 6 of the NBA finals
• 1993 - Vince Foster dies (siocide). Deputy White House Counsel.
• 1994 - O. J. Simpson é declarado inocente em Los Angeles pelo assassinato de sua ex-mulher Nicole, e do amigo dela Ronald Goldman.
• 1995 - Emil Cioran dies. Romanian-born French philosopher and essayist
• 1995 - Peter Townsend dies. American musician.
• 1998 - Conrad Schumann dies. East German borderguard, most famous escapee from East Germany.
• 1999 - Clifton Fadiman dies. Author
• 2000 - Vittorio Gassman dies. Italian Actor.
• 2001 - Pervez Musharraf becomes president of Pakistan
• 2001 - Andrea Yates drowns her children in a bathtub and admits to the crime. She would be sentenced to life in prison.
• 2002 - Erwin Chargaff dies. Biochemist
• 2002 - Tinus Osendarp dies. Dutch sprinter.
• 2003 - LZW patent expires in USA.
• 2003 - Bounce premieres at the Goodman Theatre.
• 2003 - Formation of Wikimedia Foundation announced.
• 2003 - Bob Stump dies. U.S. Congressman from Arizona.
• 2004 - Descoberta de novas pinturas rupestres na aldeia de Colmeal - Vale do Côa (Portugal).
• 2004 - Portugal bate a Espanha por 1-0 com um golo de Nuno Gomes e qualifica-se para os quartos de final do Campeonato da Europa (Nota do webmaster : Assisti ao vivo a este jogo que fica como sendo o acontecimento desportivo que maior alegria me transmitiu até à data. Nem o recente triunfo do Benfica no Campeonato Nacional excedeu aquela euforia).
• Roman Empire - Festival in honor of Summanus
• Ancient Latvia - Zalu Diena
• UNHCR World Refugee Day - Dia Mundial dos Refugiados
• Flag Day in Argentina (1938) Día de la Bandera El Congreso de la Nación, por ley nacional Nº 12.361, estableció el día 20 de junio (por ser el aniversario del fallecimiento del Gral. Manuel Belgrano, el 20 de junio de 1820) como "Día de la Bandera".