On this day in History - Mar 05

• 0254 St Lucius I ends his reign as Catholic Pope
• 1046 - Naser Khosrow begins his "itinerary" which he would later describe in Safarnameh.
• 1133- King Henry II of England, was born, (d. 1189).
• 1152 - O imperador Frederico I Barbaroxa é eleito Imperador.
• 1291 - Sa'ad al'Da'ulah, Jewish grand vizier of Persia, was assassinated.
• 1324 - King David II of Scotland, was born, (d. 1371).
• 1461 - Em Inglaterra, Eduardo IV ascendeu ao trono.
• 1512 - Gerardus Mercator, was born, cartographer, (d. 1594)).
• 1534 - Muere el pintor italiano Antonio Allegri "Correggio".
• 1558 -Smoking tobacco introduced in Europe by Francisco Fernandes.
• 1563 - John Coke, was born, English politician, (d. 1644)).
• 1575 - William Oughtred, was born, English mathematician.).
• 1605 - Pope Clement VIII dies).
• 1611- Shimazu Yoshihisa, dies, Japanese daimyo and samurai (b. 1533)).
• 1616 - La Iglesia Católica condena el libro de Copérnico que contiene sus teorías stronómicas.
• 1622 - Ranuccio Farnese I, dies, Duke of Parma (b. 1569)).
• 1658 - Antoine Laumet de La Mothe, sieur de Cadillac, was born, explorer, (d. 1730)
• 1689 - Daniel Finch, 2nd Earl of Nottingham is named Secretary of State for the Northern Department.
• 1693 - Johann Jakob Wettstein, was born, theologian, (d. 1754).
• 1696 - Giovanni Battista Tiepolo, was born, painter, (d. 1770).
• 1726 - Evelyn Pierrepont, dies, 1st Duke of Kingston-upon-Hull.
• 1748 - Jonas C. Dryander, was born, botanist, (d. 1810).
• 1748 - William Shield, was born, musician, (d. 1829).
• 1750 - Jean-Baptiste Gaspard d'Ansse de Villoison, was born, classical scholar,(d. 1805)
• 1766 - Antonio de Ulloa, the first Spanish governor of Louisiana, arrives in New Orleans
• 1770 - Boston Massacre: Five Americans, including Crispus Attucks, are killed by British troops in an event that would help start the American Revolutionary War five years later.
• 1784 - Thomas Townshend, 1st Viscount Sydney is named President of the Board of Trade in its second iteration.
• 1790 - Flora Macdonald, dies, Jacobite heroine
  
• 1793 - French troops are defeated by Austrian forces and Liege is recaptured.
• 1814 - Wilhelm von Giesebrecht,was born, historian,(d. 1889)
• 1815 - John Wentworth, was born, U.S. politician, (d. 1888)
• 1815 - Franz Mesmer, dies, developer of hypnotism
• 1817 - Austen Henry Layard, was born, excavator of Nineveh, (d. 1894).
• 1821 - James Monroe is inaugurated for a second term as President of the United States.
• 1824 - First Burmese War: The British officially declares war on Burma.
• 1827 - Alessandro Volta, dies, physicist ("Volt" electricity unity is called from his name).
• 1827 - Pierre-Simon Laplace, dies, mathematician.
• 1829 - John Adams, dies, last surviving Bounty mutineer.
• 1836 - Samuel Colt makes the first production-model revolver (.34-caliber).
• 1836 - Charles Goodnight, was born, cowboy, (d. 1929).
• 1842 - Over 500 Mexican troops led by Rafael Vasquez invade Texas, briefly occupy San Antonio and then head back to the Rio Grande. This is the first such invasion since the Texas revolution.
• 1848 - Se establece en Francia el sufragio universal.
• 1848 - Louis Antoine Garnier-Pages named French minister of Finance.
• 1849 - Zachary Taylor is inaugurated as the 12th President of the United States.
• 1849 - David Scott, dies, painter.
• 1851 - Václav Brožík, was born, artist.
• 1854 - El general Justo José de Urquiza accede a la Presidencia de la Confederación Argentina.
• 1856 Covent Garden Opera House destroyed in a fire .
• 1858 - Nasceu o político e diplomata português José Mascarenhas Relvas.
• 1860 - Parma, Tuscany, Modena and Romagna vote in referenda to join Kingdom of Sardinia.
• 1860- Isabel II crea por decreto la Meteorología oficial en España.
• 1860 - Santiago Derqui asume la presidencia de la Confederación Argentina, al terminar el mandato del presidente Urquiza.
• 1861- Montgomery Blair is named 23rd Postmaster General of the United States by Abraham Lincoln.
• 1864 - For the first time, Oxford met Cambridge in track and field competition in England.
• 1867 - Little River County, Arkansas is organized in the United States.
• 1867 - Louis-Alexandre Taschereau, was born, Premier of Quebec.
• 1868 - A court of impeachment is organized in the United States Senate to hear charges against President Andrew Johnson.
• 1868 - Mefistofele, an opera by Arrigo Boito premieres at La Scala.
• 1869 - Michael von Faulhaber, was born, cardinal and archbishop,(d. 1952).
• 1870 - Frank Norris, was born, writer
• 1871- Rosa Luxemburg, was born, revolutionary.
• 1872 - George Westinghouse patents the air brake.
• 1876 - Marie d'Agoult, dies, writer.
• 1877 - Rutherford B. Hayes is publicly inaugurated as the 19th President of the United States (he was privately inaugurated on March 3)..
• 1879 - William Beveridge, was born, economist.
• 1886 - Dong Biwu, was born, a founder of the Communist Party of China.
• 1887 - Heitor Villa-Lobos, was born, Brazilian composer.
• 1893 - Hippolyte Taine, dies, historian.
• 1894 - Archibald Philip Primrose, 5th Earl of Rosebery becomes First Lord of the Treasury.
• 1895 - Henry Rawlinson, dies, soldier.
• 1896 - Italian premier Crispi resigns.
• 1897 - Madame Chiang Kai-Shek, was born, Chinese political figure, (d. 2003).
• 1898 - Zhou Enlai,was born, Premier of the People's Republic of China (d. 1976).
• 1900 - American Hall of Fame is founded .
• 1903 - George Francis Robert Henderson, dies, soldier.
• 1904 - Nikola Tesla, in Electrical World and Engineer, describes the process of ball lightning formation.
• 1904 - Karl Rahner, was born, theologian.
• 1905 - Günther Lüders, was born, actor and film director, (d. 1975).
• 1905 - Russian troops begin to retreat from Mukden, Manchuria after losing 100,000 troops in three days..
• 1907 - The second Duma opens in St. Petersburg, Russia and 40,000 demonstrators have to be dispersed by Russian troops.
• 1907 - Friedrich Blass, dies, scholar.
• 1908 - Rex Harrison, was born, actor(My Fair Lady, Dr Doolittle), .
• 1910 - Józef Marcinkiewicz, was born, mathematician.
• 1912 - Spanish steamer "Principe de Asturias" sinks NE of Spain, 500 die .
• 1912 - Italian forces are the first to use airships for military purposes, using them for reconnaissance west of Tripoli behind Turkish lines.
• 1915 World War I: LZ 33, a zeppelin, is damaged by enemy fire during a patrol mission; it stranded south of Ostend..
• 1915 - Laurent Schwartz, was born, mathematician.
• 1916 - Spanish football club Real Club Deportivo Mallorca founded.
• 1917 - Woodrow Wilson is inaugurated for a second term as President of the United States.
• 1917 - Morre Manuel de Arriaga, primeiro Presidente da República de Portugal (n. 1840).
• 1918 - The Soviet Union moves the national capital from Petrograd to Moscow.
• 1918 - James Tobin, nace, economist Premio Nóbel de Economía en 1981.
• 1921 - Elmer Valo, was born, Major League Baseball player (d. 1998).
• 1922 - Pier Paolo Pasolini, was born, writer, film director.
• 1922. Estreia em Berlim do filme de Friedrich Wilhelm Murnau: "Nosferatu"..
• 1924 - Shefqet Verlaci becomes Prime Minister of Albania.
• 1926 - Clément Ader, dies, engineer.
• 1926 - Nace María Schell, nace, actriz suiza.
• 1927 - Franz Mertens, dies, mathematician.
• 1929 - LanChile airline begins operations.
• 1931. Gandhi aceita pôr fim à campanha de desobediência civil na Índia, dominada pela Grã-Bretanha.
• 1931 - Daniel Salamanca Urey named President of Bolivia.
• 1932 - Em Lisboa, foi criada a Academia Nacional de Belas Artes.
• 1933 - Great Depression. President Franklin D. Roosevelt declares a "bank holiday", closing all United States banks and freezing all financial transactions.
• 1933 - In Germany, the Nazis win 44 percent of the vote in parliamentary elections.
• 1933 - Samantha Eggar, was born, actress.
• 1936 - Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer’s "Mutiny On The Bounty" (produced by Irving Thalberg and Albert Lewin) was voted Outstanding Production, as they used to say. The 8th Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences (AMPAS) Academy Awards ceremony was held at the Biltmore Hotel, Los Angeles. Director/producer/writer/actor Frank Capra hosted the big giveaway honoring the films of 1935, which saw Victor McLaglen take the Best Actor prize for "The Informer" (John Ford won for directing this one). Best Actress was Bette Davis in "Dangerous". In case you are wondering, they didn’t start handing out those Supporting Actor/Actress awards until 1937. The Best Music/Song award winners were Harry Warren (music) and Al Dubin (lyrics) for the song "Lullaby of Broadway" from "Gold Diggers of 1935". An Oscar for Short Subject/Cartoon was awarded to Walt Disney for his ’toon, "Three Orphan Kittens".
• 1936 - First flight of fighter airplane Spitfire Type 300..
• 1936 - Dean Stockwell, was born, actor.
• 1937 - Foi lançada a revista feminina Marie Claire.
• 1938 - Fred Williamson, was born, American football player and actor.
• 1939 - Pierre Wynants, was born, Belgian chef.
• 1940 - Members of Soviet politbiuro sign an order for the execution of 25,700 Polish intelligentsia, including 14,700 Polish POW, known also as Katyn massacre.
• 1940 - Cai Yuanpei, dies, educator .
• 1942 - Felipe González Márquez, was born, Prime Minister of Spain.
• 1943 - Billy Backus, was born, boxer.
• 1943 - First flight of Gloster Meteor aircraft in Britain.
• 1944 - Max Jacob, dies, poet and writer.
• 1945 - Nace el director teatral argentino Santiago Doria..
• 1946 - Winston Churchill uses the phrase "Iron Curtain" in his speech at Westminster College in Fulton, Missouri. This event is often regarded at the beginning of the Cold War.“From Stettin in the Baltic to Trieste in the Adriatic, an iron curtain has descended across the Continent.” .
• 1947 - Clodagh Rodgers, was born, Northern Irish singer.
• 1948 - Nace el músico jamaiquino Eddy Grant.
• 1951 - Elaine Paige, was born, singer, actress.
• 1953 - Morreu o líder soviético Josef Estaline.
• 1953 - Sergei Prokofiev, dies, composer, (b. 1891).
• 1953 - Joseph Stalin, dies, leader of the Soviet Union, (b. 1879).
• 1953 - Herman J. Mankiewicz, dies, screenwriter.
• 1955 - President of Lithuania, Antanas Merkys dies, after having been imprisoned and deported to Saratov, Soviet Union
• 1955 - Penn Jillette, was born, magician, comedian.
• 1956 - Ernie Terrell becomes the WBA world heavyweight champion, beating Eddie Machen by a 15-round decision, in Chicago.
• 1958 - Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region is established.
• 1958 - Explorer 2, part of the Explorer program, launched and eventually failed.
• 1958 - Andy Gibb, was born (d. 1988) singer (Bee-Gees).
• 1960 - Elvis Presley is discharged from the United States Army.
• 1960 - El Gobierno venezolano de Rómulo Betancourt promulga la ley de Reforma Agraria.
• 1963 - Patsy Cline and Cowboy Copas, country music singers- and Hankshaw Hawkins were killed in a plane crash at Camden, TN, near Nashville. The famous country music stars were returning from a benefit performance