On this day in History - Jul 3

• 0324 - Battle of Adrianople Constantine the Great defeats Licinius, who flees to Byzantium Byzantium.
• 0533 - Battle of the Tenth Milestone: Byzantine general Belisarius defeats the Vandals near Carthage.
• 0683 - St. Leo II dies. Pope.
• 0987 - Hugh Capet was crowned King of France, the first of the Capetian dynasty which ruled France till the French Revolution in 1792.
• 1187 - Saladino, Sultão do Egipto e da Síria, comandando 60.000 soldados turcos derrota os cruzados perto do Mar da Galileia. É o começo do fim dos reinos francos na Síria.
• 1250 - Louis IX of France is captured by Baibars' Mamluk army at the Battle of Fariskur while he is in Egypt conducting the Seventh Crusade; he later has to ransom himself.
• 1423 - King Louis XI of France was born (d. 1483).
• 1442 - Emperor Go-Tsuchimikado of Japan was born (d. 1500).
• 1530 - Claude Fauchet was born (d. 1601). French historian.
• 1567 - Samuel de Champlain was born (d. 1635). French explorer.
• 1570 - Aonio Paleario dies. Italian humanist.
• 1573 - Fundação da cidade de Córdoba (Argentina) pelo governador Jerónimo Luis de Cabrera.
• 1608 - Quebec City founded by the French explorer Samuel de Champlain.
• 1642 - Maria de' Medici dies (b. 1573). Wife of Henry IV of France.
• 1672 - Francis Willughby dies (b. 1635). English biologist.
• 1676 - Leopold I, Prince of Anhalt-Dessau was born (d. 1747). Prussian field marshal.
• 1683 - Edward Young was born (d. 1765). English poet.
• 1685 - Sir Robert Rich, 4th Baronet was born (d. 1768). British cavalry officer.
• 1702 - A Áustria declarou guerra à França.
• 1704 - Sophia Alekseyevna dies (b. 1657). Regent of Russia.
• 1721 - A Dinamarca iniciou a colonização da Groenlândia.
• 1728 - Robert Adam was born (d. 1792). Scottish architect.
• 1738 - John Singleton Copley was born (d. 1815). American painter.
• 1743 - Sophia Magdalena of Denmark was born (d. 1813). Queen consort of Sweden.
• 1749 - William Jones dies (b. 1675). Welsh mathematician.
• 1754 - French and Indian War: George Washington surrenders Fort Necessity to French forces. He is allowed to retain his colors and march out of the fort with full honors the following day.
• 1767 - Pitcairn Island is discovered by Midshipman Robert Pitcairn on an expeditionary voyage commanded by Philip Carteret.
• 1767 - Norway's oldest newspaper still in print, Adresseavisen, is founded (first edition published this date).
• 1775 - American Revolutionary War: George Washington takes command of the Continental Army at Cambridge, Massachusetts.
• 1778 - American Revolutionary War: British forces massacre 360 men, women & children in the Wyoming Valley massacre.
• 1778 - Prussia declares war on Austria.
• 1778 - Anna Maria Walburga Mozart née Pertl dies (b. 1720). Mother of Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart.
• 1790 - Jean-Baptiste L. Romé de l'Isle dies (b. 1736). French chemist.
• 1793 - John Clare was born (d. 1864). British poet.
• 1795 - Louis-Georges de Bréquigny dies (b. 1714). French historian.
• 1795 - Antonio de Ulloa dies (b. 1716). Spanish general and governor of Louisiana.
• 1801 - Johann Went dies (b. 27 Jun 1745). Bohemian musician, oboe player.
• 1809 - Joseph Quesnel dies (b. 1746). French Canadian composer, poet and playwright.
• 1819 - The first bank in the United States opened (The Bank of Savings in New York City).
• 1821 - Regressou a Portugal, o rei D. João VI.
• 1832 - O general Juan Antonio Lavalleja lidera uma revolução no Uruguai contra o governo de Fructuoso Rivera. A revolta fracassou.
• 1839 - The first state normal school in the United States, the forerunner to today's Framingham State College, opens in Lexington, Massachusetts with 3 students.
• 1844 - The last pair of Great Auks is killed.
• 1848 - Slaves are freed in the Danish West Indies (now U.S. Virgin Islands).
• 1849 - The French entered Rome in order to restore Pope Pius IX to power. This would prove a major obstacle to Italian unification.
• 1850 - Alfredo Keil was born (d. 1907). Portuguese composer and painter.
• 1851 - Charles Bannerman was born (d. 1930). Australian cricketer.
• 1852 - Congress establishes the United States's 2nd mint in San Francisco, California.
• 1854 - Leos Janacek was born (d. 1928). Czech composer.
• 1858 - Alexander Andreyevich Ivanov dies (b. 1806). Russian painter.
• 1863 - U.S. Civil War: The final day of the Battle of Gettysburg and the fall of the besieged Vicksburg to U.S. Grant.
• 1863 - George Hull Ward dies (b. 1826). American general.
• 1866 - Austro-Prussian War decided at Battle of Königgratz, resulting in Prussia taking over as the prominent German nation from Austria.
• 1866 – Albert Gottschalk was born (d. 1907). Danish painter.
• 1870 - Richard Bedford Bennett was born (d. 1947). 11th Prime Minister of Canada.
• 1870 - Morte de José Joaquim Leite Guimarães (n. 18 Jul 1808). Barão de Nova Cintra - Portugal.
• 1875 - Ferdinand Sauerbruch was born (d. 1951). German surgeon.
• 1878 - George M. Cohan was born (d. 1942). American actor, director, singer and dancer.
• 1879 - Alfred Korzybski was born (d. 1950). Polish linguist.
• 1880 - Carl Schuricht was born (d. 1967). Polish-born German conductor.
• 1883 - Franz Kafka was born (d. 1924). Austrian writer.
• 1884 - Dow Jones published its 1st stock average.
• 1886 - Karl Benz officially unveils the Benz Patent Motorwagen - the first purpose-built automobile.
• 1886 - The New York Tribune becomes the first newspaper to use a linotype machine, eliminating typesetting by hand.
• 1888 - Ramón Gómez de la Serna was born (d. 13 Jan 1963). Spanish writer.
• 1890 - Idaho is admitted as the 43rd U.S. state.
• 1893 - Mississippi John Hurt was born (d. 1966). American musician.
• 1894 - Jaime de Barros Câmara was born (d. 1971). Brazilian cardinal.
• 1898 - Spanish fleet, led by Pascual Cervera y Topete, destroyed by the U.S. Army in Santiago, Cuba during the Spanish-American War.
• 1900 - Alessandro Blasetti was born (d. 1987). Italian film director.
• 1901 - José Lins do Rego was born. Brazilian writer.
• 1903 - Ace Bailey was born (d. 1992). Canadian ice hockey player.
• 1904 - Edouard Beaupré dies (b. 1881). Canadian giant and strongman.
• 1904 - Theodor Herzl dies (b. 1860). Austrian Zionist.
• 1905 - 6,000 people were killed in Odessa as Russian troops moved to restore order during a general strike.
• 1906 - George Sanders was born (d. 25 Apr 1972). Russian-born Academy Award-winning actor: All About Eve [1950]; The Quiller Memorandum, Picture of Dorian Gray, Village of the Damned, A Shot in the Dark, Samson and Delilah.
• 1906 – Jack Earle was born (d. 1952). American actor and sideshow performer.
• 1908 - M. F. K. Fisher was born (d. 1992). American writer.
• 1908 - Robert B. Meyner was born (d. 1990). American politician.
• 1909 - Stavros Spiros Niarchos was born (d. 1996). Ship owner.
• 1913 – Confederate veterans at the Great Reunion of 1913 reenact Pickett's Charge; upon reaching the high-water mark of the Confederacy they are met by the outstretched hands of friendship from Union survivors.
• 1913 - Dorothy Kilgallen was born (d. 1965). American newspaper columnist, and television personality.
• 1914 - Joseph Chamberlain dies (b. 1836). British politician.
• 1916 - 100,000 were killed on the first day of the Battle of the Somme. The British and French offensive against the Germans was one of the most devastating battles of our time. The British went ‘over the top’ (of their trenches) in waves, only to be cut down by the enemy.
• 1916 - Foi assinado um Tratado de Aliança entre a Rússia e o Japão.
• 1916 - Hetty Green dies (b. 1834). American businesswoman.
• 1917 - João Saldanha was born (d. 1990). Brazilian journalist and football manager.
• 1918 - S. V. Ranga Rao was born (d. 1974). South Indian actor.
• 1918 - Sultan Mehmed V of the Ottoman Empire dies (b. 1844).
• 1920 - William Tilden won the men’s singles title at Wimbledon, the first US player to do so.
• 1920 - Paul O'Dea was born (d. 1978). Baseball player.
• 1921 - Susan Peters was born (d. 1952). American actress.
• 1921 - João Guedes was born. Portuguese actor.
• 1922 – Guillaume Cornelis van Beverloo was born. Belgian painter, called Corneille.
• 1923 - Art Fowler was born. Former MLB player.
• 1924 - S. R. Nathan was born. 6th president of Singapore.
• 1927 - Ken Russell was born. English director: Women in Love, The Music Lovers, Altered States, Tommy, The Boy Friend, Prisoner of Honor.
• 1928 - First color television broadcast in London.
• 1928 - Günter Bruno Fuchs was born (d. 1977). German writer, poet and painter.
• 1929 - Luís Murat dies in Rio de Janeiro (b. 4 May 1861). Brazilian poet, journalist and politicin.
• 1930 - Carlos Kleiber was born (d. 2004). Austrian conductor.
• 1930 – Pete Fountain was born. American clarinetist.
• 1930 - Tommy Tedesco was born (d. 1997). American musician.
• 1931 – Frits Helmuth was born (d. 2004). Danish actor.
• 1933 - Edward Brandt was born (d. 2007). American doctor and public health official.
• 1933 - Hipólito Yrigoyen dies (b. 1852). President of Argentina.
• 1934 - Manfred Bieler was born († 23 Apr. 2002). German dramatist and novelist.
• 1935 - Harrison Schmitt was born. American astronaut and politician.
• 1935 - André Citroën dies (b. 1878). French automobile pioneer.
• 1937 - Tom Stoppard was born. Czech-born playwright.
• 1938 – President Franklin D. Roosevelt dedicates the Eternal Light Peace Memorial and lights the eternal flame at Gettysburg Battlefield.
• 1938 - World speed record for a steam railway locomotive is set in England, by the "Mallard", which reaches a speed of 203 km/h (126 mph).
• 1938 - Bolo Yeung was born. Hong Kong actor.
• 1939 - Brigitte Fassbaender was born. German mezzo-soprano.
• 1939 - László Kovács was born. Hungarian politician and diplomat.
• 1939 - Helena Vaz da Silva is born (d. 2002). Portuguese journalist / Nascimento de Helena Vaz da Silva (m. 2002). Jornalista, directora da revista "O Tempo e o Modo", presidente do Centro Nacional de Cultura desde 1979, foi presidente da comissão nacional da UNESCO, de 1989 a 1995 e deputada ao Parlamento Europeu, nas listas do PSD, de 1994 a 1999.
• 1940 – World War II: the French fleet of the Atlantic based at Mers el Kébir, is bombarded by the British fleet, coming from Gibraltar, causing the loss of three battleships: Dunkerque, Provence and Bretagne. One thousand two hundred sailors perish.
• 1940 - The legendary comedy team of Bud Abbott and Lou Costello debuted this day in 1940 with their network radio show on NBC (Who’s on First).
• 1940 - César Tovar was born (d. 1994). Venezuelan Major League Baseball player.
• 1940 – Fontella Bass was born. American soul singer.
• 1940 - Jerzy Buzek was born. Prime Minister of Poland.
• 1940 – Lamar Alexander was born. American politician.
• 1942 - Eddy Mitchell was born. French singer and actor.
• 1942 - Paco Stanley was born (d. 1999). Mexican TV personality.
• 1942 - Louis Franchet d'Espèrey dies (b. 1856). French general.
• 1943 - Kurtwood Smith was born. American actor.
• 1944 - World War II: Minsk is liberated from Nazi control by Soviet troops during Operation Bagration.
• 1944 - Michel Polnareff was born. French pop songwriter and singer.
• 1945 - Michael Cole was born. American TV actor.
• 1946 - Leszek Miller was born. Prime Minister of Poland.
• 1946 - Carlos Alberto Riccelli was born. Brazilian actor.
• 1947 – Betty Buckley was born. American actress.
• 1947 - Dave Barry was born. American writer.
• 1948 - Tarmo Koivisto was born. Finnish comics artist.
• 1949 - Jan Smithers was born. American actress.
• 1949 - Johnnie Wilder, Jr. was born (d. 2006). American singer (Heatwave).
• 1950 - Ewen Chatfield was born. New Zealand cricketer.
• 1950 - James Hahn was born. American politician.
• 1951 - Jean-Claude Duvalier was born. Haitian politician.
• 1951 - Richard Hadlee was born. New Zealand cricketer.
• 1952 - Puerto Rico's Constitution is approved by the Congress of the United States.
• 1952 – The SS United States sets sail on her maiden voyage to Southampton. During this voyage, the SS United States takes the Blue Riband away from the RMS Queen Mary
• 1952 - Alan Autry was born. Former NFL player, actor, politician.
• 1953 - Linda Greenlese was born. American nurse.
• 1954 - Siegfried Handloser dies (b. 1895). German physician.
• 1955 - Sanma Akashiya was born. Japanese television performer.
• 1956 - Don Vito was born. American Viva La Bam castmember.
• 1956 - Montel Williams was born. American celebrity and former talk show host.
• 1957 - Laura Branigan was born (d. 26 Aug 2004). American singer: Gloria, Solitaire, How am I Supposed to Live Without You, Self Control, Theme Song from Octopussy, Hot Night.
• 1957 - Dolf Luque dies (b. 1890). Baseball player.
• 1958 - Aaron Tippin was born. American singer.
• 1958 - Matthew Fraser was born. Canadian-British journalist.
• 1958 - Siân Lloyd was born. Welsh weather presenter.
• 1959 – David Shore was born. Canadian-born writer.
• 1959 - Julie Burchill was born. British journalist and author.
• 1959 - Stephen Pearcy was born. American singer (Ratt).
• 1960 - Vince Clarke was born. British songwriter (Depeche Mode, Yazoo, and Erasure).
• 1961 - Pedro Romeiras was born. Portuguese dancer.
• 1961 - Tim Smith was born. English musician (Cardiacs).
• 1962 - The Algerian War of Independence against the French ends.
• 1962 - The Algerian Flag is adopted.
• 1962 – Hugh Page, former South African cricketer
• 1962 - Hunter Tylo was born. American actress.
• 1962 - Thomas Gibson was born. American actor.
• 1962 - Tom Cruise was born. American actor: Mission Impossible, A Few Good Men, The Firm, Days of Thunder, Born on the Fourth of July, Cocktail, Top Gun, Rain Man, The Color of Money, Taps, Interview with a Vampire, Jerry Maguire, Eyes Wide Shut, Mission: Impossible II, Collateral, War of the Worlds.
• 1964 - Joanne Harris was born. English author.
• 1964 - Yeardley Smith was born. French-born American actress.
• 1965 - Shinya Hashimoto was born (d. 2005). Japanese wrestler.
• 1965 - Connie Nielsen was born. American actress.
• 1966 - Moises Alou was born. Major League Baseball player.
• 1966 - Sandra Lee was born. American television host and cookbook author.
• 1967 - Brian Cashman was born. American major league baseball executive.
• 1968 – Aku Louhimies was born. Finnish film director and screenwriter.
• 1969 - The biggest explosion in the history of rocketry occurs when the Soviet N1 rocket explodes and subsequently destroys its launchpad.
• 1969 - Kevin Hearn was born. Canadian musician (Barenaked Ladies).
• 1969 - Brian Jones dies (b. 1942). English musician (the Rolling Stones).
• 1970 - A British Dan-Air De Havilland Comet chartered jetliner crashes into mountains North of Barcelona, Spain killing 113 people.
• 1970 - A British chartered jetliner crashes near Barcelona, Spain killing 112.
• 1970 - Teemu Selänne was born. Finnish ice hockey player.
• 1970 - Shawnee Smith was born. American actress.
• 1970 - Serhiy Honchar was born. Ukrainian cyclist.
• 1971 - Jim Morrison dies (b. 1943). American singer (The Doors).
• 1972 – Warren Furman was born. British television personality.
• 1973 - Emma Cunniffe was born. British actress.
• 1973 - Johnny Terris was born. Canadian-born actor and director.
• 1973 - Patrick Wilson was born. American actor.
• 1976 - Spain: Adolfo Suárez becomes the 73rd President of the Government of Spain.
• 1976 - Israeli commandos rescue 105 hostages at Entebbe Airport, Uganda.
• 1976 - Andrea Barber was born. American actress.
• 1976 - Henry Olonga was born. Zimbabwean cricketer.
• 1976 - Wade Belak was born. Canadian ice hockey player.
• 1976 - Wanderlei Silva was born. Brazilian mixed martial artist.
• 1977 - The Senegalese Republican Movement (MRS) is founded.
• 1977 - Ludmila Richetevova was born. Tennis player.
• 1977 - Alexander M. Volkov dies (b. 1891). Russian novelist and mathematician.
• 1978 – Mizuki Noguchi was born. Japanese long-distance runner.
• 1978 - James Daly dies (b. 1918). American actor.
• 1979 - US President Jimmy Carter signs the first directive for secret aid to the opponents of the pro-Soviet regime in Kabul.
• 1979 - David Bacani was born. American baseball player.
• 1979 - Ludivine Sagnier was born. French actress.
• 1979 - Sotirios Kyrgiakos was born. Greek footballer.
• 1979 - Louis Durey dies (b. 1888). French composer.
• 1980 – Harbhajan Singh was born. Indian cricketer.
• 1980 - Kevin Boyle was born. American basketballer.
• 1980 - Roland Mark Schoeman was born. South African swimmer.
• 1981 - Ross Martin dies (b. 1920). Polish-American actor.
• 1982 - Kanika was born. Indian actress.
• 1983 - Steph Jones was born. American singer and model.
• 1984 - Corey Sevier was born. Canadian actor.
• 1984 - Manny Lawson was born. American Football player.
• 1984 - Syed Rasel was born. Bangladeshi cricketer.
• 1985 – Minami Keisuke was born. Japanese singer and actor.
• 1985 - Frank Selke dies (b. 1893). Canadian ice hockey manager.
• 1986 - US President Ronald Reagan presides over the relighting of the renovated Statue of Liberty.
• 1986 - Mikhail Baryshnikov, considered by many to be the world’s greatest ballet dancer, became a U.S. citizen in ceremonies at Ellis Island, New York Harbor.
• 1986 - Rudy Vallee dies (b. 1901). American singer.
• 1987 - The 73-year-old Klaus Barbie, a former SS officer, was sentenced to life imprisonment for war crimes committed in France.
• 1987 - Sebastian Vettel was born. German racing driver.
• 1988 - During the Iran-Iraq conflict, United States Navy warship USS Vincennes shoots downmistook an Irabnian cicil airliner for a bomber and shot down the Iran Air Flight 655 over the Persian Gulf, killing all 290 people aboard.
• 1988 - The Fatih Sultan Mehmet Bridge in Istanbul, Turkey is completed, providing the second connection between the continents of Europe and Asia over the Bosporus.
• 1989 - Fitzgerald Inquiry released in Queensland.
• 1989 - Jim Backus dies (b. 1913). American actor.
• 1993 - Don Drysdale dies (b. 1936). Baseball player.
• 1993 - Joe DeRita dies (b. 1909). American actor and comedian.
• 1994 - The deadliest day in Texas traffic history, according to the Texas Department of Public Safety. Forty six people were killed in crashes.
• 1994 - Lew Hoad dies (b. 1934). Australian tennis player.
• 1995 - Pancho Gonzales dies (b. 1928). American tennis player.
• 1995 - Eddie Mazur dies (b. 1929). Canadian ice hockey player.
• 1996 - Stone of Scone returned to Scotland.
• 1998 - Rich and Diane have their first date, they're engaged in three weeks and married the following June.
• 1998 - Danielle Bunten Berry dies (b. 1949). American software developer.
• 1999 - Mark Sandman dies (b. 1952). American musician (Morphine).
• 2000 - Kemal Sunal dies (b. 1944). Turkish actor.
• 2001 - A Vladivostok Avia Tupolev TU-154 jetliner crashes on approach to landing at Irkutsk, Russia killing 145 people.
• 2001 - Johnny Russell dies (b. 1940). American country singer and songwriter.
• 2001 - Mordecai Richler dies (b. 1931). Canadian author.
• 2003 - Gaetano Alibrandi dies (b. 1914). Papal diplomat.
• 2004 - Official opening of Bangkok's subway system.
• 2004 - Jordan Merciér becomes the first left handed batter in Whitby history to hit two home runs in a single game.
• 2004 – Official opening of Bangkok's subway system.
• 2004 - Exposição do fotógrafo português Fernando Lemos na Pinacoteca do Estado - São Paulo, Brasil.
• 2004 - Russian tennist Maria Sharapova wins in Wimbledon beating Serena Williams.
• 2004 - Andrian Nikolayev dies (b. 1929). Soviet cosmonaut.
• 2005 - The national law legalizing same-sex marriage takes effect in Spain.
• 2005 - Alberto Lattuada dies (b. 1914). Italian film director.
• 2005 - Gaylord Nelson dies (b. 1916). U.S. Senator from Wisconsin.
• 2006 - Asteroid labeled as 2004 XP14 flies 432,308 km (268,624 miles) by Earth's atmosphere.
• 2006 - Joseph Goguen dies (b. 1941). American computer scientist.
• 2006 - Benjamin Hendrickson dies (b. 1950). American actor.
• 2007 - Alice Timander dies (b. 1915). Swedish dentist.
• 2007 - Boots Randolph dies (b. 1927). American saxophonist.
• 2007 - Lícia Magna dies (b. 1909). Brazilian actress.
• 2008 – Clive Hornby dies (b. 1944). English soap actor – Emmerdale.
• 2008 - Ernie Cooksey dies (b. 1980). English footballer.
• 2008 – Larry Harmon dies (b. 1925). American entertainer and TV producer.
• 2008 – Oliver Schroer dies (b. 1956). Canadian fiddler and composer.
• Start of the Dog Days.
• Independence Day in Belarus (when German forces lost Belarus to the Red Army in 1944).
• United States Virgin Islands: Emancipation Day.
• Start of the Dog Days according to The Old Farmer's Almanac but not according to established meaning in most European cultures.
• Portugal: Municipal Holyday in Seia / Feriado Municipal em Seia.