On this day in History - Aug 13

• 3114 BC - According to the Lounsbury correlation, the Maya calendar starts.
• 0523 - John succeeds Hormisdas as Pope.
• 0582 - Arnulf of Metz was born (d. 0640). Patron saint of brewing.
• 0586 - Radegund dies. Queen consort of Clotaire I
• 0900 - Zwentibold dies. Last King of Lotharingia
• 1099 - Paschal II elected Pope.
• 1311 - King Alfonso XI of Castile and Leon was born in Salamanca (d. 1350)
• 1313 - Aradia de Toscano was born. Italian insurrectionist, teacher, and witch
• 1315 - Louis X of France marries Clemence d'Anjou.
• 1326 - Aradia de Toscano is initiated into a Dianic witchcraft cult, subsequently founds the tradition of Stregheria later known as the Malandanti.
• 1382 - Eleanor of Aragon dies (b. 1358). Queen of John I of Castile
• 1415 - Henry V of England lands at Chef-en-Caux, France with 8000 men.
• 1422 - William Caxton was born. English printer
• 1516 - Treaty of Noyon between France and Spain signed. In it, Francis recognizes Charles's claim to Naples, and Charles recognizes Francis's claim to Milan.
• 1521 - Tenochtitlán (present day Mexico City) falls to conquistador Hernán Cortés .
• 1523 - Gheeraert David dies. Dutch painter.
• 1536 - Buddhist monks from Kyoto's Enryaku Temple set fire to 21 Nichiren temples throughout Kyoto in the Tenbun Hokke Disturbance. (Traditional Japanese date: July 27, 1536).
• 1553 - Michael Servetus arrested by John Calvin in Geneva as a heretic.
• 1584 - Theophilus Howard, 2nd Earl of Suffolk was born (d. 1640). English politician
• 1625 - Rasmus Bartholin was born (d. 1698). Danish physician, mathematician, and physicist
• 1662 - Charles Seymour, 6th Duke of Somerset, was born (d. 1748). English politician.
• 1666 - William Wotton was born (d. 1727). English scholar.
• 1667 - Jeremy Taylor dies. Irish author and bishop
• 1686 - Louis Maimbourg dies. Historian
• 1700 - Heinrich, count von Brühl was born (d. 1763). German statesman.
• 1704 - War of the Spanish Succession: Battle of Blenheim - English and Austrians victorious over French and Bavarians.
• 1706 - Nasce Dom Frei Miguel de Bulhões e Sousa, OP, bispo de Belém do Pará, bispo de Leiria.
• 1713 - Felipe V es reconcido como rey de España tras firmar con Saboya la paz durante la guerra de Sucesión Española.
• 1717 - Louis François I, Prince of Conti was born (d. 1776). French military leader.
• 1721 - Jacques Lelong dies (b. 1665). French bibliographer
• 1744 - John Cruger dies (b. 1678). Dutch-born Mayor of New York
• 1755 - Francesco Durante dies. (b. 1684). Italian composer.
• 1764 - Louis Baraguey d'Hilliers was born (d. 1816). French general.
• 1765 - O arquiduque Leopoldo (1747-1792), futuro Imperador austríaco, abole a Inquisição na Toscânia.
• 1783 - Vieira Lusitano dies. Portuguese painter.
• 1790 - William Wentworth was born (d. 1872). Australian explorer and politician.
• 1792 - Adelaide of Saxe-Meiningen was born (d. 1849). Queen of William IV of the United Kingdom
• 1803 - Vladimir Odoevsky dies (b. 1869) Russian philosopher and writer.
• 1814 - The Convention of London, a treaty between the United Kingdom and the United Provinces, is signed in London.
• 1814 - Anders Jonas Ångström was born (d. 1874). Swedish physicist.
• 1818 - Lucy Stone was born. Pioneering women's rights activist
• 1819 - George Gabriel Stokes was born . Irish mathematicien and physicist
• 1820 - Sir George Grove was born (d. 1900). English music historian.
• 1823 - Goldwin Smith was born (d. 1910). English-born historian and journalist.
• 1824 - Crisóstomo Lafinur dies in Santiago, Chile (b. 27 Jan 1797). Argentinian poet and journalist.
• 1851 - Felix Adler was born (d. 1933). German-born educator.
• 1860 - Annie Oakley was born (d. 1926). American sharpshooter.
• 1862 - Assinatura de tratado entre Portugal e China (Tratado de Jien-Jsin) segundo o qual Macau é reconhecido como território sob administração portuguesa
• 1863 - Eugène Delacroix dies (b. 1798). French painter
• 1866 - Giovanni Agnelli was born (d. 1945). Italian industrialist.
• 1871 - Karl Liebknecht was born. German socialist
• 1872 - Richard Willstätter was born (d. 1942). German chemist, Nobel Prize laureate.
• 1875 - Carlos Malheiro Dias was born. Portuguese writer.
• 1879 - John Ireland was born (d. 1962). English composer.
• 1887 - Julius Freed was born (d. 1952). American inventor and banker.
• 1888 - John Logie Baird was born (d. 1946). Scottish television pioneer.
• 1888 - Gleb W. Derujinsky was born (d. 1975). Russian-American sculptor.
• 1889 - Camillien Houde was born (d. 1958). Quebec politician, mayor of Montreal.
• 1890 - Ellen Osiier was born (d. 1962). Danish Olympic champion fencer.
• 1890 - Carlos Selvagem was born. Portuguese writer.
• 1895 - Bert Lahr was born (d. 1967). American actor.
• 1895 - Virginia Victorino was born in Alcobaça (d. 1967). Portuguese poet and dramatist.
• 1899 - Sir Alfred Joseph Hitchcock was born in London (d. 1980). English film director. Rebecca, Janela Indiscreta, The birds, Psycho
• 1902 - Felix Wankel was born (d. 1988). German engineer and inventor.
• 1904 - Charles 'Buddy' Rogers was born (d. 1999). American actor
• 1905 - Norway holds referendum in favour of dissolving the union with Sweden.
• 1907 - Sir Basil Spence was born (d. 1976). Scottish architect.
• 1910 - Florence Nightingale dies. English nurse.
• 1910 - Morte da escritora brasileira Carmen Dolores (Nota: Não confundir com a actriz portuguesa com o mesmo nome)
• 1911 - William Bernbach was born (d. 1982). Famous Advertiser.
• 1912 - Ben Hogan was born (d. 1997). American golfer.
• 1912 - Jules Massenet dies (b. 1842). French composer.
• 1912 - Salvador Luria was born (d. 1991). Italian-born biologist, Nobel Prize laureate.
• 1912 - Ben Hogan was born (d. 1997). Golf player.
• 1913 - Otto Witte, an acrobat, managed to get himself crowned King of Albania.
• 1913 - Invention of stainless steel by Harry Brearley.
• 1913 - Fred Davis was born (d. 1998). English snooker player
• 1913 - Makarios III was born (d. 1977). Archbishop and first President of Cyprus.
• 1914 - Luis Mariano was born (d. 1970). Basque operetta singer.
• 1916 - Leão Penedo was born. Portuguese writer.
• 1917 - Sid Gordon was born (d. 1975). American baseball player.
• 1917 - Eduard Buchner dies (b. 1860). German chemist, 1907 Nobel Prize laureate.
• 1918 - Women enlist in the United States Marine Corps for the first time. Opha Mae Johnson is the first woman to enlist.
• 1918 - Frederick Sanger was born. English chemist, Nobel Prize Laureate
• 1919 - George Shearing was born. British musician.
• 1920 - Neville Brand was born (d. 1992). American actor.
• 1920 - Polish-Soviet War: Battle of Warsaw begins, lasts till August 25. The Red Army is defeated.
• 1923 - First major sea-going ship arrives at Gdynia, newly constructed Polish seaport.
• 1926 - Fidel Castro was born. Cuban revolutionary and politician.
• 1929 - Tigran Petrosian was born in Tblissi. Chess world champion (1963-1968).
• 1930 - Don Ho was born (d. 2007). American musician
• 1930 - Wilmer David Mizell dies (b. 1999). American baseball player.
• 1933 - Doctor Joycelyn Elders was born. United States Surgeon General
• 1935 - Mudcat Grant was born. American baseball player
• 1935 - Rod Hull was born (d. 1999). British television entertainer.
• 1935 - Jim (Mudcat) Grant was born. Baseball player
• 1937 - Battle of Shanghai begins. The Japanese attack Shanghai, China.
• 1938 - Dave "Baby" Cortez was born. American pop keyboardist
• 1940 - World War II: Battle of Britain begins - The Luftwaffe launches a series of attacks on British fighter bases and radar installations.
• 1940 - União Soviética anexa a Estónia
• 1940 - Tony Cloninger was born. American baseball player
• 1941 - Erin Fleming was born (d. 2003). Canadian actress.
• 1942 - Walt Disney's fifth animated feature, Bambi, premiers.
• 1944 - Kevin Tighe was born. American actor
• 1944 - Divina Galica was born. British athlete and racing driver
• 1945 - Lars Engqvist was born. Swedish politician
• 1946 - H. G. Wells dies (b. 1866). English writer.
• 1947 - Margareta Winberg was born. Swedish politician
• 1948 - Kathleen Battle was born. American soprano
• 1949 - Bobby Clarke was born. Canadian ice hockey player
• 1951 - Dan Fogelberg was born. American singer
• 1952 - Herb Ritts was born (2004). American photographer.
• 1954 - Radio Pakistan broadcasts National Anthem of Pakistan for the first time.
• 1954 - Nico Assumpção was born (d. 2001). Brazilian bass player.
• 1955 - Paul Greengrass was born. English film director
• 1955 - Keith Ahlers was born. British racing driver
• 1957 - Osama Bin Laden was born. Terrorist.
• 1958 - Fergal Sharkey was born. Northern Irish musician
• 1958 - Sgt. First Class Randall Shughart was born (d. 1993). Posthumous Congressional Medal of Honor recipient for actions during the Battle of Mogadishu
• 1958 - Otto Witte dies (b. 1868). Acrobat.
• 1959 - Danny Bonaduce was born. American actor
• 1959 - Tom Niedenfuer was born. American baseball player
• 1960 - The Central African Republic declares independence from France.
• 1960 - Phil "The Power" Taylor was born. English darts player
• 1960 - Koji Kondo was born. Japanese composer
• 1960 - Dawnn Lewis was born. American actress
• 1961 - The German Democratic Republic closes the border between the eastern and western sectors of Berlin, to thwart its inhabitants' attempts to escape to the West.
• 1961 - Tom Perrotta was born. American novelist
• 1962 - Miss Cleo was born. Television psychic
• 1962 - Gracia Querejeta was born. Spanish film director.
• 1963 - John Slattery was born. American actor
• 1964 - Jay Buhner was born. American baseball player
• 1964 - Gwynne Owen Evans and Peter Anthony Allen die : The last people to be executed in Great Britain. Murderers
• 1965 - Hayato Matsuo was born. Japanese composer
• 1965 - Ikeda Hayato dies (b. 1899). Prime Minister of Japan
• 1966 - Shayne Corson was born. Canadian ice hockey player
• 1967 - Amélie Nothomb was born. Belgian writer
• 1968 - Alexandros Panagoulis attempts to assassinate the Greek dictator Colonel G. Papadopoulos in Varkiza, Athens, Greece.
• 1969 - Midori Ito was born. Japanese figure skater.
• 1969 - Oscar Uriel was born. Mexican actor
• 1969 - Múcio Leão dies. Brazilian journalist and writer
• 1970 - Alan Shearer was born. English footballer
• 1970 - Will Clarke was born. American novelist
• 1970 - Matt Hyson was born. American professional wrestler.
• 1971 - Patrick Carpentier was born. Quebec race car driver
• 1973 - Zulfikar Ali Bhutto elected Prime Minister of Pakistan.
• 1973 - Brittany Andrews was born. American pornographic actress
• 1973 - Molly Henneberg was born. American journalist
• 1973 - Eric Medlen was born. Professional NHRA Drag Racer and Rodeo Star
• 1975 - Joe Perry was born. English snooker player
• 1975 - Marty Turco was born. Canadian ice hockey player
• 1975 - Shoaib Akhtar was born. Pakistani cricketer
• 1977 - Michael Klim was born. Australian swimmer
• 1978 - Un atentado con bomba en un edificio que alberga organizaciones palestinas en Beirut (Líbano) causa la muerte a mas de 175 personas.
• 1979 - The roof of the uncompleted Rosemont Horizon near Chicago, Illinois collapses, killing 5 workers and injuring 16.
• 1979 - Taizo Sugimura was born. Japanese politician
• 1979 - Corey Patterson was born. American baseball player
• 1982 - Shani Davis was born. American speed skater
• 1983 - Ales Hemsky was born. Czech ice hockey player
• 1983 - Ľubomír Michalík was born. Slovakian footballer
• 1984 - Boone Logan was born. American baseball player
• 1984 - Diamond Blue Smith was born. American rapper (Pretty Ricky)
• 1984 - Tigran Petrosian dies (b. 1929). Georgian chess player.
• 1987 - U.S. President Reagan assumes responsibility for his role in the Iran-Contra scandal.
• 1989 - Tim Richmond dies (b. 1955). American race car driver.
• 1991 - The SNES (Super Nintendo Entertainment System) debuts in the USA.
• 1992 - Katharine Close was born. Scripps National Spelling Bee champion
• 1994 - Elias Canetti dies (b. 1905). Bulgarian-born writer, Nobel Prize Laureate
• 1995 - O ciclista português Orlando Rodrigues, da equipa espanhola Artiach, vence a 57a Volta a Portugal em Bicicleta.
• 1995 - Mickey Mantle dies (b. 1931). Baseball Hall of Famer
• 1995 - Jan Křesadlo dies (b. 1926). Czech-born writer
• 1996 - Marc Dutroux, his wife Michelle Martin, and Michel Lelièvre are arrested on suspicion of kidnapping. All are found guilty on June 22, 2004, with sentences of life, 30, and 25 years, respectively.
• 1996 - David Tudor dies (b. 1926). Pianist and composer
• 1996 - Morte do militar e político português Marechal António de Spínola (Antonio Sebastião Ribeiro Spínola) (n. 11 Abr 1910). Foi Presidente da República entre 15 de Maio de 1974 e 30 de Setembro de 1974.
• 1997 - The popular, controversial animated series South Park debuts on Comedy Central.
• 1998 - Julien Green dies (b. 1900). American novelist.
• 1998 - Nino Ferrer dies (b. 1934). French-Italian singer and composer.
• 1999 - Jaime Garzón dies murdered (b. 1960). Colombian journalist and comedian.
• 2001 - Otto Stuppacher dies (b. 1947). Austrian racing driver.
• 2003 - Ed Townsend dies (b. 1929). American songwriter and producer
• 2004 - The 28th Summer Olympics opens in Athens, Greece
• 2004 - Hurricane Charley, a Category 4 storm, strikes the Fort Myers area in Florida.
• 2004 - Black Friday crackdown by NSS on a peaceful protest in the capital city of Maldives, Malé.
• 2004 - Julia Child dies (b. 1912). American chef and television personality
• 2004 - 156 Congolese Tutsi refugees massacred at the Gatumba refugee camp in Burundi.
• 2004 - Adam Curry's first Daily Source Code is created, launching podcasting.
• 2005 - David Lange dies (b. 1942). 32nd Prime Minister of New Zealand
• 2005 - Francisco Milani dies (b. 1936). Brazilian actor.
• 2005 - Miguel Arraes dies (b. 1916). Brazilian politician.
• 2006 - Payao Poontarat was born (d. 1957). Thai Olympic boxer.
• 2006 - Tony Jay was born (d. 1933). English actor.
• Roman festivals - Vertumnalia in honor of Vertumnus and Diana, on the Aventine hill.
• International Lefthanders Day.
• Laos - Lao Issara, Day of the Free Laos.
• In Brazil, Friday 13 August (agosto) is considered to be especially filled with sorrow (desgosto).
• Roman Catholicism - the feasts of St. Hippolytus, St. Cassian, St. John Berchmans, St. John Bosco, St. Radegund , St. Wigbert