On this day in History - Aug 13

• 3114 BC - According to the Lounsbury correlation, the Maya calendar starts.
• 0523 - John succeeds Hormisdas as Pope.
• 0582 - Arnulf of Metz was born (d. 0640). Patron saint of brewing.
• 0586 - Radegund dies. Queen consort of Clotaire I
• 0900 - Zwentibold dies. Last King of Lotharingia
• 1099 - Paschal II elected Pope.
• 1311 - King Alfonso XI of Castile and Leon was born in Salamanca (d. 1350)
• 1313 - Aradia de Toscano was born. Italian insurrectionist, teacher, and witch
• 1315 - Louis X of France marries Clemence d'Anjou.
• 1326 - Aradia de Toscano is initiated into a Dianic witchcraft cult, subsequently founds the tradition of Stregheria later known as the Malandanti.
• 1382 - Eleanor of Aragon dies (b. 1358). Queen of John I of Castile
• 1415 - Henry V of England lands at Chef-en-Caux, France with 8000 men.
• 1422 - William Caxton was born. English printer
• 1516 - Treaty of Noyon between France and Spain signed. In it, Francis recognizes Charles's claim to Naples, and Charles recognizes Francis's claim to Milan.
• 1521 - Tenochtitlán (present day Mexico City) falls to conquistador Hernán Cortés .
• 1523 - Gheeraert David dies. Dutch painter.
• 1536 - Buddhist monks from Kyoto's Enryaku Temple set fire to 21 Nichiren temples throughout Kyoto in the Tenbun Hokke Disturbance. (Traditional Japanese date: July 27, 1536).
• 1553 - Michael Servetus arrested by John Calvin in Geneva as a heretic.
• 1625 - Rasmus Bartholin was born (d. 1698). Danish physician, mathematician, and physicist
• 1662 - Charles Seymour, 6th Duke of Somerset, was born (d. 1748). English politician.
• 1666 - William Wotton was born (d. 1727). English scholar.
• 1667 - Jeremy Taylor dies. Irish author and bishop
• 1686 - Louis Maimbourg dies. Historian
• 1704 - War of the Spanish Succession: Battle of Blenheim - English and Austrians victorious over French and Bavarians.
• 1706 - Nasce Dom Frei Miguel de Bulhões e Sousa, OP, bispo de Belém do Pará, bispo de Leiria.
• 1713 - Felipe V es reconcido como rey de España tras firmar con Saboya la paz durante la guerra de Sucesión Española.
• 1721 - Jacques Lelong dies (b. 1665). French bibliographer
• 1744 - John Cruger dies (b. 1678). Dutch-born Mayor of New York
• 1755 - Francesco Durante dies. (b. 1684). Italian composer.
• 1765 - O arquiduque Leopoldo (1747-1792), futuro Imperador austríaco, abole a Inquisição na Toscânia.
• 1783 - Vieira Lusitano dies. Portuguese painter.
• 1792 - Adelaide of Saxe-Meiningen was born. Queen of William IV of the United Kingdom
• 1814 - Anders Jonas Ångström was born (d. 1874). Swedish physicist.
• 1814 - The Convention of London, a treaty between the United Kingdom and the United Provinces, was signed in London.
• 1818 - Lucy Stone was born. Pioneering women's rights activist
• 1819 - George Gabriel Stokes was born . Irish mathematicien and physicist
• 1820 - Sir George Grove was born (d. 1900). Music historian
• 1823 - Goldwin Smith was born (d. 1910). Historian and journalist
• 1851 - Felix Adler was born (d. 1933). Educator.
• 1860 - Annie Oakley was born (d. 1926). Sharpshooter.
• 1862 - Assinatura de tratado entre Portugal e China (Tratado de Jien-Jsin) segundo o qual Macau é reconhecido como território sob administração portuguesa
• 1863 - Eugène Delacroix dies (b. 1798). French painter
• 1866 - Giovanni Agnelli was born (d. 1945). Industrialist.
• 1871 - Karl Liebknecht was born. German socialist
• 1872 - Richard Willstätter was born (d. 1942). German chemist, Nobel Prize laureate.
• 1875 - Carlos Malheiro Dias was born. Portuguese writer.
• 1879 - John Ireland was born (d. 1962). English composer.
• 1887 - Julius Freed was born (d. 1952). American inventor and banker.
• 1888 - John Logie Baird was born (d. 1946). English television pioneer.
• 1890 - Carlos Selvagem was born. Portuguese writer.
• 1895 - Bert Lahr was born (d. 1967). American actor
• 1899 - Sir Alfred Joseph Hitchcock was born in London (d. 1980). English film director. Rebecca, Janela Indiscreta, Os Pássaros e Psycho
• 1902 - Felix Wankel was born (d. 1988). Engineer and inventor.
• 1904 - Charles 'Buddy' Rogers was born (d. 1999). Actor
• 1905 - Norway holds referendum in favour of dissolving the union with Sweden.
• 1907 - Sir Basil Spence was born (d. 1976). Architect.
• 1910 - Florence Nightingale dies. English nurse.
• 1910 - Morte da escritora brasileira Carmen Dolores (Nota: Não confundir com a acriz portuguesa com o mesmo nome)
• 1912 - Jules Massenet dies (b. 1842). French composer.
• 1912 - Salvador Luria was born (d. 1991). Biologist, Nobel Prize laureate.
• 1912 - Ben Hogan was born (d. 1997). Golf player.
• 1913 - Fred Davis was born (d. 1998). English snooker player.
• 1913 - Otto Witte, an acrobat, managed to get himself crowned King of Albania.
• 1913 - Invention of stainless steel by Harry Brearley.
• 1916 - Leão Penedo was born. Portuguese writer.
• 1917 - Eduard Buchner dies (b. 1860). German chemist, 1907 Nobel Prize laureate.
• 1918 - Women enlist in the United States Marine Corps for the first time. Opha Mae Johnson is the first woman to enlist.
• 1919 - George Shearing was born. Musician.
• 1920 - Neville Brand was born (d. 1992). Actor.
• 1920 - Polish-Soviet War: Battle of Warsaw begins, lasts till August 25. The Red Army is defeated.
• 1923 - First major sea-going ship arrives at Gdynia, newly constructed Polish seaport.
• 1926 - Fidel Castro was born. Revolutionary and politician.
• 1926 - Tony Bennett (Anthony Dominick Benedetto) was born. American singer.
• 1929 - Tigran Petrosian was born in Tblissi. Chess world champion (1963-1968).
• 1930 - Don Ho was born. Musician
• 1933 - Doctor Joycelyn Elders was born. United States Surgeon General
• 1935 - Jim (Mudcat) Grant was born. Baseball player
• 1937 - The Japanese attack Shanghai,China.
• 1940 - World War II: Battle of Britain begins - The Luftwaffe launches a series of attacks on British fighter bases and radar installations.
• 1940 - União Soviética anexa a Estónia
• 1941 - Erin Fleming was born (d. 2003). Actress.
• 1942 - Walt Disney's fifth animated feature, Bambi, premiers.
• 1946 - H. G. Wells dies (b. 1866). English writer.
• 1948 - Kathleen Battle was born. American soprano
• 1949 - Bobby Clarke was born. Hockey star
• 1951 - Dan Fogelberg was born. Singer
• 1952 - Herb Ritts was born (2004). Photographer.
• 1954 - Radio Pakistan broadcasts National Anthem of Pakistan for the first time.
• 1957 - Osama Bin Laden was born. Terrorist.
• 1958 - Otto Witte dies (b. 1868). Acrobat.
• 1959 - Danny Bonaduce was born. Actor
• 1960 - The Central African Republic declares independence from France.
• 1961 - The German Democratic Republic closes the border between the eastern and western sectors of Berlin, to thwart its inhabitants' attempts to escape to the West.
• 1962 - Miss Cleo was born. Television psychic
• 1962 - Gracia Querejeta was born. Spanish film director.
• 1964 - Gwynne Owen Evans and Peter Anthony Allen die : The last people to be executed in Great Britain. Murderers
• 1965 - Ikeda Hayato dies (b. 1899). Prime Minister of Japan
• 1967 - Amélie Nothomb was born. Belgian writer
• 1968 - Alexandros Panagoulis attempts to assassinate the Greek dictator Colonel G. Papadopoulos in Varkiza, Athens, Greece.
• 1969 - Midori Ito was born. Japanese figure skater.
• 1969 - Oscar Uriel was born. Mexican actor
• 1969 - Múcio Leão dies. Brazilian journalist and writer
• 1970 - Alan Shearer was born. English footballer
• 1973 - Zulfikar Ali Bhutto elected Prime Minister of Pakistan.
• 1975 - Joe Perry was born. English snooker play.
• 1978 - Un atentado con bomba en un edificio que alberga organizaciones palestinas en Beirut (Líbano) causa la muerte a mas de 175 personas.
• 1979 - The roof of the uncompleted Rosemont Horizon near Chicago, Illinois collapses, killing 5 workers and injuring 16.
• 1984 - Tigran Petrosian dies (b. 1929). Georgian chess player.
• 1987 - U.S. President Reagan assumes responsibility for his role in the Iran-Contra scandal.
• 1989 - Tim Richmond dies (b. 1955). American race car driver.
• 1991 - The SNES (Super Nintendo Entertainment System) debuts in the USA.
• 1994 - Elias Canetti dies (b. 1905). Bulgarian-born writer, Nobel Prize Laureate
• 1995 - O ciclista português Orlando Rodrigues, da equipa espanhola Artiach, vence a 57a Volta a Portugal em Bicicleta.
• 1995 - Mickey Mantle dies (b. 1931). Baseball Hall of Famer
• 1995 - Jan Křesadlo dies (b. 1926). Czech-born writer
• 1996 - Marc Dutroux, his wife Michelle Martin, and Michel Lelièvre are arrested on suspicion of kidnapping. All are found guilty on June 22, 2004, with sentences of life, 30, and 25 years, respectively.
• 1996 - David Tudor dies (b. 1926). Pianist and composer
• 1996 - Morte do militar e político português Marechal António de Spínola (Antonio Sebastião Ribeiro Spínola) (n. 11 Abr 1910). Foi Presidente da República entre 15 de Maio de 1974 e 30 de Setembro de 1974.
• 1997 - The popular, controversial animated series South Park debuts on Comedy Central.
• 2003 - Ed Townsend dies (b. 1929). Songwriter and producer
• 2004 - The 28th Summer Olympics opens in Athens, Greece
• 2004 - Hurricane Charley, a Category 4 storm, strikes the Fort Myers area in Florida.
• 2004 - Black Friday crackdown by NSS on a peaceful protest in the capital city of Maldives, Malé.
• 2004 - Julia Child dies (b. 1912). American chef and television personality Roman Empire - Vertumnalias in honor of Vertumnus
• 2004 - 156 Congolese Tutsi refugees massacred at the Gatumba refugee camp in Burundi.
• 2004 - Adam Curry's first Daily Source Code is created, launching podcasting.
• 2005 - David Lange dies (b. 1942). 32nd Prime Minister of New Zealand
• International Left-Handers Day
• Roman Catholicism - the feasts of St. Hippolytus, St. Cassian, St. John Berchmans, St. John Bosco, St. Radegund , St. Wigbert