On this day in History - Jul 27

• 1061 - Pope Nicholas II dies (or July 19)
• 1214 - Battle of Bouvines: In France, Philip II of France defeats John of England.
• 1276 - James I of Aragon dies (b. 1208)
• 1365 - Rudolf IV of Austria dies
• 1451 - Hernán Pérez del Pulgar was born. Spanish soldier and historian
• 1452 - Ludovico Sforza was born (d. 1508). Duke of Milan.
• 1469 - Battle of Edgecote Moor
• 1564 - Ferdinand I, Holy Roman Emperor dies
• 1663 - The British Parliament passes the second Navigation Act requiring that all goods bound for the American colonies have to be sent in English ships from English ports.
• 1667 - Johann Bernoulli was born (d. 1748). Swiss mathematician
• 1675 - Henri de la Tour d'Auvergne dies (b.1611). Vicomte de Turenne, Marshal of France.
• 1689 - Glorious Revolution: Battle of Killiecrankie ends
• 1694 - A Royal Charter is granted to the Bank of England.
• 1759 - Pierre Louis Maupertuis dies (b. 1698). French mathematician.
• 1768 - Charlotte Corday was born (d. 1793). French aristocrat who killed Jean-Paul Marat
• 1777 - Thomas Campbell is born in Glasgow. British poet. After Napoleon sentences the German publisher Johann Palm to death for printing subversive pamphlets, Campbell will give this toast at an authors' dinner: "To Napoleon"--murmurs of protest--"But, gentlemen, he once shot a publisher!"
• 1778 - American Revolution: First Battle of Ushant - British and French fleets fight to a standoff.
• 1781 - Mauro Giuliani was born (b. 1828). Italian composer.
• 1789 - The first U.S. federal government agency, the Department of Foreign Affairs, is established (later renamed Department of State).
• 1794 - French Revolution: Maximilien Robespierre is arrested after encouraging the execution of more than 17,000 "enemies of the Revolution." (See 9 Thermidor.)
• 1809 - O exército anglo-espanhol, comandado pelo general Wellesley, futuro duque de Wellington, e do general Cuesta, capitão-general da Extremadura espanhola, derrotam o exército francês comandado pelo marechal Victor.
• 1824 - Alexandre Dumas fils was born (d. 27 Nov 1895). French author (La Dame aux Camelias)
• 1833 - Thomas George Bonney was born (d. 1923). Geologist.
• 1835 - Giosue Carducci was born (d. 1907). Italian writer.
• 1837 - Francisco Manuel de Melo was born (d. 19 Apr 1903). Portuguese scientist, writer and noble ( 3º. Conde de Ficalho)
• ttp://www.arqnet.pt/dicionario/ficalho3c.html
  Conde de Ficalho, cientista português.
• 1841 - Mikhail Lermontov dies (b. 1814). Russian author.
• 1844 - John Dalton dies. English chemist
• 1844 - Guilbert de Pixerecourt dies in Nancy. French prolific dramatist.
• 1854 - Estanislao Zeballos was born. Argentinian professor and journalist who was founder of Instituto Geográfico Argentino and of Sociedad Científica Argentina.
• 1857 - José Celso Barbosa was born (d. 1921). Puerto Rican political leader.
• 1857 - Augusta Stowe-Gullen was born. Canadian physician and feminist
• 1861 - Cyrus H. Nusbaum, an American Methodist clergyman who penned the hymn,'Would You Live for Jesus, and Be Always Pure and Good?'
• 1861 - Union Gen. George B. McClellan was put in command of the Army of the Potomac.
• 1863 - William Lowndes Yancey dies. American Confederate leader
• 1865 - Welsh settlers arrive in Argentina at Chubut Valley.
• 1866 - The Atlantic Cable is successfully completed, allowing transatlantic telegraph communication for the first time.
• 1866 - Antonio Jose de Almeida was born. 6th President of Portugal / Nascimento de António José de Almeida em Vale da Vinha, Penacova (d. 1929). Presidente da República Portuguesa, eleito em 1919.
• 1867 - Enrique Granados was born (d. 1916). Spanish composer.
• 1870 - Hilaire Belloc was born (d. 16 Jul 1953). French-born English historian, biographer and novelist.
• 1877 - Ernst von Dohnanyi was born (d. 1960). Hungarian composer and conductor
• 1880 - Donald Crisp was born. Scottish actor (How Green Was My Valley, Pollyana)
• 1880 - Joseph Tinker was born. Baseball Hall of Famer, 1/3 of fame double play combo
• 1881 - Hans Fischer was born (d. 1945). German chemist, Nobel Prize laureate.
• 1882 - Geoffrey de Havilland was born (d. 21 May 1965). British aircraft designer.
• 1886 - Ernst May was born (d. 1970). German architect.
• 1890 - Vincent William Van Gogh, com 37 anos, atira em seu próprio peito. Dois dias depois morrerá deixando cerca de 800 pinturas e uma centena de desenhos.
• 1894 - António de Cértima was born in Oiã, Oliveira do Bairro (d. 20 Oct 1983). Portuguese poet, novelist and diplomat.
• 1900 - Charles Vidor was born (d. 4 Jun 1959). Hungarian-born motion-picture director
• 1903 - Nikolai Cherkasov was born (d. 1966). Russian actor.
• 1904 - Isaac Bashevis Singer was born (d. 1991). Writer, recipient of the Nobel Prize in Literature.
• 1905 - Leo Durocher was born (d. 7 Oct 1991). Baseball Hall of Famer.
• 1908 - Joseph Mitchell was born. American writer
• 1912 - Hilde Domin was born. Writer.
• 1912 - Igor Markevitch was born. Russian musician.
• 1913 - Vittorio Sereni was born. Italian poet, author, editor, and translator known for his lyric verse and translations into Italian of works by Pierre Corneille, Guillaume Apollinaire, Paul Valery, Rene Char, Albert Camus, Ezra Pound, and William Carlos Williams
• 1915 - Mario Del Monaco was born (d. 1982). Italian tenor.
• 1916 - Elizabeth Hardwick was born. Novelist
• 1916 - Keenan Wynn was born (d. 1986). American actor.
• 1917 - Bourvil was born (d. 1970). French actor.
• 1917 - Emil Theodor Kocher dies (b. 1841). Surgeon and biologist.
• 1918 - Leonard Rose was born (d. 1984). American cellist.
• 1921 - Researchers at the University of Toronto led by biochemist Frederick Banting announce the discovery of the hormone insulin.
• 1922 - Norman Lear was born. Emmy Award-winning producer : All in the Family [1970-1971, 1971-1972, 1972-1973], Maude, Good Times, Sanford & Son, Powers that Be, The Nancy Walker Show, The Jeffersons, Hot L Baltimore, Fernwood 2-Night
• 1922 - Adolfo Celi was born (d. 1986). Italian actor.
• 1924 - 8th Olympic games closes in Paris
• 1924 - Vincent Canby was born (d. 2000I). Film critic.
• 1924 - Ferruccio Busoni dies (b. 1866). Italian pianist and composer.
• 1926 - Frank O'Hara was born (d. 25 Jul 1966). American poet and art critic
• 1927 - Gisèle Halimi was born. French feminist.
• 1928 - Tich Freeman becomes only bowler ever to take 200 first-class wickets before end of July.
• 1929 - Jean Baudrillard was born. French sociologist and writer.
• 1931 - Jerry Van Dyke was born. Actor
• 1937 - 32nd Davis Cup: USA beats Great Britain in Wimbledon (4-1)
• 1938 - Isabelle Aubret was born. French singer
• 1938 - Gary Gygax was born. Creator of DnD
• 1939 - Manuel Vázquez Montalbán was born. Spanish writer and journalist.
• 1940 - Pina Bausch was born. German dancer, choreographer and ballet director.
• 1940 - Bugs Bunny makes his official debut in the animated cartoon A Wild Hare.
• 1941 - Japanese troops occupy French Indo-China.
• 1944 - Tony Capstick was born (d. 2003). English comedian.
• 1944 - Jean-Marie Leblanc was born. French cyclist
• 1946 - Gertrude Stein dies (b. 1874). American writer and cult figure.
• 1946 - Susan Glaspell dies in the town of Provincetown. Co-founder of the influential Provincetown Players .
• 1946 - Rade Šerbedžija was born. Croatian-born, Serbian actor
• 1947 - Betty Thomas was born. American actor and film director
• 1947 - The World Water Ski Organization was founded in Geneva, Switzerland.
• 1948 - Peggy Fleming was born. Figure skater
• 1949 - Maureen McGovern was born. Singer and actress
• 1949 - Initial flight of the de Havilland Comet, the first jet-powered airliner.
• 1952 - Roxanne Hart was born. Actress
• 1953 - Korean War ends: The United States, People's Republic of China, North Korea, and South Korea sign an armistice agreement at Panmunjom, ending three years of fighting
• 1954 - Peter L. Allen was born. Actor and musician
• 1955 - The Allied occupation of Austria stemming from World War II, ends (started on May 9, 1945).
• 1957 - Bill Engvall was born. Comedian
• 1958 - Claire Chennault dies. French World War II pilot
• 1964 - Vietnam War: 5,000 more American military advisers are sent to South Vietnam bringing the total number of United States forces in Vietnam to 21,000.
• 1965 - José Luis Félix Chilavert was born. Paraguayan football player (goalkeeper)
• 1967 - Juliana Hatfield was born. Musician
• 1967 - Kellie Waymire was born (d. 2003). Actress.
• 1968 - Cliff Curtis was born. New Zealand actor
• 1968 - Pink Floyd releases the album A Saucerful of Secrets in the USA.
• 1968 - Jorge Salinas was born. Mexican actor.
• 1969 - Maria Grazia Cucinotta was born. Italian actress (The World Is Not Enough, Maria Maddalena, Picking Up the Pieces, Just One Night )
• 1969 - Triple H was born. Professional wrestler.
• 1970 - António de Oliveira Salazar dies (n. 1889). Portuguese dictator.
• 1972 - Jill Arrington was born. Sports reporter
• 1974 - Eason Chan was born. Hong Kong pop singer
• 1974 - Watergate Scandal: The House of Representatives Judiciary Committee votes 27 to 11 to recommend the first article of impeachment against President Richard Nixon: obstruction of justice.
• 1975 - Shea Hillenbrand was born. Baseball player
• 1975 - Alex Rodriguez was born. Baseball player
• 1977 - Jonathan Rhys-Meyers was born. Actor
• 1978 - Portuguese President Ramalho Eanes fires premier Mário Soares
• 1979 - Shannon Moore was born. Professional wrestler
• 1980 - Mohammed Reza Pahlavi dies. Shah of Iran
• 1981 - William Wyler dies. Film director
• 1981 - British television: On Coronation Street, Ken Barlow marries Deirdre Langton, which proves to be a national event, with massive viewer numbers earned for the show.
• 1982 - Seychelles coup leader guilty of hijack : Mercenary leader Colonel 'Mad Mike' Hoare is found guilty of hijacking a plane to escape from a failed coup in the Seychelles.
• 1984 - James Mason dies. English actor.
• 1984 - George Gallup dies (b. 18 Nov 1901). American public opinion statistician, pioneer in the field of public opinion polling (Gallup poll).
• 1985 - Olara Okello takes place as President of Uganda after staged a coup d'état against Milton Obote's government. See list of Presidents of Uganda.
• 1986 - Greg Lemond is 1st American to win Tour de France
• 1988 - Uma nova Constituição é aprovada no Brasil com grandes inovações.
• 1990 - Rosa Chacel dies. Spanish writer.
• 1991 - Portugal wins the World Championship in Roller Hokey
• 1991 - Bryan Adams’ (Everything I Do) I Do It For You hit #1 on the Billboard Hot 100. It topped the pop chart for 7 straight weeks.
• 1993 - Javier Sotomayor jumps world record 2.45 m high
• 1993 - Luis de Sttau Monteiro dies. Portuguese writer and dramatist (Portuguese titles: "Angústia para o Jantar"; "Felizmente há luar")
• 1993 - Reggie Lewis dies. Basketball star
• 1995 - In Washington, DC, the Korean War Veterans Memorial is dedicated.
• 1996 - Centennial Olympic Park bombing: In Atlanta, Georgia, a pipe bomb explodes at Centennial Olympic Park during the 1996 Summer Olympics, killing one and injuring 111.
• 1997 - Si Zerrouk massacre in Algeria; about 50 people killed.
• 1997 - Jan Ullrich, 23 year old is the first German to win the Tour de France.
• 1998 - Vasco Rafael dies. Portuguese fadist.
• 1999 - 21 die in a canyoning disaster near Interlaken, Switzerland.
• 1999 - Harry Sweets Edison dies. American trumpetist.
• 1999 - Aleksandr Danilovich Aleksandrov dies (b. 1912). Russian mathematician, physicist, philosopher, and mountaineer.
• 2001 - A judge in West Palm Beach, Fla., sentenced 14-year-old Nathaniel Brazill to 28 years in prison for fatally shooting teacher Barry Grunow.
• 2001 - Leon Wilkeson dies. American guitarist (Lynyrd Skynyrd)
• 2002 - Ukraine airshow disaster: A Sukhoi Su-27 fighter crashes during an air show at Lviv, Ukraine killing 85 and injuring more than 100 others, the largest air show disaster in history.
• 2003 - Vance Hartke dies. U.S. Senator from Indiana.
• 2003 - Bob Hope dies (b. 1903). English-born entertainer.
• 2004 - Jürgen Klinsmann is announced as the new manager of the German National team in football.
• 2005 - Marten Toonder dies (b. 1912). Dutch comic writer.
• Cuba- Revolution Day, 2nd Day
• Maldives - Independence Day, 2nd Day
• Vietnam - Memorial Day for War Martyrs
• Ancient Latvia - Septinu Guletaju Diena held