On this day in History - Mar. 28

• 0193 - Pertinax is assassinated by Praetorian Guards, who then sells the throne in an auction to Didius Julianus (b. 0126). Roman Emperor.
• 0364 - Roman Emperor Valentinian I appoints his brother Flavius Valens co-emperor.
• 0845 - Paris is sacked by Viking raiders, probably under Ragnar Lodbrok, who collects a huge ransom in exchange for leaving.
• 1239 - Emperor Go-Toba of Japan dies (b. 1180)
• 1285 - Pope Martin IV dies (b. c. 1210).
• 1472 - Fra Bartolommeo was born (d. 1517). Italian artist, a prominent exponent of the High Renaissance style in early 16th-century Florence whose works include God the Father with SS. Catherine of Siena and Mary Magdalene (1509).
• 1483 - Raphael was born in Urbino. Italian painter and architect. Rebuilt St Peters
• 1496 - Mary Tudor was born (d. 1533). Queen of Louis XII of France.
• 1515 - Saint Teresa of Avila, Teresa de Jesus (St. Theresa) was born. Spanish Carmelite nun, mystic writer, saint and poet.
• 1522 - Albert the Warlike was born (d. 1557). Prince of Bayreuth.
• 1556 - Philip II, Charles V's son, was crowned king of Spain.
• 1563 - Heinrich Glarean dies (b. 1488). Swiss music theorist.
• 1566 - Sigismund von Herberstein dies (b. 1486). Austrian diplomat and historian.
• 1569 - Ranuccio Farnese I was born (d. 1622). Duke of Parma.
• 1592 - Jan Ámos Komenský (Comenius) was born (d. 1670). Czech writer, educator and bishop of Unity of the Brethren
• 1599 - Witte Corneliszoon de With was born (d. 1658). Dutch naval officer.
• 1609 - King Frederick III of Denmark was born (d. 1670).
• 1652 - Samuel Sewall was born (d. 1730). English-born judge.
• 1660 - George I was born. King of Great Britain.
• 1673 - Adam Pijnacker was biried. Dutch landscape painter and etcher.
• 1677 - Wenzel Hollar dies (b. 13 Jul 1607). Bohemian etcher whose works are a rich source of information about the 17th century.
• 1687 - Constantijn Huygens dies (b. 1596). Dutch diplomat, poet and composer (Bluebottles).
• 1698 - Mombaça foi conquistada pelos árabes .
• 1712 - Foi proibido o envio de degredados para o Brasil.
• 1725 - Andrew Kippis was born (d. 1795). English non-conformist clergyman and biographer.
• 1737 - Francesco Zanetti was born. Composer.
• 1749 - Morte de Manuel de Azevedo Fortes, engenheiro-mor do Reino, e matemático .
• 1760 - Thomas Clarkson was born. American abolicionist.
• 1766 - Joseph Weigl was born. Austrian composer and conductor (Emmeline).
• 1776 - Juan Bautista de Anza finds the site for the Presidio of San Francisco.
• 1791 - Um alvará anunciou a abertura de diversas estradas no reino português, incluindo a que ligaria Lisboa ao Porto.
• 1793 - Henry Rowe Schoolcraft was born (d. 10 Dec 1864). American explorer and ethnologist noted for his discovery of the source of the Mississippi River (1832) in a lake in northern Minnesota which he named Lake Itasca, from the Latin words caput (head) and veritas (true).
• 1794 - Marquis de Condorcet dies (b. 1743). French mathematician, pilosopher, and political scientist.
• 1794 - Allies under the prince of Coburg defeated French forces at Le Cateau.
• 1795 - Partitions of Poland: The Duchy of Courland, a northern fief of the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth, ceases to exist and becomes part of Imperial Russia.
• 1797 - Nathaniel Briggs of New Hampshire patented a device we commonly call the washing machine.
• 1798 - António de Araújo de Azevedo, diplomata português preso pelas autoridades da República francesa, é expulso de França.
• 1802 - Heinrich Wilhelm Matthäus Olbers discovers 2 Pallas, the second asteroid known to man.
• 1809 - Battle of Medelin
• 1810 - Alexandre Herculano was born. Portuguese writer (d. 14 Sep 1877) / Nascia o escritor Alexandre Herculano (m. 14 Set 1877). Historiador, poeta e romancista, preocupou-se sempre com a reconstituição histórica. Foi também um dos grandes nomes do Romantismo português.
• 1819 - Sir Joseph Bazalgette was born (d. 15 Mar 1891). English civil engineer who designed the main drainage system for London.
• 1828 - William Thornton dies (b. 20 May 1759). British-born American architect, inventor, and public official, best known as the creator of the original design for the Capitol at Washington, D.C.
• 1834 - For the first time in history, The United States Senate censures a President declaring that Andrew Jackson inappropriately removed federal deposits from the Second Bank of the United States.
• 1837 - Willy Kühne was born (d. 10 June 1900). German physiologist known for his researches on vision and the chemical changes occurring in the retina under the influence of light.
• 1849 - Stephan Endlicher dies (b. 24 Jun 1804). Austrian botanist who formulated a major system of plant classification.
• 1851 - Bernardino Machado was born (d. 1944). Portuguese President.
• 1854 - Crimean War: United Kingdom and France declare war on Russia.
• 1860 - First Taranaki War: The Battle of Waireka broke out.
• 1862 - American Civil War: Battle of Glorieta Pass - In New Mexico, Union forces succeed in stopping the Confederate invasion of New Mexico territory. The battle began on March 26.
• 1862 - Aristide Briand was born (d. 1932). French politician, premier of France, winner of the Nobel Prize in peace 1926.
• 1866 - The first hospital ambulance went into service.
• 1868 - Maxim Gorky was born (d. 1936). Russian author.
• 1868 - James Thomas Brudenell, 7th Earl of Cardigan dies (b. 1797). British military leader
• 1870 - George Henry Thomas dies (b.1816). American general.
• 1871 - The Paris Commune is formally established in Paris.
• 1871 - Willem Mengelberg was born (d. 1951). Dutch conductor.
• 1874 - Peter Andreas Hansen dies (b. 8 Dec 1795). Danish astronomer whose most important work was the improvement of the theories and tables of the orbits of the principal bodies in the solar system .
• 1878 - Willem Mengelberg was born (d. 1951). Dutch conductor.
• 1881 - Modest Mussorgsky dies (b. 1839). Russian composer.
• 1885 - The Salvation Army was officially organized in the U.S.
• 1886 - Jarosla Novotny was born. Composer.
• 1887 - Nace en Lérida (España) el pintor de tipos populares, de aire primitivista, Miguel Antonio Viladrich. (m. 5 Jul de 1956 en Buenos Aires).
• 1890 - Paul Whiteman was born (d. 29 Dec 1967). Bandleader “King of Jazz” for popularizing a musical style that helped to introduce jazz to mainstream audiences during the 1920s and '30s (Washboard Blues, Ol’ Man River, Felix the Cat, Heartache, Ain’t Misbehavin’).
• 1892 - Corneille Heymans was born (d. 18 Jul 1968). Belgian physiologist who received the Nobel Prize for Physiology or Medicine in 1938 for his discovery of the regulatory effect on respiration of sensory organs associated with the carotid artery in the neck and with the aortic arch leading from the heart.
• 1895 - Spencer W. Kimball was born (d.1985). President of The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints.
• 1897 - Victor Mills was born (d. 1 Nov 1997). American chemical engineer who invented Pampers disposable diapers.
• 1897 - Sepp Herberger was born (d. 1977). German football coach.
• 1899 - Harold B. Lee was born (d. 1973). President of The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints (d. 1973).
• 1899 - Gussie Busch was born. Brewer.
• 1899 - Guglielmo Marconi first sent a wireless telegraph message between England and Europe.
• 1902 - Dame Flora Robson was born (d. 1984). English actress.
• 1902 - Jaromír Vejvoda was born (d. 1988). Czech composer.
• 1903 - Rudolf Serkin was born (d. 1991). Austrian pianist.
• 1903 - Charles Starrett was born (d. 1986). American actor.
• 1903 - Jean-Maurice-Émile Baudot dies (b. 11 Sep 1845). French engineer who, in 1874, received a patent on a telegraph code that by the mid-20th century had supplanted Morse Code as the most commonly used telegraphic alphabet.
• 1904 - Werner Bahlsen was born (d. 1985). Biscuit producer.
• 1905 - Marlin Perkins was born (d. 1986). American naturalist and television host
• 1905 - The radio fax was patented in the U.S. by Cornelius Ehret of Rosemont, Pennsylvania. His device was called "a system for transmitting intelligence." However, faxing did not become a practical mode of communication until the 1920s, and high-speed faxes were not available until the 1940s.
• 1909 - Nelson Algren was born (d. 1981). American writer.
• 1910 - Frederick Baldwin Adams, Jr. was born (d. 2001). Bibliophile and director of the Pierpont Morgan Library.
• 1910 - Jimmie Dodd was born (d. 1964). American television actor.
• 1910 - Queen Ingrid of Denmark was born (d. 2000)
• 1910 - Henri Fabre becomes the first person to fly a seaplane after taking off from a water runway near Martigues, France.
• 1910 - The first seaplane took off from Martigues near Marseilles, France, designed by Frenchman Henri Fabre.
• 1910 - David Josiah Brewer dies (b. 1837). U.S. Supreme Court justice.
• 1910 - Edouard Judas Colonne dies (b. 1838). French violinist.
• 1913 - Guatemala becomes a signatory to the Buenos Aires copyright treaty.
• 1914 - Edmund Muskie was born (d. 1996). American politician.
• 1915 - Jay Livingston was born (d. 2001). American composer and songwriter.
• 1917 - The Women’s Army Auxiliary Corps (WAAC) was founded, these were Great Britain’s first official service women.
• 1920 - Actors Douglas Fairbanks, Sr. and Mary Pickford marry.
• 1920 - Thomas Masaryk was elected president of Czechoslovakia.
• 1921 - Dirk Bogarde was born (d. 08 May 1999). English actor (Death in Venice, The Vision, A Bridge Too Far, ...).
• 1922 - Microfilm - Bradley A. Fiske of Washington, D.C., patented a microfilm reading device.
• 1924 - Freddie Bartholomew was born (d.1992). Irish actor.
• 1925 - Wilhelm Körner dies (b. 20 Apr 1839). German organic chemist who in 1874 showed how to determine the relative positions of two substituents, such as methyl, on the benzene ring.
• 1928 - Alexandre Grothendieck was born. German-French mathematician who was awarded the Fields Medal in 1966 for his work in algebraic geometry.
• 1928 - Zbigniew Brzezinski was born. U.S. National Security Advisor
• 1929 - Democratic constitution goes into effect in Ecuador .
• 1930 - Jerome Isaac Friedman was born. American physicist who, together with Richard E. Taylor and Henry W. Kendall, received the Nobel Prize for Physics in 1990 for their joint experimental confirmation of the fundamental particles known as quarks.
• 1930 - Constantinople and Angora change their names to Istanbul and Ankara.
• 1932 - Fundação do Real Zaragoza Club de Fútbol .
• 1935 - Rocketry - Goddard used gyroscopes to control a rocket.
• 1935 - Michael Parkinson was born. British broadcaster and talk show host.
• 1936 - Mario Vargas Llosa was born. Peruvian author and politician (Aunt Julia and the Scriptwriter, Death in the Andes
• 1939 - Spanish Civil War: Generalissimo Francisco Franco, leader of the Nationalist forces captured the capital city of Madrid en route to his overthrow of the democratic Spanish republic.
• 1941 - World War II: Battle of Cape Matapan - In the Mediterranean Sea, British Admiral Andrew Browne Cunningham leads the Royal Navy in the destruction of three major Italian battleships and two destroyers.
• 1941 - Jim Turner was born. American football player.
• 1941 - Virginia Woolf commits suicide by drowning threwing herself into the River Ouse near her home in Sussex. Her body was never found (b. 1882). British novelist, essayist and critic .
• 1942 - Neil Kinnock was born. British statesman.
• 1942 - Mike Newell was born. British film director.
• 1942 - Conrad Schumann was born (d. 1998). East German border guard.
• 1942 - Jerry Sloan was born. American basketball coach.
• 1942 - World War II: In occupied France, British naval forces raid the German-occupied port of St. Nazaire.
• 1942 - Miguel Hernández dies (b. 1910). Spanish poet, death in prison.
• 1943 - Sergei Rachmaninoff dies in Beverly Hills, California (b. 1873). Russian composer and pianist.
• 1944 - Rick Barry was born. American basketball player.
• 1944 - Ken Howard was born. American actor.
• 1945 - The last V2 German rocket of World War II falls on London
• 1946 - Cold War: The United States State Department releases the Acheson-Lilienthal Report, outlining a plan for the international control of nuclear power. ~
• 1946 - Alejandro Toledo was born. President of Peru.
• 1947 - The last episode of the Buck Rogers in the 25th Century airs on radio.
• 1948 - Dianne Weist was born. American Academy Award-winning actress: Hannah and Her Sisters [1986]; Bullets over Broadway, Radio Days, Edward Scissorhands, Little Man Tate, Footloose).
• 1949 - Josephine Chaplin was born in Santa Monica, California, USA. Actress.
• 1949 - Grigoraş Dinicu dies (b. 1889). Romanian composer and violinist.
• 1951 - Karen Kain was born. Canadian ballerina .
• 1953 - Melchior Ndadaye was born (d. 1993). First President of Burundi.
• 1953 - Nydia Velázquez was born in Yabucoa, Puerto Rico. Politician. VER
• 1953 - Jim Thorpe dies (b. 1887). American athlete.
• 1955 - Reba McEntire was born. American country music singer and actress.
• 1955 - John Alderdice was born. Northern Irish politician.
• 1956 - April Margera was born. Bam Margera's mother
• 1956 - Nascimento em São Paulo - SP, Brasil, de Zizi Possi (Maria Izildinha Possi), cantora da MPB.
• 1958 - W.C. Handy dies (b. 1873). American composer.
• 1958 - Curt Hennig was born (d. 2003). American professional wrestler.
• 1958 - Elisabeth Andreassen was born. Scandinavian singer.
• 1959 - China dissolved Tibet's government and installed Panchen Lama 11 days after Tibet uprising.
• 1960 - Chris Barrie was born. British actor.
• 1961 - Byron Scott was born. American basketball player
• 1962 - Jure Franko, was born. Slovenian alpine skier.
• 1964 - The first pirate radio station, Radio Caroline, is established.
• 1965 - Thousands join Dr King in Alabama rally Martin Luther King leads protests to the steps of the state capital of Montgomery in Alabama.
• 1968 - Iris Chang was born (d. 2004). American author
• 1968 - Nasser Hussain was born. English cricketer.
• 1969 - In London, Ringo Starr announces that there will be no more public appearances by the Beatles.
• 1969 - Dwight D. Eisenhower dies (b. 1890) U.S. General of the Army, 34th President of the United States .
• 1970 - Vince Vaughn was born. American actor.
• 1970 - Joe Cocker played his first American concert. He entertained fans at Bill Graham’s Fillmore East in New York City.
• 1971 - Mr. Cheeks was born. American rapper
• 1974 - Mark King was born. English snooker player.
• 1974 - Scott Mills was born. Radio 1 DJ.
• 1975 - Richard Kelly was born. American film director.
• 1977 - Portugal pede formalmente a sua integração na Comunidade Económica Europeia (CEE).
• 1977 - 49th Academy Awards - "Rocky," Peter Finch and Faye Dunaway win .
• 1977 - Devon was born. Pornographic film actress .
• 1978 - US Supreme Court hands down 5-3 decision in Stump v. Sparkman, 435 U.S. 349, a controversial case involving involuntary sterilization and judicial immunity.
• 1978 - Dino Ciani dies (b. 1941). Italian pianist.
  1979 - Early election as Callaghan defeated Prime Minister James Callaghan loses a parliamentary vote of confidence by a minority of one - forcing him to call an early general election.
• 1979 - In Pennsylvania, a pump in the reactor cooling system fails at Three Mile Island, resulting in the evaporation of some contaminated water causing a nuclear meltdown.
• 1979 - Emmett Kelly dies (b. 1898). American circus clown (Weary Willy)
• 1980 - Luke Walton was born. NBA player.
• 1980 - Dick Haymes dies (b. 1918). Argentine-born singer.
• 1981 - Julia Stiles was born. American actress.
• 1982 - William Giauque dies (b.12 May 1895). Canadian-born American physical chemist and winner of the Nobel Prize for Chemistry in 1949 for his studies of the properties of matter at temperatures close to absolute zero.
• 1982 - Voters in El Salvador went to the polls for a constituent assembly election that resulted in victory for the Christian Democrats, led by President Jose Napoleon Duarte.
• 1985 - Marc Chagall dies at 97. French painter. / Morre o pintor Marc Chagall, em St. Paul de Vence, França (n. 7 Jul 1887).
• 1985 - Fallece en Buenos Aires el poeta, ensayista, pintor, ceramista y traductor Lysandro Z.D. Galtier ( "Luz de pampa" , "Penumbra lúcida" y ensayo "Carlos de Soussens y la bohemia porteña"). Nació en 6 Out 1901.
• 1987 - Maria Augusta von Trapp dies. Austrian-born singer (Trapp Family Singers)
• 1987 - Patrick Troughton dies (b. 1920). British actor.
• 1990 - President George H. W. Bush presents Jesse Owens with the Congressional Gold Medal.
• 1993 - Chinese Premier Li Peng won a second term.
• 1993 - Alfredo Hlito dies in Buenos Aires (b. 1923). Argentine vanguardist painter
• 1993 - 13th Golden Raspberry Awards: Shining Through wins .
• 1994 - Silvio Berlusconi foi eleito primeiro-ministro italiano .
• 1994 - In South Africa, Zulus and African National Congress supporters battle in central Johannesburg resulting in eighteen deaths.
1994 - Eugène Ionesco dies (b.1912) . Playwright.
• 1995 - World's largest bank-Japan's Mitsubishi Bank and Bank of Tokyo merge.
• 1995 - Hugh O'Connor dies (b. 1962). American actor.
• 1996 - Angelina Jolie gets married with Jonny Lee Miller.
• 1999 - Paraguay's President Raúl Cubas Grau resigned after protests inspired by the assassination of Vice-President Luis María Argaña on March 23. The nation's Congress had accused Cubas and his political associate, Gen. Lino César Oviedo, for Cubas' murder. Senate President Luis González Macchi took office as Paraguay's new chief executive.
• 1999 - Venus Williams beat kid sister Serena 6-1, 4-6, 6-4 to win the Lipton Championships in the first all-sister women's final in 115 years.
• 2000 - Anthony Powell dies (b.1905) . British novelist.
• 2001 - Moe Koffman dies (b, 1928). Canadian musician.
• 2002 - The exhibit "The Italians: Three Centuries of Italian Art" opens at the National Gallery of Australia.
• 2003 - In Hong Kong at least 58 more people became sick with symptoms of SARS. 11 Hong Kong deaths were on the disease.
• 2004 - Art James dies (b. 1929). American game show host.
• 2004 - Peter Ustinov dies in Genolier, Vaud, Switzerland (b. 16 Apr 1921). English actor "Quo Vadis".
• 2005 - The 2005 Sumatran earthquake rocks Indonesia, and at magnitude 8.7 is the second strongest earthquake since 1960.