On this day in History - Mar. 18

• 0037 - The Roman Senate annuls Tiberius' will and proclaims Caligula emperor.
• 0417 - St Zosimus begins his reign as Catholic Pope .
• 0731 - St Gregory III begins his reign as Catholic Pope .
• 0978 - King Edward the Martyr of England, dies (b. c. 962) .
• 1227 - Pope Honorius III dies .
• 1229 - Frederick II, Holy Roman Emperor declares himself King of Jerusalem during the Sixth Crusade.
• 1314 - Morte de Jacques DeMolay, destemido Cavaleiro da Ordem dos Templários, em Paris-França.
• 1395 - John Holland, 2nd Duke of Exeter was born (d. 1447). English military leader.
• 1438 - Albert II of Habsburg becomes King of Germany.
• 1483 - Raphael (Raffaello Sanzio de Urbino) was born. Italian painter (Sistine Madonna) .
• 1555 - François, Duke of Anjou was born (d. 1584)
• 1584 - Ivan IV of Russia the terrible, dies at 53. Russian tsar (1547-84).
• 1590 - Manuel de Faria e Sousa was born (d. 1649). Portuguese historian and poet
• 1603 - Simon Bradstreet was born (d. 1693). Massachusetts Bay colonist.
• 1603 - John IV of Portugal was born / Nasce o Rei D. João IV de Portugal .
• 1608 - Sissinios formally crowned Emperor of Ethiopia
• 1634 - Marie-Madeleine Pioche de la Vergne, comtesse de la Fayette was born (d. 1693). French writer.
• 1640 - Philippe de la Hire was born (d. 1719). French mathematician and astronomer.
• 1657 - Giuseppe Ottavio Pitoni was born (d. 1743). Italian composer.
• 1673 - John Berkeley, 1st Baron Berkeley of Stratton sells his part of New Jersey to the Quakers.
• 1679 - Matthew Decker was born (d. 1759). English merchant and writer.
• 1685 - Ralph Ersine was born (d. 1752). Scottish minister.
• 1690 - Christian Goldbach was born (d. 1764). Prussian mathematician.
• 1701 - Niclas Sahlgren was born (d. 1776). Swedish merchant and philanthropist.
• 1745 - Sir Robert Walpole dies (b. 1676). Prime Minister of Britain.
• 1754 - Duke of Newcastle becomes English premier .
• 1766 - American Revolution: The British Parliament repeals the Stamp Act, which was very unpopular in the British colonies.
• 1766 - O Acto Declarativo afirma o direito, entre outros, de a Inglaterra lançar impostos sobre as colónias americanas, apesar de anteriormente no mesmo mês o Parlamento inglês ter revogado o Acto do Selo por 275 votos contra 161.
• 1768 - Lawrence Sterne dies . Writer (Sentimental Journey France & Italy).
• 1769 - Em Portugal, é promulgada a Lei da Boa Razão, a qual dá ao direito subsidiário uma nova dimensão no preenchimento das lacunas existentes no campo do direito privado.
• 1780 - Milos Obrenovic was born (d. 1860). Leader of The Second Serbian Uprsing and Prince of Serbia.
• 1782 - John Calhoun was born (d. 1850). Vice President of the United States.
• 1793 - 2nd Battle at Neerwinden: Austria army beats France.
• 1813 - Christian Friedrich Hebbel was born (d. 1864). German writer.
• 1828 - William Randal Cremer was born (d. 1908). English politician and pacifist, recipient of the Nobel Peace Prize
• 1835 - Christian Gunther von Bernstorff dies (b. 1767). Danish and Prussian statesman and diplomat.
• 1837 - Grover Cleveland was born (d. 1908). President of the United States
• 1838 - Sir William Randal Cremer was born. English pacifist Nobel Prize for Peace in 1903.
• 1840 - William Cosmo Monkhouse was born (d. 1901). English poet, critic.
• 1842 - Stéphane Mallarmé was born (d. 1898). French poet.
• 1842 - Nasceu o poeta francês Stéphane Mallarmé .
• 1844 - Nikolai Rimsky-Korsakov, was born (d. 21 Jun 1908). Russian composer (Scheherazade, Song of India, The Flight of the Bumblebee).
• 1850 - American Express is founded by Henry Wells & William Fargo.
• 1856 - La Paz de París pone fin a la Guerra de Crimea.
• 1858 - Rudolf Diesel, was born (d. 1913). German inventor of the compression ignition engine.
• 1861 - Tras diecisiete años de independencia, la ex-colonia de Santo Domingo vuelve a pertenecer a España.
• 1865 - American Civil War: The Congress of the Confederate States of America adjourns for the last time.
• 1865 - Fusilamiento del patriota mexicano Romero, juzgado por un consejo de guerra francés.
• 1869 - Neville Chamberlain, was born ( Prime Minister of the United Kingdom (d. 1940) .
• 1870 - Estreia no Scala de Milan a ópera "O guarani", do compositor brasileiro Carlos Gomes .
• 1870 - Joaquín y Garbayo Gaztambide, Spanish composer, dies at 48 .
• 1871 - Início do movimento revolucionário conhecido pelo nome de Comuna de Paris.
• 1871 - President of the French government Thiers orders evacuation of Paris, a socialist government rules the city.
• 1872 - Anna Held was born, Polish actress and singer, (d. 1918) .
• 1874 - Hawaii signs a treaty with the United States granting exclusive trading rights.
• 1877 - Edgar Cayce, was born, American psychic (d. 1945) .
• 1879 - Foi fundado o Ginásio Clube Português .
• 1882 - Gian Francesco Malipiero was born (d. 1973). Italian composer .
• 1886 - Edward Everett Horton was born (d. 1970). American actor.
• 1897 - Criação das Escolas Normais, para habilitação de professores da instrução primária.
• 1898 - Jake Swirbul, American aircraft manufacturer (d. 1960)
• 1899 - Jean Goldkette,was born. Greek-born jazz musician (d. 1962).
• 1900 - Ajax Amsterdam Football Club is founded.
• 1900 - António Nobre dies (b. 1867). Portuguese poet (Só [Lonely]) / Morreu o poeta português António Nobre (n. 16 Ago 1867) .
• 1903 - As ordens religiosas são abolidas em França.
• 1903 - O. E. Plauen was born († 1944) . Illustrator and cartoonist
• 1904 - Srečko Kosovel was born († 1926). Slovenian poet
• 1905 - Thomas Townsend Brown was born († 1985). American scientist
• 1905 - Robert Donat was born († 1958). English actor
• 1909 - Einar Dessau uses a short-wave radio transmitter becoming the first to broadcast as a ham radio operator.
• 1910 - Chiang Ching-kuo was born († 1988). President of the Republic of China .
• 1911 - Portugal: Criação do Arquivo Nacional da Torre do Tombo.
• 1913 - George I of Greece is assassinated.
• 1914 - Nascimento de Guerra Peixe (César Guerra-Peixe), compositor erudito moderno, em Petrópolis-RJ.
• 1915 - World War I: Three battleships are sunk during a failed British & French naval attack on the Dardanelles.
• 1915 - Richard Condon was born († 1996). American novelist
• 1918 - Al Benton was born († 1968) . American baseball player
• 1918 - Bob Broeg was born († 2005). American sports writer.
• 1919 - Valencia C.F. , spanish club, is founded
• 1921 - The second Peace of Riga between Poland and Soviet Union. Despite the recent Polish successes, Soviets annex Ukraine and Belarus. Government of Ukraine emigrates to France. Famine kills millions of Russians.
• 1922 - In India, Mohandas Gandhi is sentenced to six years in prison for civil disobedience. He would serve only 2 years.
• 1922 - The first public celebration of Bat mitzvah, for the daughter of Mordecai Kaplan, is held in New York City.
• 1922 - Egon Bahr was born. German politician
  1925 - The Tri-State Tornado hits the Midwestern states of Missouri, Illinois, and Indiana, killing 695 people.
• 1926 - Augusto Abelaira was born. Portuguese writer.
• 1926 - Peter Graves was born. American actor (Mission Impossible, The Winds of War, Airplane, Airplane 2, Stalag 17, The President’s Plane is Missing, The Night of the Hunter) .
• 1927 - John Kander was born. American songwriter.
• 1927 - George Plimpton was born(† 2003). American writer and actor.
• 1928 - Julia Mullock was born. Princess of Korea
  1928 - Fidel V. Ramos was born. President of the Philippines
• 1930 - Pluto is discovered by Clyde Tombaugh (US) .
• 1931 - Juan Bautista Aznar becomes premier of Spain.
• 1932 - John Updike was born. American author The Witches of Eastwicke, Rabbit Run .
• 1933 - Radio Clube de Mocambique's, 1st radio transmission .
• 1936 - Frederik Willem de Klerk was born. President of South Africa [1989-1994]; recipient [with Nelson Mandela] of Nobel Peace Prize [1993] for democratization of South Africa.
• 1937 - A natural gas explosion at a school in New London, Texas kills 298, mostly children).
• 1937 - Spanish Civil War: Spanish Republican forces hand theItalian forces a grave defeat at the Battle of Guadalajara.
• 1937 - Mark Donohue was born. American auto racer - Indianapolis 500 winner [1972]; killed practicing for Austrian Grand Prix at Graz, Austria (19 Aug 1975).
• 1938 - Charley Pride was born. American country musician.
• 1938 - Mexico under the President Lázaro Cárdenas, nationalizes all foreign-owned oil properties within its borders.
• 1940 - World War II: Axis powers - Adolf Hitler and Benito Mussolini meet at Brenner Pass in the Alps and agree to form an alliance against France and the United Kingdom.
• 1941 - Wilson Pickett was born (d. 2006). American singer ( In the Midnight Hour, Land of 1000 Dances, Funky Broadway, Mustang Sally, It’s Too Late, Don’t Knock My Love); Rock and Roll Hall of Famer [1991] .
• 1943 - Kevin Dobson was born. American actor
• 1945 - Marta Suplicy was born. Brazilian psycanalist and politician.
• 1945 - World War II: 1,250 American bombers attack Berlin.
• 1947 - Barry James Wilson, was born. English rock drummer (Procol Harum-Whiter Shade of Pale) .
• 1947 - David Lloyd was born. Cricketer (England opener, 214 vs India 1974) .
• 1947 - William C. Durant dies. Automobile pioneer, founder of General Motors .
• 1949 - Alex Higgins was born. North Irish snooker player.
• 1949 - Åse Kleveland was born. Norwegian singer and politician
• 1949 - NATO set up by seven European countries .
• 1950 - Brad Dourif was born. American actor .
• 1951 - Bill Frisell was born. American jazz musician
• 1952 - Mike Webster was born († 2002). American football player
• 1953 - An earthquake hits western Turkey killing 250.
• 1955 - Morte de Armando de Arruda Pereira, em São Paulo-SP. Primeiro Rotariano latino-americano a ocupar a Presidência do Rotary International;
• 1956 - Ingemar Stenmark, Swedish skier
  1959 - American President Dwight D. Eisenhower signs a bill into law allowing for Hawaiian statehood, which would become official on August 21.
• 1959 - Luc Besson, was born. French producer, writer, director.
• 1959 - Irene Cara was born. American actress and singer
• 1960 - Richard Biggs was born († 2004). American actor (Days of Our Lives, Babylon 5)
• 1961 - In Cannes, France, Jean-Claude Pascal wins the sixth Eurovision Song Contest for Luxembourg singing "Nous les amoureux" (We the lovers).
• 1962 - France and Algeria sign an agreement ending the Algerian War.
• 1962 - In Luxembourg, Isabelle Aubret wins the seventh Eurovision Song Contest for France singing "Un premier amour" (A first love).
• 1962 - Thomas Ian Griffith was born. American actor
  1963 - Vanessa Williams, was born. American beauty queen, actress, singer, Miss America .
• 1964 - Bonnie Blair, was born American, Olympic gold medalist in speed skating .
• 1964 - Courtney Pine was born. British jazz saxophonist
  1964 - Rozalla was born. Zambian singer
• 1964 - Norber Wiener dies (b. 26 Nov 1894). American mathematicien.
• 1964 - Sigfrid Edström dies (v. 1870). Swedish sports official.
• 1965 - King Farouk I of Egypt dies (b. 1920) .
• 1965 - Cosmonaut Aleksei Leonov, leaving his spacecraft Voskhod 2 for 12 minutes, becomes the first person to walk in space.
• 1966 - Jerry Cantrell was born. American musician (Alice in Chains)
• 1967 - Supertanker Torrey Canyon Runs aground off the Cornish coast.
• 1967 - The Beatles received a gold record for the hit single, Penny Lane. This was not an unusual event for The Beatles .
• 1968 - Gold standard: The U.S. Congress repeals the requirement for a gold reserve to back US currency.
• 1969 - Vassily Ivanchuk was born. Ukrainian chess player
• 1970 - Queen Latifah was born. American singer and actress
• 1970 - Lon Nol ousts Prince Norodom Sihanouk of Cambodia.
• 1970 - Queen Latifah was born. American singer and actress .
• 1971 - A landslide at Chungar, Peru crashes into Lake Yanahuani killing 200.
• 1972 - Dane Cook was born. American comedian.
• 1973 - Max Barry was born. Australian author.
• 1973 - Jason Beam was born. American artist.
• 1974 - Oil embargo crisis: Most OPEC nations end a five-month oil embargo against the United States, Europe and Japan.
• 1977 - España: decreto de amnistía para los presos políticos.
• 1977 - Danny Murphy was born. English footballer.
• 1977 - Marien Ngouabi dies (b. 1938). President of the Republic of the Congo .
• 1978 - Leigh Brackett dies (b. 1915). Science fiction author.
• 1978 - Pakistani former premier Ali Bhutto sentenced to death .
• 1979 - Adam Levine was born, American singer (Maroon 5)
• 1980 - Alexei Yagudin was born. Russian figure skater
• 1980 - On Plesetsk Cosmodrome in Russia 50 persons were killed at an explosion of a Vostok-2M rocket on its launch pad during a fueling operation.
• 1980 - Muere Erich Fromm, psicoanalista de origen alemán.
• 1980 - Alexei Yagudin was born. Figure skater .
• 1984 - El general uruguayo Liber Seregni es puesto en libertad, tras siete años de cárcel por motivos políticos.
• 1985 - The first episode of popular soap Neighbours airs on Australian TV.
• 1989 - In Egypt, a 4,400-year-old mummy is found in the Pyramid of Cheops.
• 1990 - 12 paintings, collectively worth $100 million, are stolen from the Isabella Stewart Gardner Museum in Boston, Massachusetts. This is the largest art theft in US history.
• 1990 - East Germany's first elections in over sixty years .
• 1992 - Microsoft ships Windows 3.1.
• 1992 - Antonio Molina dies in Madrid (b. 1930). Spanish singer.
• 1995 - Michael Jordan makes his first comeback as an NBA player with a two word fax to the media..."I`m Back"
• 1995 - Boda de la Infanta Elena de Borbón con Jaime de Marichalar.
• 1996 - Muere la actriz cómica argentina Niní Marshall.
• 1997 - The tail of a Russian An-24 charter plane breaks off while en-route to Turkey causing the plane to crash and killing all 50 on board. This leads to the grounding of all An-24s.
• 1999 - Juan Antonio Samaranch es ratificado como presidente del Comité Olímpico Internacional.
• 1999 - Marcel Marceau day is established in New York City
• 2000 - 2000 Taiwanese presidential election: Chen Shui-bian is elected President of the Republic of China.
• 2001 - John Phillips dies (b. 1935). Musician (The Mamas and the Papas)
• 2002 - R.A. Lafferty dies (b. 1914). American science fiction writer.
• 2003 - Adam Osborne, dies (b. 1939). British computer pioneer .
• 2003 - Karl Kling, dies, car racing driver .
• 2003 - Alan Keith, dies, BBC radio show host .
• 2003 - Luis Felipe Angell, (Sofocleto) muere. Escritor peruano, es considerado el más prolífero escritor de la lengua castellana .
• 2004 - Harrison McCain dies. Canadian Businessman .
• 2005 - The first-ever Muslim Friday prayer led by a woman in a mixed-gender congregation was held in New York City, marking a break with a 1426-year Islamic tradition.
  2005 - Terri Schiavo's feeding tube is removed at the request of her husband, fueling a worldwide debate about her.
• Aruba, Haiti : Flag Day/National Holiday.
• United States - National Biodiesel Day
• Feast day of St Cyril of Jerusalem