On this day in History - Jan. 15

• 69 a.C.. O imperador romano Galba foi morto pela Guarda Pretoriana no Forum de Roma. Tinha sucedido a Nero, e o seu assassinato deu origem a uma época de 30 anos de anarquia governativa no império romano.
• 0041 - Caligula dies (b. 0012). Roman Emperor.
• 0069 - Otho seizes power in Rome, proclaiming himself Emperor of Rome, but only survives for three months before committing suicide.
• 1342 - Philip II, Duke of Burgundy was born (d. 1404)
• 1432 - King Afonso V of Portugal was born (d. 1481) .
• 1481 - Ashikaga Yoshizumi was born (d. 1511).
• 1535 - Henrique VIII tornou-se Chefe Supremo da Igreja de Inglaterra em resultado do Acto de Supremacia que tinha provocado a separação da Igreja Católica Romana.
• 1538 - Maeda Toshiie was born (d. 1599). Japanese general.
• 1559 - Queen Elizabeth I was crowned in Westminster Abbey by Owen Oglethorpe, the Bishop of Carlisle, instead of the Archbishop of Canterbury.
• 1582 - Russia cedes Livonia and Estonia to Poland.
• 1595 - Murat III dies (b. 1546). Ottoman Emperor .
• 1597 - Juan de Herrera dies. Spanish architect (Monasterio del Escorial).
• 1622 - Jean Baptiste Poquelín was born. French dramatist.
• 1622 - Molière was born (d. 1673). French playwright.
• 1671 - Abraham de la Pryme was born (d. 1704). English antiquarian.
• 1674 - Prosper Jolyot de Crébillon was born (d. 1762). French writer.
• 1716 - Philip Livingston was born (d. 1778). American signer of the Declaration of Independence.
• 1747 - John Aikin was born (d. 1822). English doctor and writer.
• 1754 - Richard Martin was born (d. 1834). Irish founder of the Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals.
• 1759 - The British Museum opened.
• 1774 - El virrey de Buenos Aires, Juan José Vértiz y Salcedo, sale de Montevideo al frente de sus tropas y derrota a los invasores portugueses.
• 1777 - American Revolutionary War: New Connecticut declares its independence. Six months later it was renamed Vermont.
• 1781 - Marianne Victoria of Borbón dies (b. 1718). Queen regent of Portugal (wife of King D. Jose I).
• 1782 - Superintendent of Finance Robert Morris goes before the U.S. Congress to recommend establishment of a national mint and decimal coinage.
• 1790 - Franz Grillparzer was born (d. 1872). Austrian lyricist.
• 1790 - John Landen dies (b. 1719). English mathematician.
• 1791 - Franz Grillparzer was born (d. 1872). Austrian writer.
• 1795 - Alexandr Griboyedov was born (d. 1829). Russian playwright.
• 1809 - Pierre-Joseph Proudhon was born (d. 1865). French anarchist.
• 1810 - Abigail Kelley Foster was born. Abolitionist .
• 1810 - José Bonaparte, à frente de Exército de 80 mil homen, chega a Serra Morena, iniciando a ocupação de Andaluzia.
• 1812 - Peter Christian Asbjørnsen was born (d. 1885). Norwegian writer and scientist
• 1816 - Marie LaFarge was born (d. 1852). French murderer.
• 1842 - Josef Breuern was born (d. 1925). Austrian psychologist.
• 1844 - University of Notre Dame receives its charter from Indiana.
• 1847 - Francisco Adolfo Coelho was born (d. 1919). Portuguese philologist and anthropologist.
• 1850 - Mihai Eminescu was born (d. 1889). Romanian poet.
• 1859 - Estalla una revolución en Haití que destrona al emperador Faustino I.
• 1861 - Elisha Otis patenta el ascensor a vapor, formando la base de su compañía de elevadores.
• 1863 - Wilhelm Marx, German politician, chancellor of the Weimar Republic .
• 1866 - Nathan Söderblom was born. Swedish archbishop, Nobel Prize for Peace in 1930.
• 1882 - Daniel Vázquez Díaz was born. Spanish painter.
• 1865 - Joaquín González Camargo was born. Colombian poet.
• 1869 - Stanisław Wyspiański was born (d. 1907). Polish dramatist, poet, painter and architect.
• 1870 - Pierre S. DuPont was born. Industrialist .
• 1870 - A political cartoon for the first time symbolizes the United States Democratic Party with a donkey ("A Live Jackass Kicking a Dead Lion" by Thomas Nast for Harper's Weekly).
• 1872 - Arsen Kotsoyev was born (d. 1944). Russian writer.
• 1875 - Tom Burke was born. American runner .
• 1879 - Mazo de la Roche was born (d. 1961). Canadian author.
• 1881 - Batalla de Miraflores, durante la guerra del Pacífico entre los ejércitos chileno y peruano, que da la victoria a los primeros, abriéndoles las puertas de Lima.
• 1885 - Wilson Bentley takes the first photograph of a snowflake.
• 1885 - Huang Yuanyong was born (d. 1915). Chinese writer.
• 1891 - Osip Mandelstam was born (d. 1938). Soviet poet and essayist.
• 1891 - Ray Chapman was born (d. 1920). Baseball player.
• 1892 - Rex Ingram was born (d. 1950). Irish director, writer.
• 1892 - James Naismith publishes the rules for basketball.
• 1893 - Ivor Novello was born (d. 1951). Welsh actor, musician.
• 1895 - Artturi Ilmari Virtanen was born (d. 1973). Finnish chemist, Nobel Prize laureate.
• 1896 - Víctor de la Serna was born. Chilean writer established in Spain.
• 1899 - Goodman Ace was born (d. 1982). Actor, comedian, writer.
• 1901 - Rosita Quiroga was born. Tango singer.
• 1904 - Manuel Amador Guerrero, es elegido primer presidente constitucional de Panamá por la Convención Nacional.
• 1906 - Aristóteles Onassis was born (d. 15 Mar 1975). Greek businessman and magnat.
• 1907 - El Dr. Lee de Forest patenta el tubo de vacío.
• 1908 - Alpha Kappa Alpha Sorority, the first Greek-letter organization by and for Black college women is established.
• 1908 - Edward Teller was born (d. 2003). Atomic physicist.
• 1909 - Gene Krupa was born (d. 1973). Drummer.
• 1910 - France reorganizes its various colonies in Central and West Africa as French Equatorial Africa.
• 1911 - Carlos Côrrea Mascaro, nascimento de, educador brasileiro.
• 1913 - Lloyd Bridges, was born, actor (d. 1998).
• 1913 - Primera transmisión telefónica sin hilos entre Nueva York y Berlín.
• 1915 - Mary Slessor, dies, Scottish Christian missionary to West Africa (b. 1848) .
• 1918 - Gamal Nasser was born, Egyptian statesman, prime minister and president
  (d. 1970) .
• 1918 - Robert Byrd was born. American politician .
• 1918 - João Figueiredo was born. 42nd President of Brazil (1979-1985).
• 1919 - Rosa Luxemburg (b. 1870) e Karl Liebknecht, fundadores do Partido Comunista alemão e principais líderes da insurreição espartaquista na capital alemã, são assassinados em Berlim.
• 1919 - The Boston Molasses Disaster kills 21 people.
• 1919 - Ignace Paderewski becomes Premier of Poland.
• 1923 - Lee Teng-hui was born. Taiwanese politician .
• 1926 - Maria Schell was born. Swiss actress .
• 1926 - Domingo de Orueta y Duarte, nacimiento de, cientifico español que fue presidente de la Academia Española de Historia Natural.
• 1929 - Martin Luther King Jr. was born in Atlanta, Georgia [d. 1968 killed in Menfis];American Civil Rights Leader. Nobel Prize awarded 1964.
• 1931 - Un terremoto destruye la ciudad de Oaxaca (México).
• 1934 - Um terremoto causa a morte de 10.700 pessoas no norte da Índia.
• 1935 - Somaliland and Eritrea joined by Mussolini to form Italian East Africa.
• 1936 - The first building to be completely covered in glass is completed in Toledo, Ohio (the building was for the Owens-Illinois Glass Company).
• 1937 - Margaret O'Brien was born. American actress.
• 1938 - Bombardeo de Barcelona.
• 1941 - Alfonso XIII abdica em Roma de seus direitos ao trono espanhol.
• 1942 - Nehru sucede Gandhi à frente do Partido Popular do Congresso Indiano.
• 1943 - Finalização das obras do Pentágono, sede do Departamento de Defesa do Estados Unidos, em Washington, o maior prédio de escritórios do mundo.
• 1943 - World War II: Japanese driven off Guadalcanal.
• 1943 - The world's largest office building, The Pentagon, is dedicated (Arlington, Virginia).
• 1944 - Un terremoto destruye la ciudad de San Juan en Argentina.
• 1948 - Ronnie VanZant, lead vocal for Lynyrd Skynyrd (d. 1977) .
• 1951 - Ilse Koch, The "Bitch of Buchenwald", wife of the commandant of the Buchenwald concentration camp, is sentenced to life imprisonment in a court in West Germany.
• 1954 - "General China", the Mau Mau's second in command, is wounded and captured by the British.
• 1955 - Yves Tanguy dies (b. 1900). Surrealist painter.
• 1957 - Mario Van Peebles was born. Mexican actor, director .
• 1957 - Julian Sands was born. English actor .
• 1964 - Jack Teagarden dies (b. 1905). American musician.
• 1965 - Adam Jones was born. Amerian musician of Tool.
• 1966 - First Military Coup in Nigeria, government of Abubakar Tafawa Balewa is overthrown.
• 1967 - Super Bowl I is played - The Green Bay Packers defeat the Kansas City Chiefs, 35-10.
• 1969 - The Soviet Union launches Soyuz 5.
• 1970 - After a 32-month fight for independence from Nigeria, Biafra surrenders.
• 1970 - Muammar al-Qaddafi is proclaimed premier of Libya.
• 1973 - Vietnam War: Citing progress in peace negotiations, President of the United States Richard Nixon announces the suspension of offensive action in North Vietnam.
• 1973 - Golda Meir é a primeira líder israelita a ser recebida pelo Papa.
• 1973 - O presidente americano Richard Nixon suspende a ofensiva no Vietnã. A guerra era travada entre o Norte, apoiado pelos comunistas, e o sul, que tinha apoio dos Estados Unidos.
• 1974 - Happy Days premiers on ABC.
• 1975 - Portugal grants independence to Angola witch takes effects on 11 Nov 1975/ Portugal garante a independencia de Angola pelos acordos de Alvor entre o Governo Português e os Movimentos de Libertação Angolanos. Fixa-se a data da independência: 11 Nov 1975.
• 1976 - Would-be Gerald Ford presidential assassin Sara Jane Moore is sentenced to life in prison.
• 1976 - Rodrigo Fabri was born. Brazilian football player.
• 1979 - Mary Pierce was born. Tennis player.
• 1981 - El Hadji Diouf was born. Senegalese football star.
• 1982 - Benjamin Agosto was born. American skater .
• 1983 - Meyer Lansky dies (b. 1902). Mobster.
• 1984 - Megan Quann was born. Amerian swimmer.
• 1985 - Tancredo Neves is elected President of Brazil (but he will die before has taken the power).
• 1986 - The HBO and Cinemax pay cable television services initiate scrambling of their national satellite feeds on Galaxy 1 with the Videocipher II system.
• 1986 - Acidente de helicóptero no Rally Paris-Dakar. Morrem o organizador, Thierry Sabine e mais quatro pessoas.
• 1987 - La Junta militar chilena aprueba la ley de partidos políticos, que los autoriza, por primera vez, desde el golpe de estado de 1973.
• 1988 - Sean Mc Bride dies. Irish politician, Nobel Prize (1974) and Lenin Prizr for Peace laureate.
• 1990 - Gordon Jackson dies (b. 1923). Film tv actor; best known as the butler 'Hudson' on Upstairs Downstairs.
• 1990 - AT&T's long distance telephone network suffers a cascade switching failure.
• 1991 - The United Nations deadline for the withdrawal of Iraqi forces from occupied Kuwait expires, preparing the way for the start of Operation Desert Storm.
• 1992 - The European Community recognized Croatia and Slovenia as separate states, effectively ending the Yugoslav federation, founded in 1918.
• 1992 - Terroristas do ETA assassinam o professor Manuel Broseta, em Valência, na Itália.
• 1993 - Sammy Cahn dies (b. 1913). Songwriter.
• 1994 - Harry Nilsson, dies,musician (b. 1941) .
• 1994 - The Pan African Congress agrees to renounce the armed struggle against South Africa's government and register as a political party in the forthcoming election.
• 1995 - The first episode of Star Trek: Voyager airs.
• 1996 - Motlotlehi Moshweshwe II, paramount chief of the Sotho and former constitutional monarch of Lesotho, dies in a car crash.
• 1996 - O primeiro-ministro socialista da Grécia, Andréas Papandreou, renuncia por motivos de saúde.
• 1996 - Mario Vargas Llosa toma posesión del sillón "L" de la Real Academia Española de la Lengua.
• 1998 - Junior Wells dies. Musician.
• 1999 - The Racak incident: 45 Albanians in the Kosovo village of Racak were killed by Yugoslav security forces.
• 2001 - Wikipedia, a Wiki free content encyclopedia, goes online: Wikipedia Day .
• 2003 - Gladys Kamakakuokalani Ainoa Brandt, dies,Hawaiian educator; fought for native Hawaiian rights .
• 2003 - Doris Fisher, dies singer and songwriter .