On this day in History - Oct. 09

0709 - Death of Abd'ul Malik, Caliph.
1000 - Leif Ericson discovers Vinland, becoming the first known European to set foot in North America.
1047 - Pope Clement II dies (b. 1005)
1201 - Robert de Sorbon was born (d. 1274). French theologian and founder of the Sorbonne
1238 - James I of Aragon conquered Valencia and founded the Kingdom of Valencia.
1253 - Robert Grosseteste dies. English statesman and bishop
1261 - King Dinis of Portugal was born (d. 1325)

1390 - Death of John I ( Castile). /Morre Rei João I de Castela, de uma queda de cavalo (n. 1358)
1514 - Marriage of Louis XII of France and Mary Tudor
1547 - Miguel Cervantes is baptized. Spanish novelist best known for El ingenioso hidalgo don Quijote de la Mancha . In English translation: Don Quixote
1555 - Justus Jonas dies (b. 1493). German protestant reformer
1562 - Gabriele Falloppio dies (b. 1523). Italian anatomist
1569 - Vladimir of Staritsa dies (b. 1533). Russian prince.
1581 - Claude Gaspard Bachet de Méziriac was born (d. 1638). French mathematician
1582 - Due to the implementation of the Gregorian calendar this day does not exist in this year in Italy, Poland, Portugal and Spain.
1585 - Heinrich Schütz was born. German composer.
1586 - Archduke Leopold V of Austria was born (d. 1632). Regent of Tyrol
1597 - Ashikaga Yoshiaki dies (b. 1537). Japanese shogun.
1635 - Founder of Rhode Island Roger Williams is banished from Massachusetts Bay Colony as a religious dissident after he spoke out against punishments for religious offenses and giving away Native American land.

1688 - Claude Perrault dies (born 1613). Architect, physician and physicist. He was the architect of the oldest building of the Paris Observatory when it was founded in 1667 by King Louis XIV
1691 - William Sacheverell dies (b. 1638). English statesman.
1701 - The Collegiate School of Connecticut (later renamed Yale University) is chartered in Old Saybrook, Connecticut.
1704 - Johann Andreas von Segner was born (d. 5 Oct 1777). German physicist and mathematician who recognized the surface tension of liquids.
1709 - Barbara Palmer, 1st Duchess of Cleveland dies (b. 1640). English mistress of Charles II of England
1729 - Richard Blackmore dies (b. 1654). English physician and writer .
1740 - D. Luís da Cunha dies (b. 1662). Portuguese diplomat.
1757 - King Charles X of France was born (d. 1836)
1771 - The Dutch merchant ship Vrouw Maria sinks near the coast of Finland.
1776 - Father Francisco Palou founds Mission San Francisco de Asis in what is now San Francisco, California.

1781 - Nascimento de Dionisio de Herrera. Presidente de Honduras (1824-1827)
1793 - Jean Joseph Marie Amiot dies (b. 1718). French missionary
1796 - Joseph Bonomi the Younger was born (d. 1878). English Egyptologist.
1801 - Auguste-Arthur de La Rive was born (d. 1873). Swiss physicist who was one of the founders of the electrochemical theory of batteries
1806 - Benjamin Banneker dies (b. 9 Nov 1731). American astronomer, mathematician, author and clockmaker
1812 - War of 1812: In a naval engagement on Lake Erie, American forces capture two British ships; the HMS Detroit and the HMS Caledonia.
1818 - Francisco Navarro Villoslada was born. Spanish writer.
1820 - Guayaquil declared independence from Spain.
1831 - Capo d'Istria was assassinated.
1831 - John Capodistria dies (b. 1776). Governor of Greece.
1833 - Eugen Langen was born (d. 2 Oct 1895). German engineer who pioneered in building internal-combustion engines
1835 - Camille Saint-Saëns was born (d. 1921). French composer
1840 - Simeon Solomon was born (d. 1905). British artist

1841 - Antonio López de Santa Ana assume (pela 6º vez) a presidência do México
1852 - Hermann Emil Fischer was born (d. 15 Jul 1919). German chemist, Nobel Prize laureate in 1902, in recognition of his investigations of the sugar and purine groups of substances.
1853 - Nasce José do Patrocínio (m. 1905). Jornalista, orador, poeta e romancista brasileiro.
1855 - The sewing machine motor was patented by Isaac Singer of New York

1855 - The first calliope is patented by Joshua Stoddard of Worcester, Massachusetts.
1859 - Alfred Dreyfus was born (d. 1935). French military officer
1864 - American Civil War: Battle of Tom's Brook - Union cavalrymen in the Shenandoah Valley defeat Confederate forces at Tom's Brook, Virginia.
1871 - The Great Chicago Fire is brought under control.
1873 - Karl Schwarzschild was born (d. 1916). German physicist and astronomer
1873 - Charles Walgreen was born (d. 1939). American entrepreneur.
1873 - Karl Schwarzschild was born (d. 11 May 1916). German theoretical astrophysicist, born in Frankfurt, Germany, who made both practical and theoretical contributions to 20th-century astronomy
1874 - General Postal Union was created as a result of the Treaty of Berne.
1879 - Max von Laue was born (d. 23 Apr 1960). German physicist, Nobel Prize laureate in 1914 for his discovery of the diffraction of X-rays in crystals

1885 - Nascia, no Funchal, ilha da Madeira, Francisco Franco de Sousa (m. 15 Fev 1955). Escultor português.
1886 - Rube Marquard was born (d. 1980). Baseball player
1888 - Nikolai Ivanovich Bukharin was born (d. 1938). Russian politician.
1888 - The Washington Monument officially opens to the general public.
1890 - Aimee Semple McPherson was born (d. 1944). American evangelist.

1890 - It is reported, however without evidence, French electrical engineer Clément Ader was the first person to actually fly an airplane, but his steam-powered bat-like plane, "Eole", only rose a few inches off the ground. Ader coined the french word "avion" for aircraft. It is said to mean Appareil Volant Imitant les Oisaux Naturels: Flying Machine Imitating Natural Birds
1892 - Ivo Andrić was born (d. 1975). Croatian writer
1892 - Marina Tsvetaeva was born (d. 1941). Russian poet.
1893 - Nasce, em S. Paulo, Mário de Andrade (m. 1945). Escritor brasileiro e idealizador da Semana de Arte Moderna
1900 - Alastair Sim was born (d. 1976). Scottish actor.

1900 - Ismael Nery was born. Brazilian painter. Pioneer of the surrealism in Brazil

1906 - Joseph Farwell Glidden dies (b. 18 Jan 1813). A native of New Hampshire, Glidden was an Illinois farmer when he developed the design of the first commercial barbed wire, patented 24 Nov 1874, a product that would transform the West

1906 - Léopold Sedar Senghor was born. Poet and President of Senegal (1960-1980)
1907 - Quintin Hogg was born (d. 2001). British politician.
1909 - Jacques Tati was born (d. 4 Nov 1982). Academy Award-winning director: Mon Oncle [1958];
1909 - Donald Coggan was born (d. 2000). Archbishop of Canterbury
1911 - Joe Rosenthal was born. American photographer

1911 - Morte de Antonio Borrero y Cortázar . Presidente do Equad (1875-1876)
1914 - World War I: Siege of Antwerp - Antwerp, Belgium falls to German troops.
1915 - Clifford M. Hardin, United States Secretary of Agriculture
1916 - Jean Dausset was born. French physician and imunologist

1918 - O príncipe Friedrich Karl é eleito rei da Finlândia
1919 - Black Sox scandal: The Cincinnati Reds "win" the World Series.
1920 - Jens Bjørneboe was born (d. 1976). Norwegian author
1923 - Fyvush Finkel was born. American actor.
1924 - Valery Bryusov dies (b. 1873). Russian writer and critic.
1928 - Einojuhani Rautavaara was born. Finnish composer.

1932 - Karl (Immanuel Eberhard) von Goebel dies (b. 8 Mar 1855). German botanist whose Organographie der Pflanzen (1898-1901; Organography of Plants, 1900-05) clarified the principles of the science of plant morphology in relation to form and structure.

1933 - Meteor shower: a great unpredicted meteor shower was seen from Europe that surprised astronomers. Dr. W.J. Fisher, a Harvard astronomer, identified the Giacobini-Zinner comet as the cause
1933 - Peter Mansfield was born. British physician.
1934 - King Alexander I of Yugoslavia dies assassinated (b. 1888)
1934 - Louis Barthou dies assassinated (b. 1862). Prime Minister of France
1936 - Brian Blessed was born. English actor
1936 - Generators at Boulder Dam (later renamed to Hoover Dam) begin to transmit electricity from the Colorado River 266 miles to Los Angeles, California.
1938 - Heinz Fischer was born. Austrian politician

1938 - the radio altimeter is first demonstrated in New York by Bell Labs, in the first public display of the device that gives pilots the height of an aircraft above the local terrain by bouncing radio signals off the ground to give a reliable altitude reading, thus changing aviation forever.
1940 - John Lennon was born (d. 1980). British musician and songwriter (The Beatles)
1940 - World War II: Battle of Britain - During a nighttime air raid by the German Luftwaffe, St. Paul's Cathedral is pierced by a bomb.
1941 - Trent Lott was born. American politician.
1941 - Helen Morgan dies (b. 1900). American singer and actress

1941 - Panamá: um golpe de estado leva ao poder Ricardo Adolfo de la Guardia.
1942 - Statute of Westminster Adoption Act formalizes Australian autonomy.
1943 - Pieter Zeeman dies (b. 1865). Dutch physicist, Nobel Prize laureate in 1902 (shared with Hendrik A. Lorentz ) for his discovery of the Zeeman effect.
1944 - World War II: British Prime Minister Winston Churchill and Soviet Union Premier Joseph Stalin begin a nine-day conference in Moscow to discuss the future of Europe.
1944 - John Entwistle was born (d. 2002). British musician (The Who)
1944 - Nona Hendryx was born. American singer (LaBelle)
1944 - Peter Tosh was born (d. 1987). Jamaican musician
1946 - Tansu Çiller was born. Turkish prime minister

1946 - the Simmons Company of Petersburg, Va., manufactured the first electric blanket. Its price was $39.50.
1948 - Jackson Browne was born. American musician
1950 - Jody Williams was born. American who was the 1997 Nobel Peace Prize laureate

1950 - Demetrio Herrera Sevillano dies. Panamanian poet.

1950 - Robert Wuhl was born. Emmy Award-winning writer: The 63rd Annual Academy Awards [1991], The 64th Annual Academy Awards [1992]; actor: A Kiss Goodnight, Cobb, The Bodyguard, Batman, Bull Durham, Good Morning Vietnam, Flashdance
1952 - Sharon Osbourne was born. English music manager and wife of Ozzy Osbourne
1953 - Tony Shalhoub was born. American actor
1954 - Scott Bakula was born. American television actor
1955 - Theodor Cardinal Innitzer dies (b. 1875). Archbishop of Vienna
1956 - Marie Doro dies (b. 1882). American actress
1957 - Neil H. McElroy was sworn in as the 6th Secretary of Defense of United States.
1958 - Michael Pare was born. American actor.
1958 - Pope Pius XII ( Eugenio Maria Giuseppe Giovanni Pacelli) dies (b. 1876); 261st pope.

1959 - Sir Henry Tizard dies (b. 1885). Scientist and administrator. Around 1920, with David Pye, his work on aircraft fuels ultimately led to the octane rating system, which expresses the anti-knocking characteristics of the fuel.
1961 - Tanganyika becomes independent within the British Commonwealth
1962 - Milan Vidmar dies (b. 1885). Slovenian electrical engineer and chess player.
1962 - Uganda becomes an independent republic from Great-Britain.

1962 - Jorge Burruchaga was born. Argentine football player.

1963 - Edward Mutesa assume a presidência de Uganda
1963 - In northeast Italy, over 2,000 people are killed when a large landslide behind the Vajont Dam causes a giant wave of water to overtop it.
1964 - Guillermo del Toro was born. Mexican actor and film director.
1967 - A day after being caught, Che Guevara (b. 1928) is executed for attempting to incite a revolution in Bolivia.
1967 - André Maurois dies. French writer (b. 1885).

1967 - Gordon Allport dies (b. 11 Nov 1897). Humanistic psychologist and educator who developed trait theory in an original theory of personality.

1967 - Gheorge Popescu was born. Romanian footbal player
1969 - In Chicago, Illinois, the United States National Guard is called in for crowd control as demonstrations continue in connection to the trial of the "Chicago Eight" (trial started on September 24).
1969 - Students from the University of the Philippines formed the first Upsilonian Congress and established the Upsiloan Alpha Beta Grand Fraternity in Diliman, Quezon City, Philippines.
1969 - P.J. Harvey was born. English musician
1969 - Amy Grissom was born. American artist and social worker
1970 - Kenny Anderson was born. American basketball player
1970 - Savannah was born (d. 1994). American actress
1970 - Annika Sörenstam was born. Swedish golfer
1970 - The Khmer Republic is proclaimed in Cambodia.
1971 - Michael Manna was born. American professional wrestler
1971 - Simon Atlee was born (d. 2004). British Photographer, most notable person killed in the 2004 Indian Ocean Earthquake
1972 - Miriam Hopkins dies (b. 1902). American actress.
1972 - Emerson Fittipaldi torna-se campeão do mundo de Fórmula 1.
1973 - Steven Burns was born. Actor and musician.
1974 - Oskar Schindler dies (b.28 Apr 1908). German businessman who saved Jews
1975 - Sean Lennon was born. English musician
1975 - Nobel Peace Prize is attributed to the soviet dissident, physician Andreï Dmitrievitch Sakharov in recognition of his struggle against "the abuse of power and violations of human dignity in all its forms."
1978 - Nicky Byrne was born. Irish musician (Westlife)
1978 - Juan Dixon was born. American basketball player
1978 - Jacques Brel dies (b. 1929). Belgian musician
1981 - Darius Miles was born. American basketball player.
1981 - Abolição da pena de morte em França.

1982 - Anna Freud dies (b. 3 Dec 1895). Austrian scientist, psychoanalyst [The ego and mechanisms of defense (1936) ]
1985 - Emílio Garrastazu Médici dies (b. 1905). President of Brazil
1985 - The hijackers of the Achille Lauro cruise liner surrender after the ship arrives in Port Said, Egypt.

1985 - Henriqueta Lisboa dies. Brazilian writer.
1986 - Laure Manaudou was born. French swimmer.
1986 - United States District Court Judge Harry E. Claiborne becomes the fifth federal official to be removed from office through impeachment.
1987 - Clare Boothe Luce dies (b. 1903). American diplomat
1987 - Guru Gopinath dies (b. 1908). Indian classical dancer
1987 - William Parry Murphy dies. American physician, Nobel Prize in Medicine laureate in 1934.
1988 - Valencia (Espanha) : São inauguradas as primeiras linhaas subterraneas de metro.

1988 - Felix Wankel dies (b. 13 Aug 1902). German engineer who invented the first rotary internal combustion engine (Wankel Rotary Combustion Engines and Vehicles)

1989 - Penny Lernoux dies (b. 1940). American journalist and author
1989 - An official news agency in the Soviet Union reports the landing of a UFO in Voronezh.
1989 - In Leipzig, East Germany, 70,000 protesters demand the legalization of opposition groups and democratic reforms.
1990 - Géza Ottlik dies (b. 1912). Hungarian writer
1991 - Ecuador becomes a member of the Berne Convention copyright treaty.

1991 - Em Bruxelas, o escritor português Vergílio Ferreira é distinguido com o Prémio Europália/91.
1992 - A 13 kilogram (est.) meteorite lands in the driveway of the Knapp residence in Peekskill, New York, destroying the family's 1980 Chevrolet Malibu.
1995 - An Amtrak Sunset Limited train is derailed by saboteurs near Palo Verde, Arizona.
1995 - Alec Douglas-Home dies 8b. 1903). Prime Minister of the United Kingdom
1996 - Walter Kerr dies (b. 1913). American theater critic.
1996 - Robert F. Curl Jr., Richard E. Smalley, and Sir Harold W. Kroto, share the Nobel Prize in chemistry "for their discovery of fullerenes". Three US scientists, David M. Lee, 65, Douglas D. Osheroff, 51, and Robert C. Richardson, 59, win the physics prize "for their discovery of superfluidity in helium-3".

1997 - Renúncia do primeiro-ministro da Itália, Romano Prodi.
1999 - João Cabral de Melo Neto . Brazilian poet and diplomat. Camões Prize in 1990.

2000 - David Dukes dies (b. 1945). American actor
2000 - The Nobel Prize in Medicine for 2000 is shared by Arvid Carlsson, 77, Paul Greengard, 74, and Eric Kandel, 70, for their pioneering discoveries concerning one way brain cells send messages to each other, called "slow synaptic transmission.” These discoveries have been crucial for understanding how the brain normally works. In addition, the work laid the groundwork for developing the standard treatment for Parkinson's disease and contributed to the development of a class of antidepressants that includes Prozac.
2001 - Dagmar dies (b. 1921). American television personality
2001 - Roberto Campos dies (b. 1917). Brazilian economist.
2001 - The Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences announces that it has decided to award the Nobel Prize in Physics for 2001 jointly to Eric A. Cornell, 39 (JILA and National Institute of Standards and Technology , Boulder, Colorado), Carl E. Wieman, 50 (JILA and University of Colorado, Boulder), and to Wolfgang Ketterle, 43, (German, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts) "for the achievement of Bose-Einstein condensation in dilute gases of alkali atoms, and for early fundamental studies of the properties of the condensates".
2002 - After losing a massive amount of ground during the summer of 2002, the Dow Jones Industrial Average closes at 7,286.27, its lowest level in five years. The NASDAQ also hit a six-year low of 1,114.11.
2002 - The 2002 Bank of Sweden Prize in Economic Sciences in Memory of Alfred Nobel is announced to go by halves to Daniel Kahneman (US Israel) “for having integrated insights from psychological research into economic science, especially concerning human judgment and decision-making under uncertainty” and to Vernon L. Smith (US) “for having established laboratory experiments as a tool in empirical economic analysis, especially in the study of alternative market mechanisms”
2004 - Jo Brauner resign as the anchor of German Tagesschau news show after 30 years.
2004 - Democratic elections held for the first time in Afghanistan.
2004 - The tri-annual federal election is held in Australia and Liberal Party of Australia leader, John Howard, wins a fourth term as Prime Minister in a landslide victory over opponent, Mark Latham of the Australian
Labor Party.
2004 - Afghanistan: Interim president Hamid Karzai [24 Dec 1957~] a Pashtun, wins 55% of the vote in the Afghan presidential election.
2004 - Criação ou nascimento na blogosfera de Eu sei que vou-te amar. Deixo aqui os meus parabéns pela passagem do 1º. aniversário, e recomendo a sua visita.

2004 - Portugal cede um surpreendente empate na deslocação ao Liechtenstein 2-2 em jogo do Grupo 3 de qualificação para o Campeonato do Mundo de futebol.

Hangul Day - South Korea: celebrating the invention of Hangul, the native Korean phonetic alphabet.
Leif Erikson Day - United States: celebrating the first European landing in North America