On this day in History - Apr 14

• 43 BC - Battle of Forum Gallorum. Mark Antony, besieging Julius Caesar's assassin Decimus Junius Brutus in Mutina, defeats the forces of the consul Pansa, who is killed.
• AD 69 - Vitellius, commander of the Rhine armies, defeats Emperor Otho in the Battle of Bedriacum and seizes the throne.
• 0193 - Lucius Septimus Severus é coroado imperador de Roma.
• 1028 - Imperador Alemão Conrad II, o Navegante, coroa rei seu filho Henry III.
• 1191 - Aos 85 anos, Giacinto Bobo torna-se Papa Celestinus III.
• 1205 - Battle of Adrianople between Bulgars and Crusaders.
• 1433 - Liduina van Schiedam, Dutch mystic (Christ's Bride) saint, dies at 53
• 1450 - Battle of Formigny. French attack and nearly annihilate English, ending English domination in northern France.
• 1471 - Ricardo Neville, Conde de Warwick, morre. O fazedor de reis da guerra das rosas .
• 1544 - Battle at Carignano: French troops under Earl d'Enghien beat Swiss.
• 1563 - Morte do arcebispo espanhol Francisco de Navarra.
• 1578 - Nasce o Rei Filipe III de Espanha, II de Portugal (m. 1621) .
• 1588 - Alessandro Varotan “il Padovanese”, Italian artist who died in 1648.
• 1611 - A palavra "telescópio" é usada pela primeira vez (Príncipe Federico Cesi).
• 1629 - Inglaterra & França assinam a Paz de Susa.
• 1629 - Christiaan Huygens, was born in The Hague, Holland (d. 08 Jul 1695). Dutch mathematician, astronomer, and physicist, who founded the wave theory of light, discovered the true shape of the rings of Saturn, and made original contributions to the science of dynamics - the study of the action of forces on bodies.
• 1632 - Battle of Rain, Swedes under Gustavus Adolphus defeat the Holy Roman Empire during the Thirty Years' War.
• 1676 - Ernst Chreistian Hesse, was born. Composer.
• 1718 - Emanuele Barbella, was born. Composer.
• 1723 - John Wainwright, was born. Composer .
• 1724 - Gabriel Jacques de Saint~Aubin,was born (d. 14 Feb 1780). French painter, draftsman, and etcher.
• 1748 - Argentina: el español Rafael de Aguiar funda San Nicolás de los Arroyos (provincia de Buenos Aires) .
• 1755 - Simon-Joseph Denis den Schelen, was born (d. 01 Jan 1813). Flemish artist.
• 1759 - Georg Friedrich Handel, dies (b. 1685). Composer.
• 1762 - Giuseppe Valadier, was born. Italian architect and archaeologist.
• 1765 - Nasceu o inventor americano Robert Fulton, responsável pelo primeiro barco a vapor bem sucedido .
• 1775 - Primeira sociedade abolucionista nos EUA é organizada na Filadélfia.
• 1777 - Nova York adota uma nova constituição como estado independente.
• 1779 - Em Lisboa, realizou-se uma imponente procissão do Senhor dos Passos, para pedir o termo da seca.
• 1782 - Carlo Coccia, was born. Composer.
• 1787 - Jean Victor Schnetz, was born (d. 16 Mar 1870). French painter and printmaker.
• 1788 - David G. Burnet, was born (d. 1870) . Interim president of the Republic of Texas .
• 1792 - A França declara guerra contra a Áustria, dando início as Guerras Revolucionárias Francesas.
• 1800 - Ange-Louis-Guillaume Lesourd-Beauregard, French artist who died in 1885 .
• 1803 - Friedrich von Amerling, was born († 15 Jan 1887). Austrian painter .
• 1809 - Napoleão derrotou a Áustria na Batalha de Abensberg, Bavaria .
• 1814 - Napoleão é abdicado e banido para Elba.
• 1818 - Carl Hilgers, was born (d. 03 Dec 1890). Düsseldorf painter.
• 1819 - Charles Halle, was born. Pianista.
• 1827- Augustus Henry Lane-Fox Pitt-Rivers, was born († 4 May 1900). English archaeologist often called the "father of British archaeology,"
• 1828 - Noah Webster copyrights the first edition of his dictionary .
• 1831 - Gerhard Rohlfs, was born († 1896). Scientist.
• 1842 - Catherine Eddowes, was born († 1888). Fourth confirmed victim of Jack the Ripper .
• 1842 - Sven August Korling, was born. Composer.
• 1842 - Juan José Guzmán assume a presidência de El Salvador
• 1843 - Gustave Leon Huberti, was born. Composer.
• 1846 - Tem inicio a celebre revolta da Maria da Fonte.
• 1852 - Jacob Isaac Meyer van Haan, Dutch painter who died on 24 October 1895
• 1852 - Henrique Oswald, was born. Composer.
• 1856 - Georges Jules Auguste Caïn, was born ( † 04 Mar 1919). French artist.
• 1857 - Nascimento de Aluízio de Azevedo, em São Luís -MA. Caricaturista, jornalista, romancista, diplomata e membro da Academia Brasileira de Letras .
• 1859 - É publicado "A Tale Of Two Cities" de Charles Dickens.
• 1860 - The first Pony Express rider reaches Sacramento, California
• 1861 - Utagawa Kuniyoshi, born Igusa Magosaburo on 01 January 1798, Japanese painter and printmaker of the ukiyo-e (“pictures of the floating world”) movement.
• 1862 - Pyotr Stolypin, was born. Premier Rússia (1906-1911).
• 1863 - Nasceu o químico belga Leo Hendrik Baekeland, inventor da Baquelite.
• 1864 - Battle at the 'Düppeler Schanzen'. The Prussian Army defeats the Danish and finally separates Schleswig from Danmark, Schleswig becomes a part of Germany .
• 1865 - Abraham Lincoln is shot by John Wilkes Booth in Ford's Theater; he dies the next day .
• 1866 - Anne Mansfield Sullivan, was born. Teacher of Helen Keller .
• 1868 - Peter Behrens, was born († 1940) . German architect and designer.
• 1873 - Viktor Joseph Keldorfer, was born. Composer.
• 1879 - James Branch Cabell, was born in Richmond, Virginia (d. 5 May 1958). American author : Jurgen (1919).
• 1886 - Ernst Robert Curtius, was born († 1956). German philosopher.
• 1886 - Edward Chace Tolman wa born (d. 19 Nov 1959). U.S. psychologist who developed a system of psychology known as purposive, or molar, behaviourism, which attempts to explore the entire action of the total organism .
• 1889 - Nasce Efim Bogoljubov, jogador de xadrez russo.
• 1889 - Nace Arnold Toynbee, historiador británico.
• 1889 - Nasceu o primeiro primeiro-ministro da Índia Pndit Jawaharlal Nehru.
• 1890 - Se funda la Unión Internacional de los Países Americanos, llamada OEA desde 1948.
• 1891 - Nasceu o cientista canadiano Sir Frederik Grant Banting, um dos responsáveis pela descoberta da Insulina.
• 1891- Bhimrao Ramji Ambedkar, was born († 1956). Politician.
• 1892 - Nasce Vere Childe, arqueólogo/pré-historiador britânico .
• 1894 - Nasce José Medina, actor e director brasileiro († 1980) .
• 1894 - Thomas Edison demonstrates the kinetoscope, a device for peep-show viewing using photographs that flip in sequence, a precursor to movies.
• 1895 - Wiktor Labunski, was born. Composer.
• 1895 - Emil Ganso, was born (d. 18 Apr 1941). German-born US artist.
• 1900 - Francia: se crea en París la Unión Ciclista Internacional (UCI).
• 1901 - Martin Kessel, was born in Plauen, Vogtland (Germany) ( † 14.04.1990). German writer.
• 1902 - Marie Curie e seu marido Pierre Curie isolam o elemento radioativo radium.
• 1903 - Harry Plotz descobre a vacina contra tifóide.
• 1904 - Sir John Gielgud, was born († 2000). British actor.
• 1906 - Faisal ibn Abd al-Aziz, was born. King Arábia-Saudita (1964-1975)
• 1906 - Hunter Johnson, was born. Composer.
• 1907 - Nasce François Duvalier, ditador do Haiti.
• 1910 - President William Howard Taft begins the tradition of throwing out the first baseball on opening day.
• 1912 - RMS Titanic strikes an iceberg on its maiden voyage - it finishes sinking at about 2:20 am the next day.
• 1912 - O transatlântico inglês Titanic com 2.223 passageiros e tripulantes, bate em um iceberg na costa de Halifax, Nova Scotia e afunda ocasionando mais de 1.500 mortes.
• 1912 - Fundação do Santos Futebol Clube, de Brasil.
• 1912 - Robert Doisneau, was born in Gentilly, in the suburbs of Paris. French photographer.
• 1914 - Se funda el club Deportivo Independiente Medellín, de Colombia.
• 1914 - The town of Irving, Texas is incorporated.
• 1914 - Hubert Bland, co-founder of Fabian Society , dies (b. 1855)
• 1917 - Ludovich Lazarus Zamenhof, dies (b. 1859). Creator of Esperanto .
• 1920 - Renúncia do presidente da Guatemala, Manuel Estrada Cabrera.
• 1922 - Nace María Luisa Bemberg, guionista y directora cinematográfica.
• 1923 - Nace Roberto De Vicenzo, maestro del golf.
• 1925 - John Singer Sargent, artist (b. 1856)
• 1928 - Robert Mugabe was born. President of Zimbabwe.
• 1929 - Kazimierz Switalski assume o cargo de primeiro-ministro da Polónia
• 1936 - Kenneth Mars, was born. Actor.
• 1930 - Vladimir Mayakovsky, writer (b. 1893)
• 1931 - Spanish Cortes deposes King Alfonso XIII and proclaims the 2nd Spanish Republic.
• 1935 - Black Sunday, the worst dust storm of the Dust Bowl.
• 1935 - Amalie Emmy Noether, mathematician (b. 1882)
• 1936 - En Barcelona hace su última presentación el grupo de teatro "La Barraca", creado por Federico García Lorca.
• 1940 - Royal Marines land in Namsos, Norway, occupying key points, preparatory to a larger force arriving two days later.
• 1940 - Loretta Lynn, was born. Country singer.
• 1940 - Inauguração das novas instalações da Base Aérea da Ota - Portugal
• 1941 - Pete Rose, was born. Baseball player.
• 1944 - Huge explosion rocks the Bombay harbour killing 300 and causing a loss of 20 million pounds at that time.
• 1944 - Freighter "Fort Stikene" explodes in Bombay India, killing 1,376
• 1944 - General Eisenhower becomes head commander of allied air fleet
• 1944 - Os primeiros Judeus transportados de Atenas chegam a Auschwitz.
• 1948 - Um flash de luz é observado na cratera Plato da Lua.
• 1948 - Nasceu o Príncipe de Gales, Carlos de Inglaterra
• 1954 - Soviet diplomat Vladimir Petrov asks for politics asylum in Canberra
• 1956 - Nasce Wilian Oliveira, no Estado de Rio de Janeiro, Brasil. Jornalista e ambientalista.
• 1958 - Albert Alexandre Louis Pierre, was born. Prince of Mónaco
• 1958 - Sputnik 2 (com a cadela Laika) queima na atmosfera.
• 1958 - Acordo de abolição de vistos em passaportes entre Portugal e França
• 1961 - U.S. element 103 (Lawrencium) discovered
• 1961 - Primeira transmissão de televisão ao vivo da União Soviética .
• 1962 - Georges Pompidou becomes Prime Minister of France
• 1964 - Rachel Carson, dies (b. 1907). Writer, ecologist .
• 1964 - Gerhard Domagk, morre. Bacteriólogo alemão, Prémio Nobel de Medicina em 1939.
• 1965 - Khalid Shaikh Mohammed, suspected military head of Osama bin Laden's al-Qaeda (his birth date is also reported to be March 1, 1964)
• 1966 - Greg Maddux, was born. Baseball player
• 1967 - Gnassingbé Eyadéma torna-se Presidente do Togo depois de um golpe de estado
• 1968 - 32nd Golf Masters Championship: Bob Goalby wins, shooting a 277
• 1968 - Anthony Michael Hall, was born. Actor .
• 1968 - Anthony Michael Hall, was born. Actor .
• 1968 - Al Benton, dies (b. 1911). Major League Baseball player.
• 1969 - At the 41 st Academy Awards, a tie between Katharine Hepburn and Barbra Streisand results in the two sharing the Best Actress Oscar; Hepburn also becomes the only actress to win three Best Actress Oscars. "Oliver," won the best picture award and C Robertson was the best actor.
• 1973 - Diretor da FBI Patrick Gray renuncia depois de admitir que destruiu provas do escândalo Watergate.
• 1973 - Adrien Brody, was born. Actor .
• 1974 - Da Brat, was born. Rap musician.
• 1974 - 38th Golf Masters Championship: Gary Player wins, shooting a 278 .
• 1975 - Veronica Zemanova was born in Cesk, Czech Republic. Model. Measurements: 34DD-26-30 (source: Penthouse.com).
• 1975 - Fredric March, dies (b. 1897). Actor.
• 1976 - Morte de Zuzu Angel (Zuleika de Sousa Netto). Estilista brasileira.
• 1977 - Sarah Michelle Gellar, was born. Actress Kendall-All My Children, Buffy.
• 1978 - Sophia Lyon Fahs, educator and religious theorist, dies at 101
• 1979 - Susan Horvath, of Pennsylvania, crowned America's Young Woman of the Year 1980 .
• 1979 - El boxeador Víctor Galíndez reconquista el título mundial de los mediopesados al vencer por nocaut técnico a Mike Rossman en Las Vegas.
• 1980 - 52nd Academy Awards - "Kramer vs Kramer," D Hoffman and Sally Field win .
• 1980 - Pulitzer prize awarded to Norman Mailer (Executioner's Song) .
• 1981 - The Space Shuttle Columbia passes its first test flight .
• 1982 - Nascimento de Michelle Valle (Michelle Valle), atriz e modelo brasileira, no Rio de Janeiro-RJ
• 1984- Mariana Rubio was born in Buenos Aires, Argentina. Actress.
• 1985 - 49th Golf Masters Championship: Bernhard Langer wins, shooting a 282
• 1985 - Ahmed Salah wins 1st World Cup marathon (2:08:09) .
• 1985 - Alan Garcia vence as eleições no Peru.
• 1986 - In retaliation for the bombing of a West Berlin night club where a U.S. serviceman was killed, Ronald Reagan ordered major bombing raids against Tripoli and Benghazi, in Libya, that killed 60 people.
• 1986 - 2.2 lb (1kg) hailstones fall on the Gopalganj district of Bangladesh, killing 92. These are the heaviest hailstones ever recorded.
• 1986 - 21st Academy of Country Music Awards: G Strait, Alabama, R McEntire
• 1986 - Desmond Tutu elected Anglican archbishop of Capetown
• 1986 - Double-decker ferry sinks in stormy weather in Bangladesh killing 200
• 1988 - USSR, U.S., Pakistan and Afghanistan sign Afghanistan treaty
• 1986 - Simone de Beauvoir, dies (b. 1908). Feminist philosopher.
• 1987 - Turkey asks to join European market.
• 1988 - USS Samuel B. Roberts (FFG-58) strikes a mine in the Persian Gulf during Operation Earnest Will. U.S. retaliates against Iran on April 18 with Operation Praying Mantis, the world's largest naval battle since World War II.
• 1990 - Peter Dunn, actor (Invaders from Mars) dies .
• 1991 - 55th Golf Masters Championship: Ian Woosnam wins, shooting a 277.
• 1993 - Vivian Cardone, was born. Actress.
• 1994 - El parlamento griego vota a favor de retirar la ciudadanía al ex rey Constantino.
• 1995 - Burl Ives, folk singer, dies (b. 1909). Actor.
• 1996 - 60th Golf Masters Championship: Nick Faldo wins, shooting a 276
• 1999 - Anthony Newley, dies (b. 1931). Actor, singer.
• 2001 - Hiroshi Teshigahara, dies (b. 1927). Director .
• 2002 - Damon Knight, science fiction writer/editor/teacher, To Serve Man, dies at 79
• 2002 - Khalid Khannouchi (marroquino naturalizado norte-americano) vence a maratona de Londres.
• 2003 - Jean Charest's Parti libéral du Québec defeats Bernard Landry and the Parti Québécois in Quebec's general elections .
• 2003 - Morte, no Iraque, dos jornalistas argentinos Mario Podestá e Verónica Cabrera.
• 2004 - Sikhs celebrate the 305th anniversary of the creation of the Khalsa.
• 2004 - Eleições gerais na África do Sul.
• 2005 - Inauguração da Casa da Música, na cidade do Porto. Finalmente...Uff!