On this day in History - Apr 04

• 0186 - Caracalla was born. Roman emperor (d. 217).
• 0397 - St. Ambrose dies. Bishop of Milan (b. c. 340) .
• 0896 - Formosus ended his reign as pope.
• 1284 - Morre Alfonso X o Sabio de Castilla (n. 23 Nov 1221). Monarca e astrónomo espanhol que encorajou a preparação das tabelas planetárias revisadas (1252), publicou no dia de sua ascensão ao trono como rei de Castilha e León.
• 1292 - Pope Nicholas IV dies (b. 1227).
• 1460 - O Papa Pio II funda a Universidade de Basileia.
• 1541 - Ignatius of Loyola became the first superior-general of the Jesuits.
• 1566 - Daniele Ricciarelli da Volterra, dies (b. 1509). Italian Mannerist painter and sculptor. He is noted for his finely drawn, highly idealized figures done in the style of Michelangelo.
• 1581 - Francis Drake completes a circumnavigation of the world and is knighted by Elizabeth I.
• 1617 - John Napier, dies. Scottish mathematician who invented logarithms.
• 1633 - Pieter Pieterszoon Lastman, dies buried (b. 1583). Amsterdam Dutch painter and draftsman.
• 1648 - Grinling Gibbons was born. Master wood-worker (d. 1721) .
• 1688 - Nascia Joseph-Nicolas Delisle (m. 11 Set 1768). Astrónomo francês que propôs que a série de anéis (halos) coloridos observados ao redor do Sol são causados pela difração da luz solar através de gotículas de água / cristais de gelo em uma nuvem.
• 1693 - A Princesa D. Joana de Portugal, filha de D. Afonso V e D. Isabel, foi canonizada pelo Papa Inocêncio XII.
• 1701 - Joseph Haines dies. Entertainer and author .
• 1721 - Sir Robert Walpole enters office as the first Prime Minister of the United Kingdom under King George I.
• 1758 - Pierre Paul Prud'hon was born (d. 16 Feb 1823). French Neoclassical painter and draftsman known for his softly modeled, emotionally Romantic style.
• 1758 - John Hoppner was born (d. 23 Jan 1810). English painter.
• 1774 - Oliver Goldsmith dies (b. 1728). Irish playwright (b. 1728).
• 1780 - Edward Hicks was born (d. 23 Aug 1849). Pennsylvania Folk artist, specialized in Animals.
• 1785 - O escritor Barbosa du Bocage partiu para a Índia .
• 1785 - Bettina von Arnim was born (d. 1859). Lyricist.
• 1791 - Em Paris, a igreja de Santa Genoveva é convertida num Panteão de Homens Ilustres .
• 1807 - Joseph Jérôme Lefrançais de Lalande (n. 11 Jul 1732). Astrónomo, nascido em Bourg-en-Bresse, França. Ele determinou a paralaxe da Lua em Berlim para a Academia Francesa (1751).
• 1809 - Nascia Benjamim Peirce (m. 06 Out 1880). Astrónomo, matemático e pedagogo americano que computou as perturbações gerais dos planetas Urano e Netuno .
• 1812 - U.S. President James Madison enacted a ninety-day embargo on trade with the United Kingdom.
• 1812 - The territory of Orleans became the 18th U.S. state and will become known as Louisiana.
• 1814 - Napoleon abdicates for the first time.
• 1814 - Thomas-Germain-Joseph Duvivier dies (b. 30 Aug 1735). French artist.
• 1817 - André Masséna dies (b. 1758). French soldier.
• 1818 - The U.S. Congress adopts the flag of the United States as having 13 red and white stripes and one star for each state (20 stars) with additional stars to be added whenever a new state is added to the Union.
• 1819 - Nascimento no Rio de Janeiro de D. Maria II, filha de D. Pedro IV e da Imperatriz Maria Leopoldina.
• 1821 - Nasceu o inventor americano Linus Yale, responsável pela fechadura. (m. 25 Dec 1868).
• 1823 - Nasceu o engenheiro eléctrico inglês Sir William Siemens .
• 1841 - President William Henry Harrison dies (b. 1773) of pneumonia becoming the first President of the United States to die in office and at one month, the elected president with the shortest term served.
• 1842 - Jean Moufot dies (b. 1784). French philosopher and mathematician.
• 1843 - Nasceu o maestro austro-húngaro Hans Richter.
• 1843 - William Jackson was born. Photographer.
• 1846 - Solomon Sibley dies (b. 1769). Senator, Michigan Territory 1820-1823.
• 1849 - José Xavier Mouzinho da Silveira dies. Portuguese statesman.
• 1850 - Los Angeles, California is incorporated as a city.
• 1861 - John McLean dies (b. 1785). U.S. Supreme Court justice.
• 1865 - American Civil War: A day after Union forces captured Richmond, Virginia, U.S. President Abraham Lincoln visits the Confederate capital.
• 1866 - Alexander II of Russia narrowly escapes an assassination attempt in the city of Kiev. A design for a city gate to commemorate his escape was the inspiration for Mussorgsky's The Great Gate of Kiev from Pictures at an Exhibition.
• 1870 - George Albert Smith was born (d. 1951). President of The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints .
• 1871 - Peter Heinrich Lambert von Hess dies (b. 29 Jul 1792). German artist.
• 1875 - Pierre Monteux was born (d. 1964). Conductor.
• 1876 - Maurice de Vlaminck was born (d. 10 Oct 1958). French Fauvist painter.
• 1878 - Marie Isidore Henri Liénard de Saint-Délis was born (d. 15 Nov 1949). French painter.
• 1882 - Emil Filla, was born (d. 07 Oct 1953). Czech painter, printmaker, sculptor, writer, and collector.
• 1884 - Isoroku Yamamoto was born (d. 1943). Japanese naval commander.
• 1884 - Marie Bashkirtseff dies (b.1860). Artist.
• 1885 - Arthur Murray was born (d. 1991). Dancer.
• 1887 - Argonia, Kansas elects Susanna Medora Salter as the first female mayor in the United States.
• 1887 - William Cumming Rose was born (d. 25 Sep 1985). American biochemist who researched the role of amino acids in nutrition determining which were essential, and calculated the minimum daily requirement for each of them.
• 1888 - Tris Speaker was born (d. 1958). Baseball Hall of Famer.
• 1898 - Agnes Ayres was born (d. 1940) Silent film actress, starred with Rudolph Valentino in "The Sheik".
• 1902 - Louise Leveque de Vilmorin was born (d. 1969). Actress.
• 1905 - In India, an earthquake near Kangra kills 370,000.
• 1905 - Constantin Emile Meunier dies (b. 12 Apr 1831). Belgian sculptor and painter. He was one of the principal social-realist artists of the late19th century in Europe.
• 1906 - Bea Benaderet was born (d. 1968). Actress.
• 1906 - John Cameron Swayze was born (d. 1995). Journalist, television host.
• 1909 - Fundação do Sport Club Internacional, de Porto Alegre, Brasil.
• 1910 - Juri Pawlowitsch German was born (d. 1967). Writer.
• 1914 - Marguerite Duras was born (d. 1996). Writer.
• 1914 - A Albânia decreta mobilização geral e ameaça entrar em guerra contra a Grécia.
• 1915 - Muddy Waters [McKinley Morganfield] was born (d. 30 Apr 1983). Blues singer, guitarrist ( Close to You, Baby Please Don’t Go, She’s Nineteen Years Old, I Can’t Be Satisfied, Honey Bee).
• 1918 - World War I: Second Battle of the Somme ends.
• 1919 - Sir William Crookes, chemist and physicist (b. 1832).
• 1922 - Elmer Bernstein was born (d. 18 Aug 2004). Academy Award -winning composer of film scores : Thoroughly Modern Millie [1967]; Sudden Fear, The Man with the Golden Arm, Ten Commandments, Sweet Smell of Success, To Kill a Mocking Bird, Walk on the Wild Side, The Magnificent Seven.
• 1922 - Dircinha Batista was born. Brazilian actress and singer.
• 1928 - Maya Angelou was born. Poet, novelist.
• 1929 - Karl Benz dies (b. 1844). German engineer and inventor.
• 1931 - André Michelin dies. French tyre manufacturer.
• 1932 - Anthony Perkins, was born (d. 12 Sep 1992). Actor : Psycho series, The Sins of Dorian Gray, Mahogany, Murder on the Orient Express, On the Beach, Desire Under the Elms, Friendly Persuasion.
• 1932 - Andrei Tarkovsky, was born (d. 1986). Film director.
• 1932 - Professor C.G. King of the University of Pittsburgh isolated vitamin C after five years of research.
• 1932 -Wilhelm Ostwald dies (born 2 Sep 1853). German chemist who almost single-handedly organized physical chemistry into a nearly independent branch of chemistry. He won the Nobel Prize for Chemistry in 1909 for his work on catalysis, chemical equilibrium, and reaction velocities.
• 1933 - In the USA, 73 people died when the helium-filled airship Akron crashed into the sea off the New Jersey coast.
• 1938 - A. Bartlett Giamatti,was born (d. 01 Sep 1989). President of Yale Univ. and baseball commissioner who banned Pete Rose.
• 1939 - Hugh Masekela, was born. Musician, trumpet:" Grazing in the Grass".
• 1939 - Faisal II becomes King of Iraq.
• 1940 - Sharon Sheeley, was born. Songwriter.
• 1941 - Nasce Mussum, músico, ator e comediante brasileiro (m. 1941) .
• 1944 - Craig T. Nelson, was born. Actor (Coach, The District, The Incredibles) .
• 1945 - Daniel Cohn-Bendit, was born. Political activist.
• 1945 - World War II: American troops liberate Ohrdruf death camp in Germany.
• 1946 - Dave Hill was born. Slade, guitarist.
• 1947 - Stephen Kerton was born. Banking wizard, wide-screen tv patron .
• 1948 - Dan Simmons was born. Writer.
• 1948 - Monteiro Lobato dies.
• 1948 - Treaty creating the North Atlantic Treaty Organization. Portugal is one of them.
• 1949 - Nascia Shing-Tung Yau. Matemático Chinês premiado com a Fields Medal em 1983 pelo seu trabalho em equações diferencial parciais e geometria diferencial.
• 1950 - Christine Lahti was born. Actress.
• 1951 - Al Christie dies (b. 1881). Early Hollywood director/producer.
• 1951 - George Albert Smith dies. President of The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints (b. 1870) .
• 1952 - Rosemarie Ackermann was born. German high jumper.
• 1954 - Maestro Arturo Toscanini conducted his last concert with the NBC Symphony Orchestra at Carnegie Hall in New York City. Toscanini ended a 17-year association with the orchestra.
• 1956 - David E. Kelley was born. Writer, television producer.
• 1957 - Aki Kaurismäki was born. Finnish film-director.
• 1957 - Severiano Ballesteros was born. Spanish professional golf player.
• 1958 - Nascimento de Cazuza(Agenor Miranda de Araújo Neto), cantor da MPB, no Rio de Janeiro-RJ.
• 1958 - Mary-Margaret Humes was born. American soap opera actress.
• 1958 - Don Bliss was born. Actor, Theater Educator, Writer and Congregational Pastor.
• 1960 - Jane Eaglin was born. English soprano .
• 1960 - Hugo Weaving was born. Australian actor .
• 1960 - José Peseiro was born. Portuguese football coach ( Sporting Club de Portugal).
• 1960 - Hugo Weaving was born. Actor .
• 1960 - 32nd Annual Academy Awards at the RKO Pantages Theater, Los Angeles. Ben-Hur, won eleven Academy Awards namely the Best Picture of 1959, Best Director (William Wyler), Best Actor (Charlton Heston); Best Supporting Actor (Hugh Griffith). The best actress went to (Simone Signoret). The Best Supporting Actress award went to Shelley Winters for her performance in The Diary of Anne Frank, her second Oscar.
• 1963 - Jack Del Rio was born. American football player and coach.
• 1963 - Graham Norton was born. Talk show host.
• 1964 - The Beatles occupy all of the top five positions on the Billboard singles chart in the United States.
• 1964 - João Goulart es-presidente do Brasil exila-se no Uruguai.
• 1965 - Robert Downey Jr. was born. Actor.
• 1968 - Apollo program: NASA launches Apollo 6.
• 1968 - Martin Luther King shot dead -The American black civil rights leader, Dr. Martin Luther King, has been assassinated. Dr King was shot dead in the southern US city of Memphis, Tennessee, where he was to lead a march of sanitation workers protesting against low wages and poor working conditions (Nobel Prize in Peace 1964).
• 1968 - Morte de Assis Chateaubriand (Francisco de Assis Chateaubriand Bandeira de Melo), membro da Academia Brasileira de Letras e expoente do mundo jornalístico brasileiro, em São Paulo-SP.
• 1969 - Dr. Denton Cooley implants the first temporary artificial heart.
• 1969 - The Smothers Brothers Comedy Hour is cancelled after the brothers failed to submit an episode before its broadcast date.
• 1969 - Morre Rómulo Gallegos, novelista e político venezuelano.
• 1970 - Barry Pepper was born. Actor.
• 1972 - Adam Clayton Powell Jr. dies. American politician.
• 1972 - Stefan Wolpe dies (b. 1902). Composer.
• 1972 - Xenia Seeberg was born in Niederrhein, Germany. Model. Actress.
• 1973 - The World Trade Center in New York is officially dedicated.
• 1973 - Em Portugal tem lugar o 3.º Congresso da Oposição Democrática.
• 1973 - David Blaine, was born. Illusionist.
• 1974 - Dave Mirra, was born. Extreme sports champion.
• 1975 - Scott Rolen, was born. Baseball player.
• 1975 - Vietnam War: Operation Baby Lift - A United States Air Force C-5A Galaxy crashes near Saigon, South Vietnam shortly after takeoff, transporting orphans. 172 people are killed.
• 1976 - Prince Norodom Sihanouk resigns as leader of Cambodia and is placed under house arrest.
• 1978 - Começou a Guerra Civil em Angola.
• 1978 - O escritor cubano Alejo Carpentier recebe em Madrid o Premio Cervantes de Literatura.
• 1979 - President Zulfikar Ali Bhutto of Pakistan is executed, hanged in spite of international calls for clemency.
• 1979 - Heath Ledger, was born. Actor.
• 1979 - Ali Bhutto, dies (b. 1928). President and Prime Minister of Pakistan.
• 1980 - Red Sovine, dies . Country music entertainer .
• 1980 - Björn Wirdheim, was born. Racing driver.
• 1981 - In Dublin, Ireland, Bucks Fizz win the twenty-sixth Eurovision Song Contest for the United Kingdom singing "Making Your Mind Up".
• 1983 - Space Shuttle Challenger makes its maiden voyage into space.
• 1983 - Gloria Swanson, dies (b. 1897). Actress.
• 1984 - Winston Smith, the main character of George Orwell's book Nineteen Eighty-Four, begins writing in his secret diary.
• 1984 - President Ronald Reagan calls for an international ban on chemical weapons
• 1987 - C.L. Moore, dies (b. 1911). Science fiction writer.
• 1990 - Em El Salvador governo e guerrilha selam um acordo de paz.
• 1991 - H. John Heinz III, dies (b. 1938). Member of the U.S. Senate in a plane crash.
• 1991 - Jamie Spears, was born. Television show host.
• 1991 - Forrest Towns, dies (b. 1914). American hurdler.
• 1991 - Senator John Heinz of Pennsylvania and six others are killed when a helicopter collides with their plane over Merion, Pennsylvania.
• 1992 - Sali Berisha became the first non-Marxist president of Albania since World War II.
• 1993 - Alfred Mosher Butts dies (b. 13 Apr 1899). Architect, artist and photographer, who invented the board game Scrabble.
• 1994 - Netscape Communications Corporation is founded (under the name "Mosaic Communications Corporation") by Marc Andreessen and Jim Clark.
• 1994 - Kurt Cobain, dies. Rock Star, lead singer of Nirvana.
• 1995 - Kenny Everett, dies. British television and radio broadcaster .
• 1996 - Barney Ewell, dies (b. 1918). American athlete.
• 1996 - Larry LaPrise, dies (b. 1913). Songwriter.
• 1997 - 21 países do Conselho da Europa subsscrevem a Convenção sobre Direitos Humanos e Biomedicina, que inclui a proibição de clonar seres humanos.
• 1998 - Inaugurada a Ponte Vasco da Gama, em Lisboa, a maior ponte da Europa.
• 1999 - Early Wynn, dies (b. 1920). Baseball Hall of Famer .
• 2000 - Spring freeze brings chaos - Severe weather forces the closure of Luton airport as blizzards and flooding cause widespread chaos.
• 2002 - Harry L. O'Connor, film stuntman, died while filming xXx (movie).
• 2003 - Resortes (Adalberto Martinez Chavez), dies. Legendary Mexican comedian.