Nothingandall: On this day in History

1254 - John III Ducas Vatatzes dies (b. c. 1192). Enperor of the Empire of Nicaea.
1333 - Flood of the Arno River, causing massive damage in Florence as recorded by the Florentine chronicler Giovanni Villani.
1411 - Khalil Sultan dies (b. 1384). Ruler of Transoxonia.
1448 - King Alphonso II of Naples was born (d. 1495).
1470 - King Edward V of England was born. One of the two princes in the Tower.
1501 - Catherine of Aragon (later Henry VIII's wife) meets Arthur Tudor, Henry VIII's older brother - they would later marry.
1575 - Guido Reni was born (d. 1642). Italian painter.
1576 - Eighty Years' War: In Belgium, Spain captures Antwerp (after three days the city was nearly destroyed).
1584 - Saint Charles Borromeo dies (b. 1538). Italian cardinal.
1612 - Moscow Kitai-gorod taken by Russian troops under command of Dmitry Pozharsky
1631 - Mary of Orange was born (d. 1660). Eldest daughter of Charles I of England and mother of William III of England.
1652 - Jean-Charles de la Faille dies (b. 1597). Belgian mathematician.
1658 - Antoine Le Maistre dies (b. 1608). French Jansenist.
1661 - Karl III Philip, Elector Palatine was born (d. 1742).
1669 - Johannes Cocceius dies (b. 1603). Dutch theologian.
1677 - The future Mary II of England marries William, Prince of Orange. They would later be known as William and Mary.
1698 - Rasmus Bartholin dies (b. 1625). Danish physician and mathematician.

1702 - John Benbow dies (b. 1653). English admiral.

1704 - Andreas Acoluthus dies (b. 1654). German orientalist.

1737 - The Teatro di San Carlo is inaugurated.

1740 - Augustus Montague Toplady was born. Author of hymn, "Rock of Ages".

1744 - Johann Bernoulli III was born (d. 1807). Swiss mathematicient.

1765 - Pierre Girard was born (d. 1836). French mathematiciant.

1781 - Johann Nikolaus Götz does (b. 1721). German poet.

1783 - W.A. Mozart's Symphony No. 36 is premiered in Linz, Austria.

1791 - The Western Confederacy of American Indians win a major victory over the United States in the Battle of the Wabash.

1801 - William Shippen dies (b. 1712). American physician and delegate to the Continental Congress.

1809 - Benjamin Robbins Curtis was born (d. 1874). Justice of the U.S. Supreme Court.

1816 - Stephen Johnson Field was born (d. 1899). Justice of the U.S. Supreme Court.

1825 - The Erie Canal was completed with DeWitt Clinton performing the Wedding of The Waters ceremony.

1828 - António Coelho Lousada was born. Portuguese writer.

1834 - The Delta Upsilon Fraternity was established at Williams College Massachusetts.

1836 - Henry J. Lutcher was born (d. 1912). Business leader.

1836 - Antónia Adelaide Ferreira (Dona Antónia) dies in Lisbon (b. in Évora in 28 Aug 1780). Portuguese wine entrepreneur.

1839 – The Newport Rising is the last large-scale armed rebellion against authority in mainland Britain.

1842 - Abraham Lincoln, future US President, married Mary Todd in Springfield, Illinois.

1845 - Vasudeo Balwant Phadke was born. Indian revolutionary.

1847 - Felix Mendelssohn dies (b. 1809). German composer.

1852 - Count Camillo Benso di Cavour became the prime minister of Piedmont-Sardinia, which soon expanded to become Italy.

1856 - Hippolyte Delaroche dies (b. 1797). French painter.

1857 - Fundação de São Carlos (S. Paulo - Brasil).

1859 - Clóvis Beviláqua was born in Viçosa (CE) (d. 1944). Brazilian jurist, journalist and historian. Author of the "Código Civil Brasileiro" (Brazilian Civil Code)

1861 - The University of Washington opens in Seattle, Washington as the Territorial University.

1862 - José Estêvão Coelho de Magalhães dies (b. 1809). Portuguese journalist and politician.

1864 - American Civil War: Battle of Johnsonville - Confederate troops bombard a Union supply base and destroy millions of dollars in material.

1868 - Carolina Otero, a.k.a La Belle Otero was born (d. 1965). Spanish actress, singer and courtesan.

1869 - The first issue of the scientific journal Nature is published.

1872 - Manuel Azevedo da Silveira Neto was born in Morretes, Paraná (d. 1942). Brazilian , poet.

1874 - Aleksandr Vasilevich Kolchak was born (d. 1920). Russian military commander.

1877 - A construção da Ponte de Dona Maria Pia é concluída.

1879 - Will Rogers was born (d. 1935). American humorist and entertainer.

1883 - Nikolaos Plastiras was born (d. 1953). Greek general and politician.

1884 - U.S. presidential election, 1884: Democrat Grover Cleveland defeats Republican James G. Blaine in a very close contest to win the first of his two non-consecutive terms.

1884 - Harry Ferguson was born (d. 1960). Aviator, plane and farm equipment designer (Ferguson Company).

1889 - Menelek of Shoa obtains the allegiance of a large majority of the Ethiopian nobility, paving the way for him to be crowned emperor.

1890 - City & South London Railway: London's first deep-level tube railway opens between King William Street and Stockwell.

1890 - Alfred Henschke, ps. Klabund was born (d. 1928). German writer and poet.

1893 - Pierre Tirard dies (b. 1827). French politician.

1896 - Carlos P. Garcia was born (d. 1971). 8th President of the Philippines.

1897 - Lorenzo Fernandez was born (d. 1948). Brazilian musician, composer and conductor

1899 - Sigmund Freud's The Interpretation of Dreams is published.

1899 - Nicolas Frantz was born (d. 1985). Luxembourgish cyclist.

1900 - Lucreţiu Pătrăşcanu was born (d. 1954). Romanian communist activist and sociologist

1901 - Spyridon Marinatos was born (d. 1974). Greek archaeologist.

1901 - Princess Bang-ja of Korea was born (d. 1989).

1902 - Pierre Verger was born in Paris (d. 1996). Photograpsher and ethnologist.

1904 - Tadeusz Żyliński was born (d. 1967). Polish technician and textilist.

1906 - John H. Ketcham dies (b. 1832). American politician.

1908 - Józef Rotblat was born (d. 2005). Polish physicist, Nobel Peace Prize laureate.

1908 - Stanley Cortez was born (d. 1997). American cinematographer.

1909 - Bert Patenaude was born (d. 1974). American soccer player.

1909 - Skeeter Webb was born (d. 1986). Baseball player.

1910 - Torres Pastorinho was born in Rio de Janeiro. Brazilian journalist, historian and writer.

1911 - O túmulo do faraó Tutankhamon foi descoberto, em Luxor no Egipto, pelo arqueólogo inglês Howard Carter.

1912 - Vadim Salmanov was born (d. 1978). Russian composer.

1913 - Gig Young was born (d. 1978). American actor.

1914 - Martin Balsam was born (d. 1996). American actor.

1916 - Walter Cronkite was born. American news broadcaster.

1918 - World War I: Austria-Hungary surrenders to Italy.

1918 - The German Revolution begins when 40,000 sailors take over the port in Kiel.

1918 - Art Carney was born (d. 2003). American actor.

1918 - Cameron Mitchell was born (d. 1994). American actor.

1918 - Wilfred Owen dies (b. 1893). English poet.

1919 - Martin Balsam was born (d. 1996). American actor.

1921 - The Sturmabteilung or SA is formally formed by Adolf Hitler.

1921 - Japanese Prime Minister Hara Takashi assassinated in Tokyo.

1921 - Italian unknown soldier is buried in the Altare della Patria ( Fatherland Altar ) in Rome.

1922 - In Egypt, British archaeologist Howard Carter and his men find the entrance to King Tutankhamen's tomb in the Valley of the Kings.

1922 - Benno Besson was born (d. 2006). Swiss actor.

1923 - Freddy Heineken was born (d. 2002). Dutch businessman.

1924 - Nellie Tayloe Ross of Wyoming is elected as the first female governor in the United States.

1924 - Calvin Coolidge is elected the twenty-ninth President of the United States of America.

1924 - Monsueto was born (d. 1973). Brazilian musician (Samba).

1924 - Howie Meeker was born. National Hockey League player, politician.

1924 - Gabriel Fauré dies (b. 1845). French composer.

1924 - Richard Conner dies (b. 1843). American Civil War Medal of Honor Recipient.

1927 - Frank Heath and his horse Gypsy Queen return to Washington, D.C., having completed a two-year journey of 11,356 miles to all 48 states.

1928 - Hannah Weiner was born. American experimental poet.

1928 - Arnold Rothstein (b. 1882), New York City's most notorious gambler, is shot dead over a poker game.

1929 - Shaike Ophir was born (d. 1987). Israeli actor.

1930 - Dick Groat was born. American baseball player.

1930 - Doris Roberts was born. American actress.

1930 - Buddy Bolden dies (b. 1877). American musician.

1932 - Thomas Klestil was born (d. 2004). President of Austria.

1933 - Tito Francona was born (d. 2004). American baseball player.

1936 - C. K. Williams was born. American poet.

1937 - Loretta Swit was born. American actress.

1937 - Michael Wilson was born. Canadian politician

1939 - World War II: U.S. President Franklin D. Roosevelt orders the United States Customs Service to implement the Neutrality Act of 1939, allowing cash-and-carry purchases of weapons by belligerents.

1940 - Delbert McClinton was born. American musician.

1941 - Manuel Rui was born in Huambo. Angolan poet.

1942 - World War II: Second Battle of El Alamein - Disobeying a direct order by Adolf Hitler, General Field Marshal Erwin Rommel leads his forces on a five-month retreat.

1943 - Bob Wollek was born (d. 2001). French race car driver.

1943 - Clark Graebner was born. American tennis player.

1943 - Marlène Jobert was born. French actress.

1944 - Linda Gary was born (d. 1995). American voice-actress.

1944 - Scherrie Payne was born. American singer (The Supremes).

1946 - Frederick Elmes was born. American cinematographer.

1946 - Laura Bush was born. First Lady of the United States.

1946 - Robert Mapplethorpe was born (d. 1989). American photographer.

1948 - T. S. Eliot is announced that won the Nobel Prize for Literature "for his outstanding, pioneer contribution to present-day poetry"

1948 - Truman is reelected President of United States.

1950 - Charles Frazier was born. American author.

1950 - Markie Post was born. American actress.

1950 - Grover Cleveland Alexander dies (b. 1887). American baseball player.

1951 - Cosey Fanni Tutti was born. English performance artist (Throbbing Gristle, Chris and Cosey)

1951 - Traian Băsescu was born. President of Romania.

1952 - The United States government establishes the National Security Agency.

1952 - U.S. presidential election, 1952: Republican Dwight D. Eisenhower defeats Democrat Adlai Stevenson.

1953 - Carlos Gutierrez was born. American politician.

1953 - Jacques Villeneuve was born. Canadian racing driver.

1953 - Dr. Marvel Williamson was born. American educator.

1954 - Chris Difford was born. English musician and songwriter.

1955 - The rebuilt Vienna State Opera reopens with Ludwig van Beethoven's Fidelio after it was totally destroyed in World War II.

1955 - Matti Vanhanen was born. Prime Minister of Finland.

1955 - Cy Young dies (b. 1867). American baseball player.

1956 - Soviet troops enter Hungary to end the Hungarian revolution that started on October 23. Thousands are killed, more are wounded, and nearly a quarter million leave the country.

1956 - James Honeyman-Scott was born (d. 1982). English guitarist (The Pretenders).

1956 - Jordan Rudess was born. American musician (Dream Theater).

1956 - Art Tatum dies (b. 1909). American musician.

1957 - Shoghi Effendi dies (b. 1897). Guardian of the Bahá'í Faith.

1958 - Anne Sweeney was born. American television executive.

1960 - Filming wraps on The Misfits, starring Marilyn Monroe and Clark Gable - the last film for both.

1960 - Frl. Menke was born. German pop singer of the Neue Deutsche Welle.

1960 - Marc Awodey was born. American artist and writer.

1961 - Daron Hagen was born. American composer.

1961 - Edward Knight was born. American composer.

1961 - Kathy Griffin was born. American comedian.

1961 - Les Sampou was born. American musician.

1961 - Nigel Worthington was born. Northern Irish footballer.

1961 - Ralph Macchio was born in Huntington, Long Island, New York. American actor.

1962 - In a test of the Nike-Hercules air defense missile, Shot Dominic-Tightrope is successfully detonated 69,000 feet above Johnston Island. It would also be the final atmospheric nuclear test ever conducted by the United States.

1962 - Jeff Probst was born. American television host.

1963 - Lena Zavaroni was born. Scottish artist and singer.

1963 - Marc Déry was born. Québécois singer and guitarist (Zébulon).

1963 - Michel Therrien was born. National Hockey League head coach.

1963 - Rosario Flores was born. Spanish singer and actress.

1963 - Carlos Magalhães de Azeredo dies (b. 1872). Brazilian diplomat and writer.

1965 - Jeff Scott Soto was born. American musician (Yngwie Malmsteen Band, Journey).

1965 - Malandra Burrows was born. English actress and singer.

1965 - Tomoaki Ishizuka "Pata" was born. Japanese musician.

1965 - Wayne Static was born. American singer/guitarist (Static-X).

1966 - Two-thirds of Florence, Italy is submerged as the Arno and Po rivers flood; 113 people die, 30,000 are rendered homeless, and countless Renaissance artworks and books are destroyed.

1966 - H. John Heinz IV was born. American medieval armor craftsman; son of Teresa Heinz.

1967 - Racing Club de Avellaneda wins the Intercontinental cup, beating Glasgow Celtic 1-0 at Centenary stadium.

1967 - Eric Karros was born. American baseball player.

1968 - Carlos Baerga was born. Puerto Rican baseball player.

1968 - Michel Kikoine dies (b. 1892). Belarusian painter.

1969 - Matthew McConaughey was born in Uvalde, Texas. American actor.

1969 - Sean Jean "Diddy" Combs was born. American rapper.

1969 - Carlos Marighella dies (b. 1911). Brazilian politician.

1970 - Vietnam War: Vietnamization - The United States turns control of the air base in the Mekong Delta over to South Vietnam.

1970 - Genie, a 13 year old feral child was found in Los Angeles, California having been locked in her bedroom for most of her life.

1970 - Tim DeBoom was born. American triathlete.

1972 - Luis Figo was born. Portuguese football player.

1972 - Tabassum Hashmi was born. Indian actress.

1973 - The Netherlands experiences the first Car Free Sunday caused by the 1973 oil crisis. Highways are deserted and are solely used by cyclists and roller skaters.

1974 - M62 bomber jailed for life Judith Ward is convicted of an army coach bombing in which 12 people died. Her conviction was quashed 18 years later.

1974 - Portugal: Sede Nacional do Partido Popular sofre ataques, ameaças e assaltos por radicais de extrema-esquerda.

1974 - Cedric Bixler-Zavala was born. American musician (At the Drive-in, The Mars Volta)

1974 - Bert Patenaude dies (b. 1909). American soccer player.

1975 - Eduard Kokcharov was born.Russian handball player.

1975 - Eric Fichaud was born. Canadian ice hockey player.

1975 - Curtis Stone was born. Australian chef and television personality.

1975 - Heather Tom was born. American actress.

1976 - Bruno Junqueira was born. Brazilian racing driver.

1976 - Mario Melchiot was born. Dutch footballer.

1977 - Larry Bigbie was born. American baseball player.

1977 - So Ji-sub was born. South Korean swimmer, model and actor.

1977 - Tonicha Jeronimo was born. British actress.

1978 - Carmen Cali was born. American baseball player.

1978 - John Grabow was born. American baseball player.

1978 - Joaquim Maria Moreira Cardozo dies (b. in Recife on 26 Aug 1897). Brazilian poet and engineer.

1979 - Iran hostage crisis begins: Iranian radicals, mostly students, invade the United States embassy in Tehran and take 90 hostages (63 of whom are American). 1979. Cerca de 500 jovens militantes iranianos invadiram a Embaixada dos Estados Unidos em Teerão, no Irão, e fizeram 90 reféns, incluindo 52 americanos, que mantiverram sequestrados durante 444 dias.

1979 - Audrey Hollander was born. American pornographic actress.

1979 - Jesse Camp was born. Former MTV veejay.

1979 - Trishelle Cannatella was born. American reality tv castmember and model.

1980 - U.S. presidential election, 1980: Republican challenger Ronald Reagan defeats incumbent Democrat Jimmy Carter by a wide margin.

1980 - Jerry Collins was born. New Zealand rugby union footballer.

1980 - Marcy Rylan was born. American actress.

1980 - Richard Owens was born. American football player.

1980 - Sabrina Colie was born. Jamaican actress.

1980 - Elsie MacGill dies (b. 1905). Canadian aeronautical engineer.

1981 - Vince Wilfork was born. American football player.

1982 - Mother jailed in dingo baby trial.

1982 - Devin Hester was born. American football player.

1982 - Dominique Dunne dies (b. 1959). American actress.

1984 - Dell is founded.

1984 - Sandinista Front wins the elections in Nicaragua.

1985 - Marcell Jansen was born. German football player.

1986 - Chief Justice Rose Bird and two colleagues are removed by the electorate from the Supreme Court of California for their opposition to capital punishment.

1986 - Adrian Zaugg was born. South African racing driver.

1986 - Alexz Johnson was born. Canadian singer and actress (Final Destination 3 ; Instant Star).

1986 - Kurt Hirsch dies (b. 1906). German mathematician.

1987 - Shaike Ofir dies (b. 1929). Israeli actor.

1989 - The congress of the Solidarity Party is inaugurated in Sweden. The congress. decides, contrary to the proposal of the central committee, not to disband the party.

1990 - Jean-Luc Bilodeau was born. Canadian actor

1993 - Jean Chrétien takes office as Prime Minister of Canada.

1993 - Bolivia becomes a member of the Berne Convention copyright treaty.

1993 - A series of fires destroy 1000 homes in southern California, causing between 500 million and 1 billion USD of damage. Half of the fires turn out to be arson.

1993 - A China Airlines Boeing 747 overran Runway 13 at Hong Kong's Kai Tak International Airport while landing during a typhoon. The wind was gusting to gale force at the time. It touched down more than 2/3 down the runway and was unable to stop before the runway ran out and the plane crashed into the sea. 22 people were injured.

1994 - San Francisco: First conference that focused exlusively on the subject of the commercial potential of the World Wide Web.

1994 - Fred Sonic Smith dies (b. 1949). American guitar player MC5

1995 - Israeli prime minister Yitzhak Rabin assassinated by an extreme right-wing Israeli.

1995 - After attending a peace rally in Tel Aviv's Kings Square, Israeli prime minister and Nobel Peace Prize Yitzhak Rabin (b. 1922) is mortally wounded by an extreme right-wing Israeli assassin. He dies of his wounds later that night in a Tel Aviv Hospital.

1995 - Gilles Deleuze dies (suicide) (b. 1925). French philosopher.

1995 - Paul Eddington dies. British actor.

1995 - Yitzhak Rabin dies (b. 1922). Israeli prime minister; recipient of the Nobel Peace Prize.

1997 - H. Richard Hornberger dies (b. 1924). American writer.

1999 - Malcolm Marshall dies (b. 1958). West Indian cricketer.

2001 - Hurricane Michelle hits Cuba, destroying crops and thousands of homes.

2001 - The Police Service of Northern Ireland is established.

2001 - Frei Bartolomeu dos Mártires é beatificado.

2002 - Chinese authorities arrest cyber-dissident He Depu for signing pro-democracy letter to the 16th Communist Party Congress.

2002 - Fugazi plays last show to date in London, UK at The Forum.

2003 - The most powerful solar flare as observed by satellite instrumentation is recorded.

2003 - Former HealthSouth CEO Richard Scrushy becomes the first person indicted under the Sarbanes-Oxley Act. He was eventually acquitted.