On this day in History - Jan. 14

• 1261 - D. Matilde was born. Countess of Bologna and Queen of Portugal (wife of King Afonso III).
• 1301 - Andrew III dies, ending the Arpad dynasty in Hungary.
• 1331 - Odoric dies. Italian explorer
• 1451 - Franchinus Gaffurius was born (d. 1522). Italian composer.
• 1477 - Hermann of Wied was born (d. 1552). German Catholic archbishop.
• 1501 - Martin Luther, 17, enters the University of Erfurt.
• 1514 - Pope Leo X issued a papal bull against slavery.
• 1539 - Spain annexes Cuba.
• 1551 - Alberico Gentili was born (d. 1608). Italian jurist.
• 1615 - John Biddle was born (d. 1662). English theologian.
• 1623 - Paolo Sarpi dies at 70. Italian church historian and politician.
• 1639 - The first constitution of Connecticut, Fundamental Orders, was adopted.
• 1640 - Thomas Coventry, 1st Baron Coventry dies (b. 1578). English lawyer and judge.
• 1659 - Portugal: Batalha das Linhas de Elvas
• 1676 - Francesco Cavalli dies (b. 1602). Italian composer.
• 1684 - Jean-Baptiste van Loo was born (d. 1745). French painter.
• 1690 - The clarinet is invented in Nuremberg, Germany.
• 1701 - Tokugawa Mitsukuni dies (b. 1628). Japanese warlord
• 1702 - Nakamikado Emperor of Japan was born (d. 1737) .
• 1705 - Jean-Baptiste Charles Bouvet de Lozier was born (d. 1786). French governor of the Mascarene Islands.
• 1724 - King Philip V of Spain abdicates the throne.
• 1741 - Benedict Arnold was born (General in United States' Revolutionary War, turncoat) (d. 1801) .
• 1742 - Edmond Halley dies at 85. English scientist, a genius eclipsed by Newton.
• 1753 - George Berkeley dies (b. 1685). Irish theologian.
• 1771 - Maria Francisca Doroteia de Bragança dies in Lisbon (b. 1739). Daughter of King José I of Portugal and Mariana Vitória of Spain.
• 1784 - Treaty of Paris: The United States ratified treaty with England ending the Revolutionary War.
• 1786 - Meshech Weare dies (b. 1713). Governor of New Hampshire.
• 1788 - François Joseph Paul, marquis de Grasetilly, comte de Grasse dies (b. 1722). French admiral.
• 1792 - Christian Julius De Meza was born (d. 1865). Danish general.
• 1797 - Battle of Rivoli
• 1798 - Johan Rudolf Thorbecke was born (d. 1872). Dutch politician.
• 1800 - Ludwig Alois Ferdinand Köchel was born (d. 1877). Austrian researcher on music.
• 1801 - Adolphe-Théodore Brongniart was born (d. 18 Feb 1876). French botanist whose classification of fossil plants, which drew surprisingly accurate relations between extinct and existing forms prior to Charles Darwin's principles of organic evolution, earned him distinction as the founder of modern paleobotany .
• 1806 -Matthew Fontaine Maury was born, [died 1 Feb 1873]. As a U.S. naval officer, Maury was a pioneer hydrographer.
• 1814 - Treaty of Kiel: Frederick VI of Denmark cedes Norway to Sweden in return for Pomerania.
• 1818 - Zacharias Topelius was born (d. 1898). Finnish-Swedish writer, journalist and historian
• 1825 - George Dance the Younger dies (b. 1741). English architect.
• 1836 - Henri Fantin-Latour, was born (d. 1904). French painter.
• 1841 - Berthe Morisot, was born (d. 1895). French Impressionist painter.
• 1850 - Pierre Loti was born (d. 1923). French writer [Aziyadé (1879) , Madame Chrysanthème (1887)].
• 1850 - Germany: While held in the Königstein fortress, the anarchist Michael Bakunin is condemned to death by Saxon tribun. Bakunin's death sentence is commuted to life imprisonment in June.
• 1852 - Promulgación de una nueva Constitución en Francia, que otorga el poder a Carlos Luis Bonaparte.
• 1856 - J F Archibald was born (d. 10 Sep 1919). Australian jouirnalist and publisher.
• 1858 - Napoleon III of France escapes an assassination attempt by an Italian revolutionary Felice Orsini
• 1861 - Mehmed VI was born (d. 1926). Ottoman sultan.
• 1861 - David Wesson was born (d. 22 May 1934). American chemist who created Wesson cooking oil. He experimented with purifying cotton seed oil, developed a system in 1900 to make the pure oil palatable, and formed the Southern Oil Company to market it.
• 1863 - Manuel Gomes da Costa was born (dies 1929). Portuguese militar and President of Portuguese Republic.
• 1866 - G. I. Gurdjieff was born (d. 1949). Greek-Armenian mystic and teacher of dancing. He stated that he was born at the stroke of midnight at the beginning of New Year's Day, Julian calendar .
• 1866 - O Peru, insatisfeito com os termos do tratado de paz reconhecendo sua independência em 1865, declara guerra à Espanha.
• 1875 - Albert Schweitzer was born (d.1965). Alsatian physician, Christian missionary, philosopher, and musician, winner of the Nobel Peace Prize 1952 .
• 1876 - Queda patentado el teléfono por su inventor, Graham Bell.
• 1876 - Jean Auguste Dominique Ingres dies (b. 1780). French painter.
• 1882 - Nina Ricci was bornin Turin († 1970). Italian-born French stylist.
• 1886 - Hugh Lofting was born (d. 1947). English author, creator of the children's Dr. Doolittle series.
• 1888 - Émile Bachelet was born (d. 1967). Anarchiste and writer (Trimards (roman) 1951)
• 1888 - Maurice Dommanget was born in Paris. Pedagogue and activ syndicalis, his best known work is L’Histoire du Premier Mai.
• 1888 - Jean-Baptiste André Godin dies (b. 1817).French industrialist and social reformer
• 1889 - Ema Puksec Aka Ilma de Murska dies (b. 1834). Croatian opera singer.
• 1890 -Arthur Holmes was born [ died 20 Sep 1965]; English geologist and petrologist was one of the foremost geologists of the twentieth century, who made major contributions to the geochronology of Africa, the genesis of igneous rocks, and physical geology .
• 1890 - Rolla Neil Harger was born [died 8 Aug 1983]; American toxicologist and biochemist who was at Indiana University when he invented the first successful machine for testing human blood alcohol content, called the Drunkometer (1931).
• 1892 - Hal Roach was born (d. 19892). American film producer.
• 1893 - England: Independent Labour Party founded, Bradford, headed by Keir Hardie.
• 1896 - Martin Niemöller was born (d. 1984). German theologian and pacifist.
• 1896 - John Dos Passos was born (d. 1970). American author.
• 1897 - Primera ascensión al Aconcagua (Argentina).
• 1898 - Lewis Carroll (Charles Lutwidge Dogson) dies (b. 1832). English writer and mathematician.
• 1898 - Juarez Távora was born (d. 1975). Brazilian militar and politician.
• 1900 - Giacomo Puccini's opera Tosca premieres in Rome.
• 1901 - Víctor Balaguer dies. Spanish writer and politician.
• 1902 - Alfred Tarski was born (d. 26 Oct 1983). Polish-born American mathematician and logician who made important studies of general algebra, measure theory, mathematical logic, set theory, and metamathematics.
• 1904 - Emily Hahn, was born (d. 1997). American novelist, travel author, bon vivant (d. 1997) .
• 1905 - Cecil Beaton was born (d. 1980). English photographer.
• 1905 - Ernst Abbe was born (d. 1840). German physicist.
• 1906 - William Bendix was born (d. 1964). Actor.
• 1907 - An earthquake in Kingston, Jamaica kills more than 1,000.
• 1908 - Rus Columbo was born. American singer, bandleader, composer .
• 1912 - Rudolf Hagelstange, was born German lyricist, narrator and essayist (d. 1984) .
• 1914 - Harold Russell was born (d. 2002). Canadian-born actor.
• 1914 - la erupción del volcán Strato en la isla de Sakura (Japón) provoca la muerte de 7.000 personas y destruye 13.000 casas .
• 1915 - Mark Goodson was born (d. 1992). Game show producer.
• 1919 - Andy Rooney was born. American television journalist .
• 1919 - Giulio Andreotti was born. Italian politician.
• 1920 - Chava Flores was born. Mexican actor and composer.
• 1921 - Murray Bookchin was born. American anarchist. Prolific author, philosopher, ecologist (under the pseudonym Lewis Herber during the 50s Red Scare & blacklist), historian, advocate of 'Libertarian Municipalism', head of the Institute for Social Ecology in Vermont.
• 1924 - Guy Williams was born. American actor ("Zorro").
• 1925 - Yukio Mishima was born (d. 1970). Japanese writer .
• 1926 - Tom Tryon was born (d. 1991). American actor and novelist.
• 1931 - Caterina Valente was born. French singer, actress.
• 1932 - Don Garlits was born. American race car driver .
• 1933 - Stan Brakhage was born (d. 2003). American filmmaker.
• 1934 - Richard Briers was born. English actor
• 1937 - Ken Higgs was born. English cricketer
• 1938 - Jack Jones was born. Singer, actor.
• 1938 - Allen Toussaint was born. American singer
• 1939 - Norway claims Queen Maud Land in Antarctica.
• 1940 - Julian Bond was born. Civil rights activist (cofounder of the Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee, chairman of NAACP board of directors) .
• 1941 - Faye Dunaway was born. American actress .
• 1941 - Milan Kučan was born. Slovenian politician, statesman .
• 1942 - Stig Engström was born. Actor .
• 1942 - Porfirio Barba-Jacob dies (b. 1883). Colombian poet and writer.
• 1943 - José Luis Rodríguez (El Puma) was born in Caracas. Venezuelan singer.
• 1943 - Shannon Lucid was born. American biochemist and astronaut who stayed aboard the Russian space station Mir in 1996 for a record-breaking 188 days .
• 1943 - President Roosevelt and Prime Minister Churchill meet at the Casablanca Conference to discuss World War II).
• 1944 - Marjoe Gortner was born. American evangelist and actor.
• 1944 - Nina Totenberg was born. American journalist.
• 1945 - Marina Gielgud was born. English-born dancer and Artistic director of Australian Ballet
• 1946 - India: Two jetties collapse in Ganges — 160 Hindu pilgrims are crushed.
• 1946 - Harold Shipman was born (d. 2004). British serial killer.
• 1947 - Bill Werbeniuk was born (d. 2003). Canadian snooker player.
• 1947 - Paulo Ubiratan was born. Brazilian diretor and actor ?
• 1948 - Carl Weathers was born. Actor.
• 1948 - T-Bone Burnett was born. American producer and musician .
• 1948 - Carl Weathers was born. American actor.
• 1949 - Lawrence Kasdan was born. American director, screenwriter .
• 1949 - Joaquín Turina dies (b. 1882). Spanish composer.
• 1950 - Nelson Bornier was born. Brazilian politician.
• 1951 - The National Football League has its first Pro Bowl Game (Los Angeles, California).
• 1951 - Jan Timman was born. Dutch chess player.
• 1952 - The Today show premieres on NBC.
• 1952 - Iniciam-se os Jogos Olímpicos de Inverno em Oslo
• 1952 - Sydney Biddle Barrows was born. American author
• 1953 - Tito formally became the first president of the Republic of Yugoslavia.
• 1953 - Importantes descubrimientos arqueológicos de las culturas incaica y preincaica cerca de Cuzco (Perú).
• 1954 - The Hudson Motor Car Company merges with Nash-Kelvinator forming the American Motors Corporation.
• 1954 - Marilyn Monroe weds baseball legend Joe DiMaggio.
• 1956 - Ben Heppner was born, Canadian tenor .
• 1957 - Humphrey Bogart dies (b. 1899). Actor ("Casablanca").
• 1957 - Suzanne Danielle was born. English actress.
• 1958 - Marcos Pérez Jiménez, president of Venezuela is deposed.
• 1959 - Michael McCaul was born. American politician.
• 1959 - Geoff Tate was born. American musician (Queensrÿche)
• 1962 - Michael McCaul was born. American politician
• 1962 - Justin Olive dies (b. 1886). French militant anarchist and revolutionary syndicalist.
• 1963 - Steven Soderbergh was born. Director .
• 1963 - George Wallace sworn in as Alabama's governor, promising "segregation forever."
• 1964 - Shepard Smith was born. American news anchor
• 1965 - Marc Delissen was born. Dutch field hockey player.
• 1965 - Os primeiros-ministros da Irlanda e da Irlanda do Norte se reúnem pela primeira vez em 43 anos.
• 1965 - Jeanette MacDonald dies. Actress, singer.
• 1965 - Adonias Filho is elected as member of Brazilian Letters Academy ( Academia Brasileira de Letras)
• 1966 - Barry Fitzgerald dies (b. 1888). Actor.
• 1966 - Bill Carr dies (b. 1909) . American athlete who was a double Olympic champion in 1932.
• 1966 - Sergei Korolev dies (b. 1906). Russian rocket scientist.
• 1967 - Kerri Green was born. American actress.
• 1967 - Emily Watson was born. English actress.
• 1967 - Zakk Wylde was born. Rock musician ( Ozzy Osbourne , Black Label Society).
• 1968 - LL Cool J was born. Rapper, actor (Toys, In Too Deep, Any Given Sunday)
• 1968 - Soyuz 4 is launched.
• 1968 - LL Cool J was born. American rapper and actor
• 1969 - Jason Bateman was born. American actor.
• 1969 - David Grohl was born. American drummer and composer.
• 1969 - An explosion aboard the USS Enterprise near Hawaii kills 25.
• 1970 - Diana Ross e seu grupo musical “the Supremes” fazem a sua última apresentação em conjunto, no hotel Frontier, em Las Vegas.
• 1970 - Sato Eisaku is elected to his third term as Prime Minister of Japan.
• 1970 - William Feller dies (b. 1906). Croatian mathematician.
• 1970 - Ammon Hennacy dies. American anarchist and pacifist
• 1971 - Lasse Kjus was born. Norwegian skier.
• 1972 - Predrag Gosta was born. Yugoslav-born conductor, musicologist, and harpsichordist
• 1972 - Kyle Brady was born. National Football League tight end
• 1972 - King Frederick IX of Denmark dies (b. 1899).
• 1972 - Queen Margrethe II of Denmark accended to the throne, the first Queen of Denmark since 1412 and the first Danish monarch not named Frederick nor Christian since 1513.
• 1972 - Sanford & Son premieres on NBC.
• 1973 - Super Bowl VII: The Miami Dolphins defeat the Washington Redskins. The Dolphins become the first NFL team to go undefeated in a season.
• 1973 - Giancarlo Fisichella was born. Italian race car driver.
• 1974 - Cassiano Ricardo dies (b. 1895). Brazilian journalist, poet and essayist.
• 1975 - Teenage heiress Lesley Whittle is kidnapped by the Black Panther.
• 1977 - Narain Karthikeyan was born. Indian F1 race car driver.
• 1977 - Peter Finch dies (b. 1916). English-born actor.
• 1977 - Anaïs Nin dies (b. 1903). French author.
• 1977 - Anthony Eden dies (b. 1897). Prime Minister of the United Kingdom.
• 1978 - Blossom Rock dies (b. 21 Aug 1895). American actress
• 1978 - Kurt Gödel dies (b. 1906). Austrian mathematician.
• 1978 - Harold Abrahams dies (b. 1899). British athlete.
• 1978 - Johnny Rotten quits the Sex Pistols after the final show of their American tour, at the Winterland Ballroom in San Francisco.
• 1980 - Cory Gibbs was born. American soccer player .
• 1980 - Byron Leftwich was born. American football player.
• 1980 - Robert Ardrey dies (b. 1908). American author.
• 1981 - Rosa López was born. Spanish singer
• 1984 - Ray Kroc dies (b. 1902). McDonalds founder.
• 1984 - Ray Mancini defeats Bobby Chacon by a knockout in three to retain his WBA boxing world Lightweight title in Reno.
• 1985 - Martina Navratilova wins her 100th tennis tournament.
• 1986 - Donna Reed dies (b. 1921). American actress.
• 1986 - Britain and US are asked for help by Lesotho in breaking South Africa's border blockade.
• 1986 - Thierry Sabine dies. Rallye Paris-Dakar organizer.
• 1988 - Georgi Malenkov dies. First Secretary of the Central Committee of the Soviet Communist Party .
• 1988 - Mikalah Gordon was born. American singer.
• 1989 - England: 1,000 enlightened Muslims burn Salmon Rushdies' Satanic Verses in Bradford.
• 1990 - The Simpsons debuts on FOX as a regular series with the episode "Bart the Genius". Matt Groening's satire of the American family offers visually clever parodies of the media itself.
• 1991 - Guatemala: Jorge Serrano Elias installed as president.
• 1991 - The deputy leader of the Palestine Liberation Organisation, Salah Khalaf (Abu Iyad) is assassinated in Tunis by a bodyguard (possibly on the instructions of Abu Nidal).
• 1993 - Five women are stoned to death in Somalia for adultery.
• 1993 - David Letterman announces he was moving his television talk show from NBC to CBS.
• 1994 - President of the United States Bill Clinton and Russian President Boris Yeltsin sign the Kremlin accords which stop the preprogrammed aiming of nuclear missiles to targets and also provide for the dismantling of the nuclear arsenal in Ukraine.
• 1994 - Federica Montseny dies in Toulouse, France (b. 1905). Spanish feminist and educator
• 1996 - O empresário Álvaro Arzu, um político de direita, assume poder como o novo presidente da Guatemala.
• 1996 - Jorge Sampaio is elected president of Portugal.
• 1997 - The Spanish José María Gil-Robles is elected President of European Parlament
• 1998 - Researchers in Dallas, Texas present findings about an enzyme that slows aging and cell death (apoptosis).
• 1998 - An Afghan cargo plane crashes into a mountain in southwest Pakistan killing more than 50 people.
• 1999 - Bryn Jones (a.k.a. Muslimgauze) dies (b. 1961). British musician.
• 2000 - A United Nations tribunal sentences five Bosnian Croats to up to 25 years for the 1993 killing of over 100 Muslims in a Bosnian village.
• 2000 - Sport Club Corinthians Paulista wins Vasco da Gama, on the final match for the FIFA Club World Championship.
• 2000 - The Dow Jones Industrial Average reached a record high of 11,722.98.
• 2000 - David Letterman undergoes quintuple heart bypass surgery.
• 2001 - Burkhard Heim dies (b. 1925). German physicist.
• 2003 - Human Rights Watch annual report criticizes Burma, China, Cuba, Iran, Iraq, Liberia, Russia, the USA and Vietnam.
• 2004 - Amartya Sen steps down as Master of Trinity College, Cambridge.
• 2004 - The national flag of Georgia, the so-called "five cross flag", was restored to official use after a hiatus of some 500 years.
• 2004 - Goatse.cx is suspended by the Christmas Island Technology Corporation following a massive grassroots movement to close the site forever.
• 2004 - Uta Hagen dies (b. 1919). American actress.
• 2004 - Ron O'Neal dies (b. 1937). American actor.
• 2004 - Valfar dies. Norwegian musician (Windir).
• 2005 - Charlotte MacLeod dies (b. 1922). American writer.
• 2005 - Conroy Maddox dies (b. 1912). English painter.
• 2005 - Rudolph Moshammer dies (b. 1940). German fashion designer.
• 2005 - Jesús-Rafael Soto dies (b. 1923). Venezuelan kinetic artist.
• 2005 - Landing of the Huygens probe on Saturn's moon Titan.
• New Year's Day in Eastern Orthodoxy, see Julian Calendar.
• Makar Sankranti in India. The event is marked by flying kites. Also Pongal in South India.
• Municipal holyday in Elvas (Portugal)
• Feast of St. Felix