On this day in History - Jul 19

0711 - Muslim forces under Tariq ibn Ziyad defeat the Visigoths led by their king Roderic at the battle of Guadalete.

0810 -Muhammad ibn al-Bukhari was born. Schola.

1333 - Battle of Halidon Hill: the final battle of the Wars of Scottish Independence.
1374 - Petrarch, dies (b. 20 Jul 1304). Poet.
1415 - Philippa of Lancaster, dies. Queen of Portugal.
1500 - A esquadra de Pedro Álvares Cabral chega a Moçambique .
1500 - Morte de D. Miguel da Paz. Filho de D. Manuel I e a infanta D. Isabel.
1544 - The Siege of Boulogne began.
1553 - Lady Jane Grey is replaced by Mary I of England as Queen of England after having that title for just nine days.
1573 - Dr. John Caius, dies. Physician and author, founder of Caine College, Cambridge
1591 - Nascimento de São Vicente de Paulo, fundador das Congregações das Missões e das Irmãs de Caridade.
1598 - Gilbert Sheldon was born (d. 1677). Archbishop of Canterbury, erecter of the Sheldon theatre at Oxford
1692 - Rebecca Nurse, was born (d. 1621). Accused witch
1742 - William Somerville, dies. Author of The Chase
1763 - Nathaniel Hooke, dies. Historian and writer Author of Account of the Conduct of the Dowager Duchess of Marlborough (1742); Roman History from the Building of Rome to the Ruin of the Commonwealth, which appeared in 1738
1789 - John Martin, was born. English painter.
1799 - Napoleon’s troops discovered the Rosetta Stone, a tablet with hieroglyphic translations into Greek, at Rashid, Egypt. /As tropas francesas no Egipto descobrem a Pedra Roseta, uma laje com gravações em três línguas antigas que permitiram aos pesquisadores a tradução dos hieróglifos do antigo Egipto
1810 - Louise of Mecklenburg-Strelitz dies. Queen of Prussia
1814 - Samuel Colt, was born (d. 10 Jan 1862). American firearms manufacturer who popularized the Colt 45 revolver.
1814 - Captain Matthew Flinders, dies (b. 1774). English explorer of the coasts of Australia.

1817 - Mary Ann Bickerdyke was born. Nurse.
1819 - Gottfried Keller, was born in Zurich (d. 1890). Swiss writer (Der grune Heinrich).
1819 - Professor John Playfair, dies in Edinburgh. Writings in natural philosophy, geology, etc.
1824 - Agustin de Iturbide, Mexican leader, dies shot at Padillo gy soldiers of general Juan Losé de la Garza.
1830 - Com a recusa por parte do rei de França Carlos X, em aceitar os resultados das eleições, que tinham dado a vitória à oposição liberal, começa a «Revolução de Julho» em Paris. O rei abdicará sendo substituído pelo duque de Orleans, Luís Filipe.
1834 - Edgar Degas, was born (d. 27 Sep 1917). French painter and sculptor. The Bellelli Family (1862) Marguerite de Gas, the Artist's Sister (1859); Hilaire de Gas, Grandfather of the Artist (1857); The Suffering of the City of New Orleans (1865); Portraits in a New Orleans Cotton office (1873); After the Bath (1883) ;Les Repasseuses (1885); etc.
1839 - Muere en la ciudad de México, el general insurgente don Ramón López Rayón, quien naciera el 31 de agosto de 1775, en Tlalpujahua, Michoacán.
1840 - Nascimento de José Manuel Emiliano Fernández de Balmaceda. Presidente chileno (1886-1891).

1846 - Edward Pickering was born in Boston, Mass. (d. Feb 1919). U.S. physicist and astronomer
1848 - Women's rights: The two day Women's Rights Convention opens in Seneca Falls, New York and the "Bloomers" are introduced at the feminist convention.
1848 - Mexico: El general Anastasio Bustamante fusila en las minas de La Valenciana, Guanajuato, al padre Marcelino Domeco Jarauta, quien valientemente sostuvo una guerrilla contra los invasores norteamericanos después de la caida de la ciudad de México.
1850 - Sarah Margaret Fuller, dies at sea, together with her husband and infant son, Angelo. (b. 1810). Writer.
1857 - Stefano Franscini, dies (b. 1796). Member of the Swiss Federal Council
1860 - Lizzie Borden, was born (d. 1927). Teacher, American accused murderess
1862 - American Civil War: Morgan's Raid - At Buffington Island in Ohio, Confederate General John Hunt Morgan's raid into the north is mostly thwarted when a large group of his men are captured while trying to escape across the Ohio River.

1863 - Curtis Marbut was born (d. 25 Aug 1935). U.S. geologist and cofounder of modern soil science, who worked closely with experts from many countries to develop international classification systems for soil materials.

1865 - Georges Friedel was born (d. 1933). French crystallographer who formulated basic laws concerning the external morphology and internal structure of crystals.

1865 - Charles Horace Mayo was born in Rochester, Minn., (d. 26 May 1939). Surgeon and philanthropist, co-founder of the Mayo Clinic and Mayo Foundation.
1870 - Franco-Prussian War: France declares war on Prussia. / A França de Napoleão III, sobrinho de Napoleão Bonaparte, no poder em França desde 1854, declara guerra à Prússia, devido à escolha pela Espanha de um príncipe alemão, do ramo católico dos Hohenzollern, a casa reinante na Prússia.
1872 - Mexico: Tras la muerte del presidente Juárez, don Sebastián Lerdo de Tejada asume la presidencia por mandato de ley en su calidad de presidente de la Suprema Corte de Justicia.
1873 - William Gosse becomes the first European to discover Ayers Rock (Uluru) and names it in honour of South Australian Premier Sir Henry Ayers.
1875 - Alice Dunbar Nelson, was born (d. 1935). Author and poet
1876 - Joseph Fielding Smith, was born. President of The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints
1879 - Doc Holliday kills for the first time after a man shoots up Holliday's New Mexico saloon.
1883 - Max Fleischer, was born (d. 1992). Animator and film producer.
1885 - Nascia Aristides de Sousa Mendes en Cabanas de Viriato, perto de Nelas, junto à cidade de Viseu (m. 3 Abr 1954). Diplomata português que teve grande importância na salvação de milhares de judeus durante a 2ª. Guerra Mundial ao conceder-lhes "vistos", à revelia das orientações do Governo. Em 1979 o Presidente Mário Soares concedeu-lhe, a título póstumo, a Ordem da Liberdade.
1886 - Morte do poeta português Cesário Verde (n. 23 Fev 1855).
1893 - Vladimir Mayakovsky, was born (d. 1930). Russian poet.
1894 - Khawaja Nazimuddin, was born (d. 1965). Second Prime Minister of Pakistan
1896 - A.J. Cronin, was born at Cardross, Dumbartonshire (d. 1981). Physician and novelist (The Citadel; The Keys of the Kingdom)
1898 - Herbert Marcuse, was born (d. 1979). Communist philosopher.
1900 - Fundação do primeiro clube de futebol do Brasil, o Sport Club Rio Grande.
1908 - Nascimento, em São Paulo, de Lelita Rosa (Maria Rosa Maccari). Actriz brasileira.
1909 - Fernando Fragoso, nascia em Lisboa (m. 1977). Argumentista [ O Costa do Castelo (1943); A Menina da Rádio (1944); O Grande Elias (1950); A Cruz de Ferro (1968) ...] e realizador português.
1910 - Johann Gottfried Galle, dies (b. 1812). German astronomer.
1910 - Nascimento de Francisco Coloane . Escritor chileno.
1912 - A meteorite with an estimated mass of 190 kg exploded over the town of Holbrook in Navajo County, Arizona causing approximately 16,000 pieces of debris to rain down on the town. 1914 - Marius Russo,was born (d. 2005). Major League Baseball player.
1916 - Eve Merriam is born in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. While growing up she watches birds and walks among the birch and dogwood trees, and later writes of these experiences. She will also write essays, articles, and biographies. In 1981, she will receive the National Council of the Teachers of English (NCTE) Award for Excellence in Poetry for Children.
1917 - William Scranton, was born. U.S. politician.
1920 - António Joaquim Granjo assume o cargo de primeiro-ministro de Portugal
1921 - Rosalyn Yalow, was born. American medical physicist, recipient of the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine in 1977 (shared with Andrew and Roger Guillemin) for her development of the technique of radioimmunoassay (RIA) of peptide hormones.

1922 - George McGovern, was born. 1972 Democratic candidate for president of the United States.
1924 - Stanley K. Hathaway, was born. U.S. politician .

1924 - Pat Hingleactor was born. Actor: Batman, The Grifters, Splendor in the Grass, On the Waterfront, Norma Rae, Of Mice and Men
1927 - Jan Myrdal was born. Swedish writer, journalist (Albania Defiant).
1934 - Francisco Sá Carneiro, was born (d. 1980). Prime Minister of Portugal.
1940 - World War II: Battle of Cape Spada between the Royal Navy and the Regia Marina; the Italian light cruiser Bartolomeo Colleoni sinks, with 121 casualities.
1941 - Vikki Carr, was born. Singer.

1941 - Winston Churchill was the first to use the two-finger "V is for Victory" sign.
1942 - World War II: Battle of the Atlantic - German Grand Admiral Karl Dönitz orders the last U-boats to withdraw from their United States Atlantic coast postions in response to the an effective American convoy system.
1943 - World War II: Rome is bombed by the Allies for the first time in the war.
1943 - Giuseppe Terragni dies (b. 1904). Italian architect.
1945 - Montgomery Ward is seized by United States Army troops at the direction of Attorney General Francis Biddle because of its refusal to obey National War Labor Board orders. Montgomery Ward chairman Seward Avery is carried out of his office by troops
1946 - Ilie Nastase, was born. Romanian tennis player. She won French Open [1973], U.S. Open [1972]
1947 - Brian May, was born. Guitarist (Queen)
1947 - Burmese nationalist Aung San was assassinated.
1947 - Aung San, dies. Burmese nationalist (assassinated)
1948 - Games of the XIV Olympiad opened in London.

1948 - Our Miss Brooks, starring Eve Arden and Gale Gordon, debuted on CBS radio this day in
1949 - Independência do Laos
1950 - Per-Kristian Foss, was born. Norwegian Minister of Finance.

1966 - Frank Sinatra (50) married the 20 -year-old actress Mia Farrow.
1951 - Abel Ferrara was born in The Bronx, New York. American director. Driller Killer (1979), Ms. 45 (1981),Fear City (1984) China Girl (1987), Cat Chaser (1988), King of New York (1990) Bad Lieutenant (1992), Dangerous Game (1993), Body Snatchers (1994) .

1951 - O rei Abdullah da Jordânia é assassinado em Jerusalém.

1955 - Yarkon Water Project opens to supply water to Negev desert in Israel
1961 - Campbell Scott was born in New York. American actor.
1962 - Anthony Edwards, was born. Actor
1964 - Vietnam War: At a rally in Saigon, South Vietnamese Prime Minister Nguyen Khanh calls for expanding the war into North Vietnam.
1965 - Clyde Beatty, dies. Circus performer and big game hunter
1965 - Syngman Rhee, dies. First President of South Korea
1965 - Stuart Scott, was born. Sportscaster
1967 - A Piedmont Airlines Boeing 727 and a Cessna 310 collided in mid-air over Hendersonville, North Carolina killing 82
1971- Martin Powell, was born. Keyboardist (Cradle of Filth)
1972 - Hezekiah M. Washburn, dies (b. 1884). Missionary.
1973 - Scott Walker, was born. Hockey player.
1974 - Diogo Freitas do Amaral e Adelino Amaro da Costa fundam em Portugal, um partido de direita e de inspiração cristã, o CDS, Partido do Centro Democrático Social.
1976 - Sagarmatha National Park in Nepal is created.
1976 - Vinessa Shaw was born in Los Angeles, Califórnia. American actress. (1996 - Coyote Summer - 1996; CORKY ROMANO, 2001; 40 Days and 40 Nights - 2002 ...).
1976 - A Assembleia Regional da Madeira inicia as suas actividades.
1978 - Topher Grace, was born. Actor
1979 - The Sandinista rebels overthrow the US-backed government of the Somoza family in Nicaragua.
1980 - Nihat Erim, Prime Minister of Turkey dies (assassinated) .
1980 - The Moscow Summer Olympics began. Many nations boycotted the games because of the Soviet military intervention in Afghanistan /Início dos Jogos Olimpícos de Moscovo, com a ausência de dúzias de nações que boicotaram os jogos devido à intervenção militar soviética no Afeganistão. Misha, um simpático urso, serviu de mascote.

1982 - A Junta Militar da Bolívia destitui o presidente Celso Torrelio.

1982 - Um forte terramoto afecta um quarto de El Salvador, deixando milhares de mortos e grandes perdas materiais.

1984 - Geraldine Ferraro became the first woman nominated for the vice-presidency by a major political party.
1985 - Janusz A. Zajdel, dies. Polish writer.
1985 - US Vice President George H. W. Bush announces that New Hampshire teacher Christa McAuliffe will become the first schoolteacher to ride aboard the Space Shuttle (see Space Shuttle Challenger).
1989 - A Douglas DC-10 carrying United Airlines flight 232 crashes in Sioux City, Iowa killing 112 but due to extraordinary efforts by the pilot and his crew, 184 on board survive.

1989 - O general Jaruzelski, candidato único, é eleito presidente da Polónia, com exactamente a metade e mais um votos no Parlamento.
1993 - Szymon Goldberg dies at 84. Polish violinist, conductor.
1996 - The 26th summer Olympics opening ceremonies began in Atlanta, Georgia/ Início das Olimpíadas de Atlanta (Estados Unidos).
2000 - Honduras ratifica o Protocolo de Kyoto.
1998 - Elmer Valo, dies (b. 1921). Baseball player.
2000 - In Okinawa over 25,000 demonstrators formed a chain around a US Air Base to protest American presence ahead of the G-8 meeting.
2001 - UK politician and novelist Jeffrey Archer, Lord Archer of Weston-Super-Mare, is sentenced to four years in prison for perjury and perverting the course of justice.
2002 - Alan Lomax, dies (b. 1915). American documenter of blues and folk songs.
2003 - Pierre Graber, dies (b. 1908). Member of the Swiss Federal Council.
2003 - Bill Bright, dies. Evangelist, founder of Campus Crusade for Christ
2004 - Reverend Francis Marzen, dies. Roman Catholic prelate
Roman festivals - Lucaria
Malaysia - Birthday of Yang di-Pertuan Besar of Ng Sembilan
Myanmar - Martyr's Day
Nicaragua - National Liberation Day
Catholic - Feast of St. Vincent De Paul
No Brasil comemora-se neste dia o Dia da Caridade e também o Dia Nacional do futebol

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Portugal perdeu com a Grécia em Voleibol

Portugal perdeu o seu 1º. jogo da fase de apuramento europeia para o Mundial de Voleibol ao perder em Larissa com a Grécia por 3-2. Os parciais foram de 23-25 , 25-18, 24-26, 25-21 e 15-12. Como se vê Portugal esteve a liderar por 1-0 e 2-1 mas acabou derrotada e vê agora a sua qualificação muito dificultada. No outro jogo a Sérbia confirmou o seu favoritismo derrotando a Turquia por 3-1.

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Intimidade - Fernando Namora

Que ninguém
hoje me diga nada.
Que ninguém venha abrir a minha mágoa,
esta dor sem nome
que eu desconheço donde vem
e o que me diz.
É mágoa.
Talvez seja um começo de amor.
Talvez, de novo, a dor e a euforia de ter vindo ao mundo.

Pode ser tudo isso, ou nada disso.
Mas não afirmo.
As palavras viriam revelar-me tudo.
E eu prefiro esta angústia de não saber de quê.

Fernando Namora (n. 15-4-1919, Condeixa-a-Nova; m. 31-1-1989 Lisboa)

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Miguel rescinde unilateralmente com o Benfica

O que já se adivinhava concretiza-se agora. Miguel não está interessado em continuar no Benfica e então pede unilateralmente a rescisão do contrato. Não conhecemos os argumentos, mas se calhar por não ter condições psicológicas - mera especulação nossa.

Uma coisa não se deixa de estranhar. A linha de coerencia jurídica. Antes alegava que não tinha contrato com o Benfica. Que o contrato acabara. Agora pede a rescisão unilateral, alegando que estava em fase experimental. Fase experimental? Há quantoa anos Miguel já está no Benfica?

Ontem vi na TV um programa de humor sobre o estado da justiça. Com processos destes, não é precisa muita inspiração ... ah) ah) ah).

De qualquer forma o Benfica em vez de contratar mais 3 ou 4 jogadores ( e já se houve essa história há tempo demais ) afinal perde um . Provavelmente irá encaixar uma indemnização (muito menor que os 10 milhões que pretendia para o transferir), mas que tem uma baixa no plantel, sobre isso não resta dúvidas.

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O fim de semana desportivo...

Começou mal o fim de semana desportivo para os benfiquistas com o anúncio da assinatura de Tomasson pelo Estugarda quando a imprensa e também os responsáveis do Benfica já o haviam dado como certo no clube.

O prato forte da preparação encarnada passava pelo jogo com o Chelsea. Perdendo por 0-1 o Benfica evidenciou coisas boas e outras ... bem reveladoras das lacunas do plantel - Ver peça específica.

Mas outros factos desportivos ocorreram com boas informações para o panorama nacional.

Em raguebi, Portugal é tetracampeão de "SEVENS" ao derrrotar na final a Rússia por 28-26, depois de ter derrotado nas meias-finais a França! por 22-7. É obra.

No futsal (outdoor) Portugal, em Mangualde, derrotou com muitas dificuldades Angola na final do Mundialito por 9-6. Angola (que derrotara o Brasil) parece ter argumentos para aparecer em situação de destaque nesta modalidade.

No Europeu de juníores de Natação, às cinco medalhas já aqui anunciadas, Portugal adicionou mais duas. Diana Gomes é (bi)campeã porque conseguiu nos 100m bruços a medalha de ouro (repetindo a proeza que conseguira nos 200m bruços) ao vencer a prova com 1.10,09. Carlos Almeida, ainda no seu primeiro ano de junior, conseguiu a medalha de bronze nos 200m estilos.

Mas ainda tivemos mais outra medalha de bronze por Tiago Venancio (que já havia conquistado prata nos 200m livres) nos 100 m livres, em que fez a marca de 50,56 s. Oito medalhas (2-2-4) por quatro atletas diferentes é obra!

Mas o sucesso não ficou por aqui. Vanessa Fernandes sagrou-se pelo segundo ano consecutivo Campeã da Europa de triatlo, em sub-23, ao ganhar a prova disputada em Sófia, Bulgária.

Hoje na Grécia, Portugal faz o 1º. jogo da fase (final) de apuramento europeu para o Campeonato do Mundo de Voleibol. Portugal integra o Grupo J com a Sérvia, Grécia e Turquia, apurando-se directamente as duas primeiras. A Sérvia/Montenegro é favorita (ainda recentemente esteve em alto plano nos Jogos Mundias) e Portugal, em princípio, disputará com a anfitriã Grécia o 2º. lugar. Daí a importancia deste jogo que se disputa pelas 19 h que merecia ter (não sei se terá)cobertura televisiva para Portugal.

Como se vê o desporto português não é só futebol...

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Today in History - Jul 18

390 BC - Battle of the Allia: A Roman army is defeated by raiding Gauls, leading to the subsequent sacking of Rome.
0064 - Great fire of Rome: A fire begins to burn in the merchant area of Rome and soon burns completely out of control while Emperor Nero reportedly plays his lyre and sings while watching the blaze from a safe distance.
1195 - Battle of Alarcos, great victory of Almohad ruler Abu Yusuf Ya'qub al-Mansur over the Castilian King Alfonso VIII .
1216 - Início do pontificado do Papa Honorio III
1501 - Isabella of Burgundy, was born (d. 1526). Queen of Christian II of Denmark .
1534 - Zacharias Ursinus was born (d. 6 May 1583). German theologian.
1552 - Rudolf II, Holy Roman Emperor was born.
1610 - Michelangelo Merisi da Caravaggio, dies (b. 1573). Italian artist.
1623 - Pope Gregory XV dies.
1634 - Johannes Camphuys, was born (d. 1695). Governor-General of the Dutch East Indies
1635 - Robert Hooke, was born (d. 3 Mar 1703). English physicist, who discovered the law of elasticity, known as Hooke's law, and invented the balance spring for clocks. Hook is the author of Micrographia (1665)
1656 - Bernhard Fischer von Erlach was born. Architect.
1695 - Johannes Camphuys, dies (b. 1634). Governor-General of the Dutch East Indies.
1697 - Morte, em São Salvador da Baía, no Brasil do Padre António Vieira, missionário jesuíta e diplomata português.
1698 - Johann Heinrich Heidegger, dies. Swiss theologian.
1721 - Antoine Watteau, dies. French painter
1730 - François de Neufville, duc de Villeroi, dies (b. 1644). French soldier.
1792 - John Paul Jones, dies. American naval commander .
1808 - Nascimento de José Joaquim Leite Guimarães. Barão de Nova C intra - Portugal
1811 - William Makepeace Thackeray, was born (d. 1863). English author.
1817 - Jane Austen, dies in Winchester, Hampshire, (b. 16 Dec 1775). English novelist ( "Sense and Sensibility":published 1811; "Pride and Prejudice": published 1813; "Mansfield Park": published 1813; "Emma":published 1816; "Persuasion":published 1818"; Northanger Abbey":published 1818)
1821 - Pauline Garcia-Viardot, was born (d. 1910). Singer and composer.
1830 - Uruguay adopts its first constitution.
1834 - Nascimento de Próspero Fernández Oreamunon. Presidente da Costa Rica (1882-1885)1838 - Morte do físico e químico francês Pierre-Louis Dulong.
1841 - Coroação de D. Pedro II como Imperador do Brasil.
1845 - Tristan Corbière, was born (d. 1875). French poet.

1847 - Morte de Bento Gonçalves, militar e chefe da Revolução Farroupilha

1853 - Hendrik Antoon Lorentz, was born (d. 4 Feb 1928). Dutch physicist, Nobel Prize for Physics colaureate (with Pieter Zeeman) in 1902 for his theory of the influence of magnetism upon electromagnetic radiation phenomena.
1857 - Louis Faidherbe, French governor of Senegal, arrives to relieve French forces at Kayes, effectively ending El Hajj Umar Tall's war on the French.
1863 - American Civil War: The first formal African American military unit, the 54th Massachusetts Volunteer Infantry, unsuccessfully assaults Confederate-held Fort Wagner but their valiant fighting still proves the worth of African American soldiers during the war.
1863 - Robert Gould Shaw dies. Colonel of the 54th Massachusetts infantry.
1864 - Ricarda Huch, was born (†17 Nov 1947). German writer.
1864 - Phillip Snowden, was born († 1937). British politician.

1869 - Charles Palache was born (d. 5 Dec 1954). He was one of the most eminent crystallographers and mineralogists of the world.
1870 - O Concílio Vaticano I define o dogma da infalibilidade papal.
1872 - Benito Juárez, dies. President of Mexico
1873 - Oscar II of Sweden-Norway is crowned king of Norway in Trondheim
1882 - Nascimento de Manuel Gálvez. Escritor argentino.
1883 - Nascimento de Ricardo Arenales. Poeta colombian.

1885 - Marino Moretti was born in Cesenatico. Italian poet and prose writer who will become a leader of the Crepuscolarismo movement in the early 20th century. His first major collection of poetry, Poesie scritte col lapis, ("Poems Written With a Pencil"), will be published in 1910 and achieve critical acclaimed.
1887 - Vidkun Quisling, was born (d. 1945). Norwegian politician and traitor.
1890 - Frank Forde, was born (d. 1983). Fifteenth Prime Minister of Australia.
1894 - Isaac Babel, was born (d. 1940). Ukrainian writer.
1898 - Marie and Pierre Curie announce the discovery of a new element and proposed to call it polonium.
1899 - Nascimento de Felipe Pinglo Alva († 13 May 1936). Poeta e compositor peruano
1902 - Nathalie Sarraute, was born (d. 1999). French writer
1902 - Jessamyn West, was born (d. 1984). writer.
1902 - Chill Wills, was born (d. 1978). Actor.
1906 - Clifford Odets, was born (d. 1963). Writer.
1906 - S. I. Hayakawa, was born in Vancouver, British Columbia (d. 1992). American semanticist and politician. The author of Language in Thought and Action will maintain: "In a real sense, people who have read good literature have lived more than people who cannot or will not read.... It is not true that we have only one life to live, we can live as many more lives and as many kinds of lives as we wish."
1909 - Andrei Gromyko, was born (d. 1989). Soviet diplomat and President.
1909 - Mohammed Daoud Khan, was born (d. 1978). Afghani President.

1909 - Nascimento de María Guadalupe Villalobos Vélez (Lupe Vélez). (d. 13 Dec 1944). Actriz mexicana

1911 - Hume Cronyn, was born (d. 2003). American actor.
1913 - Red Skelton, was born (d. 1997). American actor and comedian .
1914 - The United States Army's Signal Corps is formed, giving definite status to its air service for the first time.
1918 - Nelson Mandela, was born. South African revolutionary and president .
1921 - John Glenn, was born. American astronaut and politician.
1922 - Thomas Kuhn, was born (d. 1996). American philosopher. Author of The Structure of Scientific Revolutions (1962), one of the most influential works of history and philosophy written in the 20th century.
1923 - Jerome H. Lemelson, was born (d. 1997). American inventor.
1924 - Muere el poeta y dramaturgo Àngel Guimerà.
1925 - Shirley Strickland, was born. Australian athlete.
1925 - Adolf Hitler publishes his personal manifesto Mein Kampf.
1927 - Ludwig Harig, was born. Writer .
1927 - Kurt Masur, was born. Silesian-born conductor .
1929 - Dick Button, was born. Figure skater.
1929 - Screamin' Jay Hawkins, was born (d. 2000). American singer.

1930 - Inauguração do Estádio Centenário - Uruguai
1933 - Yevgeny Yevtushenko, was born. Russian poet (Babi Yar)
1935 - Jayendra Saraswathi, was born. Hindu religious leader
1937 - Roald Hoffman, was born. Polish-born American chemist and Nobel Prize for Chemistry co-laureate in 1981, with Fukui Kenichi of Japan, for their independent investigations of the mechanisms of chemical reactions.
1937 - Hunter S. Thompson, was born (d. 2005). journalist and author.

1938 - Paul Verhoeven was born. Dutch film director.

1940 - James Brolin, was born. Actor.
1940 - Joe Torre, was born. Baseball player and manager.
1941 - Martha Reeves, was born. Singer.
1942 - World War II: The Germans test fly the Messerschmitt Me-262 using only its jets for the first time.

1942 - Nascimento de Giacinto Facchetti. Jogador italiano de futebol.

1944 - World War II: Hideki Tojo resigns as Prime Minister of Japan due to numerous setbacks in the war effort.
1947 - President Harry S. Truman signs the Presidential Succession Act into law which places the Speaker of the United Stated House of Representatives Senate President Pro Tempore next in the line of succession after the United States Vice President.
1947 - Steve Forbes,was born. Entrepreneur, politician.

1948 - Hartmut Michel was born. German biochemist who, along with Johann Deisenhofer and Robert Huber, received the Nobel Prize for Chemistry in 1988 for their determination of the three-dimensional structure of certain proteins that are essential for photosynthesis.
1949 - Vítězslav Novák, dies. Composer.
1950 - Sir Richard Branson, was born. Entrepreneur .
1951 - Jersey Joe Walcott KOs Ezzard Charles in 5 for heavyweight belt.

1958 - Henri Farman dies (b. 1874). French aviator and aircraft constructor who developed ailerons (1908) to solve the enormously difficult and dangerous problems of lateral control
1962 - Jack Irons, was born. Original Red Hot Chili Peppers drummer.

1962 - Golpe militar no Perú depõe o presidente Manuel Prado

1963 - Martín Torrijos Espino, was born. President of Panama .
1963 - Mike Greenwell, was born. Baseball player
1967 - Castello Branco dies (b. 1900). 35th President of Brasil (15 Apr1964 - 15 Mar 1967).
1967 - Vin Diesel, was born. American actor
1968 - Vietnam War: The two-day Honolulu Conference begins in Honolulu, Hawaii between US President Lyndon B. Johnson and South Vietnamese President Nguyen Van Thieu.
1968 - Intel ( inventor of the microchip), is incorporated.

1968 - Corneille Heymans dies (b. 28 Mar 1892). Belgian physiologist who received the Nobel Prize for Physiology or Medicine in 1938 for his discovery of the regulatory effect on respiration of sensory organs associated with the carotid artery in the neck and with the aortic arch leading from the heart (1927-29).
1969 - Masanori Murakawa, was born. Japanese professional wrestler
1969 - After a party on Chappaquiddick Island, Senator Ted Kennedy from Massachusetts drives an Oldsmobile off a wooden bridge into a tide-swept pond and his passenger, Mary Jo Kopechne, dies.
1969 - Barbara Pepper dies at 57. Actress (Doris Ziffel-Green Acres)
1969 - Apollo 11 makes preparations for landing on the Moon.

1974 - Portugal- Tomada de posse do 2º. Governo Provisório: Vasco dos Santos Gonçalves assume o cargo de primeiro-ministro. Vitorino Magalhães Godinho é o Ministro da Educação e Cultura.
1975 - Torii Hunter, was born. Bbaseball player
1975 - Daron Malakian,was born. Guitarist (System of a Down)
1976 - Gymnast Nadia Comaneci, aged 14, scores first ever perfect 10 at the Olympics.

1977 - Morte, em Coimbra, do psiquiatra português Elysio de Moura (n. 3 Ago 1877, em Braga) 1978 - Ben Sheets, was born. Baseball player.

1980 - Nascimento, no Rio de Janeiro, de Rocco Pitanga. Actor brasileiro.
1980 - Catalina Maya was born in Medellin, Colombia. Top model and actress.
1982 - 268 campesinos are slain in the Plan de Sánchez massacre in Ríos Montt's Guatemala.
1984 - McDonald's massacre in San Ysidro, California: In a fast-food resturant, James Oliver Huberty kills 21 people and injures 19 others before being shot dead by police.
1986 - A tornado is broadcast live on KARE television in Minnesota when the station's helicopter pilot makes a chance encounter.
1986 - The motion picture Aliens opens in theaters.
1987 - Gilberto Freyre, dies (b. 1900). Brasilian writer. Organizer of the first northeastern regionalist congress in Recife. Casa-grande e senzala (The Masters and the Slaves, 1933), the story of Brazil's Portuguese colonizers and their African slaves, is his best-known work.
1988 - Nico dies. German-American model and singer.

1988 - Morte do compositor português Joly Braga Santos (n. 14 Mai 1924)
1989 - Rebecca Schaeffer actress (My Sister Sam) is shot by a fan at 21
1990 - Yoon Boseon dies. President of South Korea
1990 - Eliana Macedo dies. Brasilien actress.
1992 - The ten victims of the La Cantuta massacre disappeared from their university in Lima.
1994 - In Buenos Aires, an explosion destroys a building housing several Jewish organizations killing 85 and injuring many more.
1995 - On the Caribbean island of Montserrat, the Soufriere Hills volcano erupts. Over the course of several years, it devastates the island, destroying the capital and forcing most of the population to flee.
1996 - Storms provoke severe flooding on the Saguenay River in Quebec, beginning one of Canada's costliest natural disasters ever.
1996 - In an event very similar to the Oklahoma tornado that would occur three years later, a tornado ranking as a F5 hit the town of Oakfield, Wisconsin.
1997 - 8000 low-caste Indians riot in Mumbai (Bombay) following a funeral for 10 children who had been killed by police.

1997 - Gene Shoemaker dies (b. 28 Apr 1928). American planetary geologist.
2001 - In Baltimore, Maryland, a 60-car train derails in a tunnel, sparking a fire that will last days and virtually shut down downtown Baltimore.
2001 - Fabio Taglioni dies. Italian automotive engineer.

2002 - Morte do actor brasileiro Gerson de Abreu
2004 - Paul Foot dies. British journalist.

2004 - Seleção brasileira masculina de Voleibol vence a Itália e conquista o 4º título da Liga Mundial
2005 - Lançada a Antologia República dos Poetas, no Museu da República, no Rio de Janeiro (Brasil). É a primeira marca oficial do movimento poético que explodia na cidade desde 1999.
Uruguay - Constitution Day
Japan - Marine Day (3rd Monday of July, 2005)

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Benfica perde com o Chelsea com auto-golo

Benfica 0 - 1 Chelsea

O Benfica na primeira parte apresentando a sua melhor equipa, enquanto o Chelsea deixava uma mão cheia das suas estrelas no banco, até foi superior, obrigando Cech a duas excelentes defesas a remates de cabeça de Giovanni e com o pé de Simão, que isolado não conseguiu, assim, concretizar a maior oportunidade da 1ª. parte. E, como já estamos habituados, na sequência de um livre o Chelsea chegou ao golo, contando com a infelicidade de Ricardo Rocha que desviou para a sua baliza a bola bambeada para a área.

Na segunda parte as substituições ao intervalo (5 no Benfica 6 no Chelsea) fizeram melhorar o Chelsea e piorar o Benfica. Aos 63' com as entradas de Tiago Gomes, Hugo Roque e Alcides, para saídas de Ricardo Rocha, Dos Santos e Simão o Benfica conformou-se com a derrota. Não obstante a intranquilidade de Cudicini que apesar de tudo fez uma defesa dificil a remate de Beto, na única oportunidade dos encarnados na 2ª. parte, foi o Chelsea que esteve mais perto do 0-2 com mais um livre a bater na barra, Moreira a brilhar a remate de Duff e outra jogada de muito perigo com Crespo a não conseguir o desvio fatal ao segundo poste.

Para jogo de preparação pode-se dizer que serviu bem os seus objectivos. Com efeito este jogo mostrou alguns méritos do Benfica, com realce para os reforços Anderson e Beto (este foi o melhor jogador em campo demonstrando que no meio-campo defensivo o Benfica está bem servido), mas também os defeitos ou se quiserem os deficits ofensivos do Benfica. É óbvia a falta de um ponta de lança e no meio campo ofensivo falta um pensador de jogo (que Nuno Assis aos espaços muito intervalados e Kariaka podem disfarçar, mas nunca resolver).

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Tomasson não vem. Quem virá?

Por alguma razão não anunciámos neste blog a (pretensa) contratação de Tomasson pelo Benfica. É que quando a esmola é grande o pobre desconfia...

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On this day in History - Jul 17

180 - Twelve inhabitants of Scillium in North Africa, executed for being Christians. This is the earliest record of Christianity in that part of the world.
1070 - Baldwin VI, Count of Flanders dies (b. 1030)
1203 - Fourth Crusade captures Constantinople by assault; the Byzantine emperor Alexius III Angelus flees from his capital into exile.

1381 - Batalha Naval de Saltes entre frota portuguesa e castelhana
1453 - Hundred Years' War: The French under Jean Bureau utterly defeat the English under the Earl of Shrewsbury, who is killed in the Battle of Castillon at Gascony
1674 - Isaac Watts, was born (d. 1748). English hymnwriter
1698 - Pierre Louis Maupertuis, was born (d. 1759). French mathematician.
1704 - Pierre-Charles Le Sueur, dies. French fur trader and explorer.
1709 - Robert Bolling, dies (b. 1646). English settler in Virginia.

1744 - Elbridge Gerry was born (d. 23 Nov. 1814). Politician: 5th vice president of the U.S. [1813-1814]; governor of Massachusetts: wrote a redistricting bill, hence the origin of the word ‘gerrymandering’;

1762 - Catherine II becomes tzar of Russia upon the murder of Peter III of Russia. /Catarina II sucede ao czar Pedro III da Rússia, assassinado.
1771 - Massacre at Bloody Falls: Chipewyan chief Matonabbee traveling as the guide to Samuel Hearne on his arctic overland journey, massacre a group of unsuspecting Inuit.

1780 - Nascimento de Anatacio Bustamante. Presidente do México (1830-1832, 1837-1839 e 1839-1841).
1787 - Friedrich Krupp was born (d. 1826). German industrialist.

1790 - Adam Smith, dies. Scottish economist
1791 - Massacre at the Champ de Mars, Paris, during the French Revolution. 1200-1500 people were killed, including women and children.
1793 - Charlotte Corday, dies. French aristocrat
1801 - O químico alemão Valentín Rose consegue sintetizar pela primeira vez o bicarbonato de sódio.
1815 - Napoleonic Wars: In France, Napoleon surrenders at Rochefort, Charente-Maritime to British forces.
1816 - The French passenger ship Medusa runs aground off the coast of Senegal, with 140 lives lost in the botched rescue that takes weeks, leading to a scandal in the French government.
1839 - Ephraim Shay, was born (d. 1916). Inventor (Shay locomotive).
1843 - Nascimento de Julio A. Roca. Presidente da Argentina (1880-1886)
1852 - O tratado que estabelece os limites de fronteira e de navegação entre a Argentina e o Paraguai é assinado.
1859 - Luis Munoz-Rivera was born (d. 15 Nov 1921). Puerto Rican patriot; poet; journalist;
1877 - Ernst von Dohnanyi, was born (d. 1960). Hungarian conductor
1878 - Aleardo Aleardi, dies (b. 1812). Italian poet
1880 - Um terremoto destrói em Manila, capital das Filipinas, quase todos os edifícios existentes na área interna dos muros da cidade.
1886 - Apresentação de Sarah Bernhardt no teatro Politeama, de Buenos Aires, com a obra "Fedora", de Sardou.
1887 - Dorothea Dix, dies (b. 1802). American social activist
1888 - Shmuel Yosef Agnon, was born (d. 1970). Israeli writer
1890 - Sem prévia declaração de guerra, um exército guatemalteco invade El Salvador, e é derrotado pelas tropas deste país.
1894 - As forças italianas derrotam os dervishes e tomam Kassale, no Sudão.
1897 - Klondike gold rush begins when first successful prospectors arrive in Seattle, Washington, USA.
1898 - United States General William R. Shafter take the city of Santiago de Cuba from the Spanish.
1899 - Erle Stanley Gardner, was born (d, 1970). Author.
1899 - NEC Corporation is organized as the first Japanese joint venture with foreign capital.
1899 - James Cagney, was born (d. 1983). Actor
1901 - Bruno Jasieński, was born (d. 1938). Polish poet.
1906 - Morte de Carlos Pellegrini. Presidente da Argentina (1890-1892)
1909 - Revolução no Irã dos "bajtiares": abdica o Xá.
1911 - Morre Rufino José Cuervo, filólogo e humanista colombiano.
1912 - Morre Henri Poincaré, matemático e filósofo francês.
1912 - Art Linkletter, was born. Television host.
1916 - O Uruguay ganha o 1º. Campeonato Sul americano de Futebol ao empatar 0 a 0 com a Argentina.
1917 - King George V of the United Kingdom issues a Proclamation stating that the male line descendants of the British royal family will bear the surname Windsor.
1917 - Phyllis Diller, was born. Comedienne
1917 - Margarete Mitscherlich was born. Physician
1917 - Hector Malot, dies. French writer
1918 - O czar Nicolau II e a maioria da família imperial russa são fuzilados na cidade de Ekaterimburgo, por ordem das autoridades bolcheviques./
1918 - Tsar Nicholas II of Russia (Gregorian calendar date) dies
1918 - Grand Duchess Olga of Russia dies
1918 - Grand Duchess Tatiana of Russia dies
1918 - Tsarevich Alexei of Russia dies
1918 - Grand Duchess Maria Nikolaevna of Russia dies
1918 - Tsarina Alexandra of Russia dies
1918 - Grand Duchess Anastasia of Russia dies
1919 - Nasce João José Cochofel, ensaísta e poeta português do núcleo neo-realista coimbrão
1920 - Juan Antonio Samaranch, was born. Former chairman of the International Olympic Committee
1920 - Kenneth Wolstenholme, was born (d. 2002). Sports commentator
1928 - Vince Guaraldi, was born (d. 1976). Musician, composer.
1928 - O presidente mexicano, general Alvaro Obregón, é assassinado na Cidade do México.
1929 - A União Soviética rompe relações diplomáticas com a China devido a conflitos nas ferrovias da fronteira.
1934 - Getúlio Vargas, que havia governado o Brasil como ditador, é eleito pela Assembléia Constituinte para o cargo de presidente da República.
1934 - Donald Sutherland, was born. Actor
1935 - Diahann Carroll, was born. Singer
1936 - Spanish Civil War: An Armed Forces rebellion against the recently-elected leftist Popular Front government of Spain starts the Spanish civil war.
1938 - Franz Alt, was born. Journalist
1939 - Maria Ilva Biolcati known as Milva, was born. Singer
1941 - Spencer Davis was born. Singer, guitarist (Spencer Davis Group)
1941 - Jürgen Flimm, was born. Theatre director and manager
1941 - O presidente cubano Fulgencio Batista anuncia a formação de um novo governo.
1942 - Tim Brooke-Taylor, was born. Comedian
1943 - Em Feltre (Itália), Hitler convence Mussolini a continuar na guerra.
1943 - Nasce Shlomo Ben Ami, político israelense, que se tornou ministro das Relações Exteriores.
1944 - Port Chicago disaster: Near the San Francisco Bay, two ships laden with ammunition for the war explode in Port Chicago, California killing 232.
1944 - World War II: The largest convoy of the war embarks from Halifax, Nova Scotia under Royal Canadian Navy protection.
1945 - World War II: Potsdam Conference - At Potsdam, the three main Allied leaders begin their final summit of the war. The meeting will end on August 2.
1947 - Camilla, Duchess of Cornwall (formerly Parker Bowles),was born. Former British royal mistress and now wife of Prince Charles
1948 - Luc Bondy, was born. Film and theatre director
1949 - Charlie Steiner, was born. Sports anchor
1952 - David Hasselhoff, was born. Actor, musician
1954 - J. Michael Straczynski, was born. Science fiction author
1955 - Disneyland opens in Anaheim, California.
1956 - Peter D'Adamo was born. Physician, author
1959 - O Movimento Nacional do Congo se divide em duas correntes: partidários de Lumumba e partidários de Kalonji.
1959 - Billie Holiday, dies. Singer
1959 - Eugene Meyer, dies (b. 1875). American businessman and newspaper publisher (The Washington Post)
1960 - Mark Burnett, was born.Reality TV producer.
1961 - Ty Cobb, dies (b. 1886). Baseball Hall of Famer
1962 - Nuclear testing: The "Small Boy" test shot Little Feller I becomes the last atmospheric test detonation at the Nevada Test Site.
1963 - Matti Nykänen, was born. Finnish ski jumper.
1964 - Gamal Abdel Nasser (Egipto) assume o cargo de presidente da União Africana
1967 - John Coltrane, dies. Jazz musician
1971 - Cory Doctorow, was born. Author, activist
1973 - Após derrubar a monarquia, o chefe do governo Daud Khan proclama a República no Afeganistão.
1973 - Eric Moulds, was born. American football player
1975 - Konnie Huq, was born. Television presenter
1975 - Apollo-Soyuz Test Project: An American Apollo and a Soviet Soyuz spacecraft dock with each other in orbit marking the first such link-up between spacecraft from the two nations.
1975 - History of East Timor: East Timor was annexed, and became the 27th province of Indonesia.
1975 - Konstantine Gamsakhurdia, dies. Georgian writer and public benefactor
1979 - Nicaraguan president General Anastasio Somoza Debayle resigns and flees to Miami.
1980 - Boris Delaunay, dies (b. 1890). Soviet/Russian mathematician (b. 1890)
1980 - Golpe militar na Bolívia, comandado pelo general Luis García Meza, que impede um novo mandato de Siles Suazo.
1981 - Hyatt Regency walkway collapse: Two skywalks filled with people at the Hyatt Regency Hotel in Kansas City, Missouri collapse into a crowded atrium lobby killing 114.
1984 - Laurent Fabius becomes Prime Minister of France
1987 - A França rompe relações diplomáticas com o Irã.
1989 - Morre o poeta Jorge Guillén.
1990 - Conferência "Dois mais quatro" (Paris), com a participação dos Estados Unidos, França, URSS e Grã Bretanha, países vencedores da Segunda Guerra e da Alemanha Ocidental e Oriental, com a Polônia como convidada. A Conferência confirmou a reunificação da Alemanha.
1990 - Nikolay Todorov Todorov assume o cargo de presidente da Bulgária
1991 - Os sete países mais industrializados aprovam em Londres um reordenamento da economia para o estabelecimento de "uma nova ordem mundial".
1991 - Os presidentes Mikhail Gorbachov e George Bush anunciam um tratado para reduzir armas nucleares.
1991 - Morre Robert Motherwell, pintor norte-americano.
1991 - Criação da Fundação Violeta Parra
1992 - Duas bombas matam 18 e ferem 140 em Lima, no Peru.
1994 - A seleção brasileira de futebol conquista, em Los Angeles, o tetracampeonato mundial na Copa do Mundo dos Estados Unidos, após vitória nos pênaltis sobre a Itália (3-2), após 0-0 durante o tempo normal de jogo.
1995 - Juan Manuel Fangio, dies (b. 1911). Argentinian race car driver (Formula-1)
1995 - The Midwestern heat wave in the United States reaches its peak. Chicago, Illinois and Milwaukee, Wisconsin, among other cities, set all-time high temperature records. The heat claims over 400 lives on this day alone.
1995 - The Nasdaq stock index closes above the 1,000 mark for the first time.
1996 - Off the coast of Long Island, New York, a Paris-bound Boeing 747 carrying TWA flight 800 explodes, killing all 230 on board.
1996 - Criação da Comunidade dos Países de Língua Portuguesa
1997 - The F.W. Woolworth Company closes after 117 years in business.
1998 - In St. Petersburg, Nicholas II of Russia and his family are buried in St. Catherine Chapel 80 years after he and his family were killed by Bolsheviks.
1998 - A tsunami triggered by an undersea earthquake destroys 10 villages in Papua New Guinea killing an estimated 1,500, leaving 2,000 more unaccounted for and thousands more homeless.
1998 - A ONU funda o Tribunal Penal Internacional.
1998 - Biologists report in the journal Science how they sequenced the genome of the bacterium that causes syphilis, Treponema pallidum.
1999 - Desaparece o avião pilotado por John Kennedy Jr., quando viajava para a Ilha de Martha's Vineyard (Massachusets) desde Nova York, em companhia de sua esposa Carolyn Bessette e de sua cunhada Lauren. Os três cadáveres foram achados cinco dias depois no mar, a 12 quilômetros de seu destino.
2000 - O presidente mexicano eleito, Vicente Fox, nomeia sua "equipe de transição", com 20 membros, para assegurar uma transferência de poderes sem sobressaltos.
2000 - A Alemanha assina em Berlim um acordo com vários países do Leste europeu e o Conselho Nacional judeu, pelo qual se compromete a indenizar entre sete e 12 milhões de prisioneiros do nazismo.
2001 - Os chanceleres do Mercosul, Chile e Comunidade Andina de Nações assinam a Declaração de Paz, espaço de cooperação política e de integração econômica entre os blocos.
2001 - Katharine Graham, dies (b. 1917). Washington Post publisher.
2003 - Hans Abich, dies. German tv producer
2003 - Antje walrus, long-time mascot of German tv station NDR dies
2003 - Rosalyn Tureck, dies. American pianist and harpsichordist
2003 - Dr. David Kelly,dies. UN weapons inspector
2004 - Pat Roach, dies. Wrestler and actor

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On this day in History - Jul 16

0622 - Beginning of the Islamic calendar. Mahomet began his flight from Mecca to Medina (Hegira).
1054 - Excommunication of Michael Cerularius, Patriarch of Constantinople / Um representante do Papa deposita na catedral de Santa Sofia, uma Bula de excomunhão contra o patriarca de Constantinopla. É a oficialização da ruptura entre a Igreja romana e a ortodoxa, que durava à séculos.
1054 - The 'Great Schism' between the Western and Eastern churches began over rival claims of universal pre-eminence. (In 1965, 911 years later, Pope Paul VI and Patriarch Athenagoras I met to declare an end to the schism.)
1099 - Crusaders herd the Jews of Jerusalem into a synagogue & set it afire
1212 - Battle of Las Navas de Tolosa: Alfonso VIII, King of Castile and other christian forces, defeats the Moors / Forças de todos os reinos cristãos ibéricos, dirigidos pelos reis Afonso VIII de Castela, Sancho VII de Navarra e Pedro II de Aragão, derrotam o rei mouro de Granada na Batalha de Navas de Tolosa.
1216 - Death of Pope Innocent III.
1342 - Death of Charles I, King of Hungary
1377 - Ricardo II é coroado Rei de Inglaterra, sucedendo ao avô Eduardo III
1394 - O rei Carlos VI, o Louco, ordena a expulsão dos Judeus de França.
1429 - Coronation of Charles VII of France, at Rheims
1439 - In 1439, a petition from Commons requested to be excused from kissing the king because of the Plague. Thus England banned kissing to try and prevent spread of disease and pestilence
1465 - Battle of Montlhéry - League of the Public Weal combats Louis XI, King of France. Both armies fled the battlefield ("Traditionnellement, cette bataille a été considérée comme indécise,
tant sur le plan tactique que pour ce qui concerne l'issue de la guerre civile " in La Bataille de Montlhéry par Michel Rimboud )
1486 - Andrea del Sarto, was born (d. 1530). Italian painter.
1493 - Caterina, mother of Leonardo da Vinci, old and sick arrives in Milan to live with him. She would die shortly after.
1498 - Legation of Machiavelli to Caterina Sforza the Countess of Imola and Forti
1548 - La Paz, Bolivia is founded
1519 - The Leipzig Disputation - Public debate between Martin Luther (1483-1546) & theologist John Eck
1546 - Anne Askew is burnt in England for denying doctrine of transubstantiation.
1557 - Morre Ana de Cleves, quarta rainha consorte de Henrique VIII de Inglaterra
1590 - Morre Frei Bartolomeu dos Mártires, Arcebispo de Braga (n. 1514)
1647 - Masaniello, dies (b. 1622). Italian rebel.
1691 - François-Michel le Tellier, Marquis de Louvois, dies (b. 1641). French war minister
1704 - John Kay was born. English machinist, invented flying shuttle
1723 - Sir Joshua Reynolds was born in Plympton, Devonshire (d. 23 Feb 1792). English portrait painter (Simplicity) The Pre-Raphaleites called him "Sir Sloshua." ( Lady Sarah Bunbury Sacrificing to the Graces, 1765, Ladies Adorning a Term of Hymen, 1773, oil on canvas, Tate Gallery, London; Simplicity Dawson)

1728 - Henri Moreau was born. French composer.
1730 - Elijah Fenton dies in Easthampstead, Berkshire (d. 1683). English poet ( Poems on
Several Occasions - 1717 ) and translator.
1746 - Giuseppe Piazzi was born (d. 1826). Italian astronomer . He discovered, on 1st January 1801, in Palermo, the first and largest asteroid (Ceres)
1769 - Spanish Franciscan missionary Father Junipero Serra founds Mission San Diego de Alcalá, the first mission in California, the first permanent Spanish settlement on America's westcoast.
1770 - Francis Cotes, dies. English painter.

1774 - Russia and the Ottoman Empire signed the treaty of Kuchuk-Kainardji, ending their six-year war.
1779 - American Revolutionary War: United States forces led by General Anthony Wayne capture Stony Point, New York from British troops.
1782 - First performance of Mozart's opera The Abduction from the Seraglio, in Vienna.
The reaction was mixed. Mostly it went over well, but there was a loud group of naysayers in the upper gallery. And Emperor Joseph the Second of Austria would later issue his own gentle criticism.
1783 - Grants of land in Canada to American loyalists announced.
1790 - The signing of the Residence Bill establishes a site along the Potomac River as the District of Columbia (seat of government) of the United States (see Washington, DC).
1796 - Jean-Baptiste Camille Corot, was born (d. 1875). French painter. His large, grandiose paintings contrasted with the work of the Impressionists. His work included "Madame Corot" (1833-1835) and "Interrupted Reading" (1870-1873).
1821 - Mary Baker Eddy, was born (d. 1910). American religious leader. Founder of the Christian Science Church.
1823 - Lord Byron (1788-1824) sai de Génova em direcção à Grécia, enquanto agente da Comissão Grega de Londres.
1834 - Franz Adolf Lüderitz, was born (d. 1886). Salesman and politician.
1848 - Jons Jakob Berzelius, dies. Chemist.
1861 - First major battle of the Civil War - Bull Run.
1862 - American Civil War: David G. Farragut becomes the first United States Navy rear admiral.
1862 - Ida B. Wells, was born (d. 1931). American journalist and anti-lynching crusader 1863 - Howard E. Smith, American church organist and composer of the melody to the popular hymn, 'Love Lifted Me.'
1867 - A patent for ready-mixed paint was granted to D.R. Averill, of Newberg, Ohio.
1872 - Roald Amundsen, was born in Borge (d. 1928). Norwegian explorer. He was the first to reach the South Pole by land and navigated the Northwest Passage.
1880 - First woman licensed to practice medicine in Canada - Dr. Emily Howard Stowe.
1882 - Mary Todd Lincoln, dies (b. 1818). First Lady of the United States.
1888 - Percy Kilbride, was born (cd. 1964). American actor ( Pa Kettle)
1888 - Frits Zernike, was born (d. 1966). Dutch physicist, Nobel Prize laureate.
1889 - "Shoeless" Joe Jackson, was born (d. 1951). American baseball player.
1889 - Larry Semon, was born (d. 1928). Film comedian.
1890 - Gottfried Keller, dies in Zurich, three days short of his
birthdate.
1896 - Trygve Lie, was born (d. 1968). First United Nations Secretary General.
1902 - Georg Schwarz, was born in Nürtingen (d. 1991). German writer.
1903 - Carmen Lombardo, was born (d. 1971). Canadian singer, saxophonist, composer, and arranger.

1904 - Goffredo Petrassi was born. Italian composer.

1906 - Vincent Sherman was born in Vienna. Film director.
1907 - Barbara Stanwyck (born Ruby Stevens), (Dynasty II, Big Valley, Thorn Birds)
1907 - Orville Redenbacher was born. Popcorn king (Orville Redenbacher's Gourmet)
1907 - Dr. Frances Horwich, American television personality (d. 2001)
1907 - Barbara Stanwyck [ Ruby Stevens], was born. American actress d. 1990
1911 - Ginger Rogers [Virginia Katherine McNath], was born (d. 1995). American Academy Award-winning actress and dancer who appeared in several romantic comedies with her dancing partner Fred Astaire .

1911 - Nascimento de Paulo Gracindo. Grande actor brasileiro.
1913 - Peter van Eyck, was born (d. 1969). Actor.
1914 - Hellenic Holocaust: According to the German Consul Kuchhoff: "The entire Greek population of Sinope and the coastal region of the county of Kastanome has been exiled. Exile and extermination in Turkish are the same, for whoever is not murdered, will die from hunger or illness."
1915 - Henry James becomes a British citizen to dramatize his commitment to England and the Allied cause, explaining: "I have testified to my long attachment here in the only way I could-though I certainly shouldn't have done it . . . if the U.S.A. had done a little more for me."
1915 - Barnard Hughes was born.
1918 -Russia's Czar Nicholas II and his family were executed by the Bolsheviks. / Revolução Russa: Em Iekaterimburgo, bolcheviques executam o czar Nicolau II da Rússia e sua família.
1918 - Russian Revolution: At Ekaterinburg, Bolsheviks execute Czar Nicholas II of Russia and his family.
1919 - Choi Kyuha, was born. President of South Korea
1924 - Bess Myerson, was born. Miss America (1945) and television personality
1925 - Cal Tjader, was born (d. 1982). Musician.

1925 - Trinidad Rosa Quintana Muñoz de Kogan (Rosita Quintana) was born. Argentine actress.

1926 - Irwin Rose, was born. American biologist, recipient of the Nobel Prize in Chemistry
1927 - Mindy Carson was born in New York City, New York. American singer .

1927 - Augusto Sandino began a 5-year war against the US occupation of Nicaragua.

1930 - Emperor Haile Selassie of Ethiopia signs the first constitution of Ethiopia.
1931 - Missionary C.T. Studd, one of the famous "Cambridge Seven" and [missionary] to China, India, and Africa, dies.
1932 - Richard L. Thornburgh (also known as Dick Thornburgh) was born in Pittsburgh, Allegheny County, Pa. U.S. District Attorney for the Western District of Pennsylvania (1969-75); Governor of Pennsylvania, (1979-87). U.S. Attorney General, 1988-91.
1935 - Arnold Adoff is born in New York. He will become well-known as a poet and anthologist, especially of titles that celebrate African-American heritage. In 1988 he was awarded, for the body of his work, the National Council of Teachers of English Award for Excellence in Poetry for Children.
1935 - The first parking meters were installed in Oklahoma City.
1939 - William Bell [William Yarborough] was born in Memphis, TN. A principal architect of the Stax-Volt sound, singer/composer William Bell remains best known for his classic "You Don't Miss Your Water," one of the quintessential soul records to emerge from the Memphis scene. In 1988 Bell was inducted into the Georgia Music Hall of Fame; that same year receiving the Rhythm & Blues Foundation's R&B Pioneer Award.
1939 - Corin Redgrave was born. Actor.
1942 - Margaret Court was born. Former tennis player
1942 - Holocaust: On order from the Vichy France government headed by Pierre Laval, French police officers round-up 13,000-20,000 Jews and imprison them in the Winter Velodrome.

1944 - Soviet troops occupy Vilna, Lithuania, in their drive towards Germany.
1945 - The United States exploded its first experimental atomic bomb, called Fat Boy, in the desert of Alamogordo, New Mexico.
1945 - Manhattan Project: The Atomic Age begins when the United States successfully detonates a plutonium-based test nuclear weapon at the Trinity site near Alamogordo, New Mexico.
1946 - Ron Yary was born. American football player Pro Football Hall of Famer
1947 - Assata Shakur, was born. Black Panther Party member
1948 - Rubén Blades, was born. Panamanian actor, musician, and politician
1948 - Pinchas Zukerman, was born in Telaviv. Israeli violinist and conductor.
1949 - Ibvanov Vyacheslav Ivanovich die sin Rome. The leading poet of the Russian Symbolist movement, philosopher and classical scholar . His most important poetical achievement is
Cor Ardens (1911); he also published translations of Sappho and Aeschylus
1951 - The novel Catcher in the Rye by J. D. Salinger is published.
1951 - King Leopold III of Belgium abdicates.
1952 - Stewart Copeland, was born. American musician
1953 - Hilaire Belloc, dies at his home in Shipley, Sussex. French writer and journalist

1953 - Mickey Rourke was born. Actor.
1956 - Tony Kushner, was born. American playwright
1956 - The last Ringling Bros. Barnum and Bailey circus held its last show under the canvas tent.
1957 - United States Marine Major John Glenn flies a F8U supersonic jet from California to New York in 3 hours, 23 minutes and 8 seconds setting a new transcontinental speed record.
1958 - Michael Flatley was born. Dancer .

1958 - Morte de Nereu Ramos. Presidente do Brasil (1955-1956)
1959 - Gary Anderson, was born. American football player
1963 - Phoebe Cates, was born. American actress
1963 - Fatboy Slim, was born. English musician
1963 - Srečko Katanec, was born. Slovenian footballer and coach
1964 - Phil Hellmuth, was born. American poker player
1964 - Miguel Induráin, was born. Spanish cyclist
1964 - In accepting the Republican presidential nomination in San Francisco, Barry M. Goldwater said "extremism in the defense of liberty is no vice" and that "moderation in the pursuit of justice is no virtue.

1965 - Mount Blanc Road tunnel between France & Italy opened.
1967 - Will Ferrell was born. Actor-comedian
1968 - Barry Sanders, was born. American football player
1969 - Rain Pryor was born. Actress, singer, comedian (Rain Pryor has become a new Ambassador for the MS cause and has volunteered to support the work of the National MS Society (Note: MS = Multiple Sclerosis )
1969 - "Apollo Eleven" blasted off from Cape Kennedy on the first manned mission to the surface of the moon. The astronauts onboard were: Neil Armstrong, Edwin "Buzz" Aldrin and Michael Collins.

1969 - Morte do escritor brasileiro Adelino Magalhães
1969 - Apollo program: Apollo 11 launches off from Cape Kennedy, Florida with the goal to become the first manned space mission to land on the moon. / A missão Apollo 11 começa, com o lançamento do Centro Espacial Kennedy. Tem por objectivo colocar o primeiro homem na Lua.
1970 - State of emergency called over dock strike Home Secretary Reginald Maudling declares a state of emergency to deal with strikes at UK ports (Font: BBC).
1971 - Ed Kowalczyk was born. Rock musician (Live)
1971 - Corey Feldman, was born. American actor.

1972 - Robert Wagner e Natalie Wood casam-se novamente. Haviam-se separado em 1962.
1973 - Watergate Scandal: Former White House aide Alexander P. Butterfield informs the United States Senate committee investigating scandal that President Richard Nixon had secretly recorded potentially incriminating conversations.
1974 - Chris Pontius, was born. American skateboard enthusiast
1975 - Ana Paula Arósio, was bor. Brasilian model and actress.
1976 - Anna Smashnova, was born. Israeli tennis player.
1979 - Saddam Hussein became president of Iraq.
1979 - Iraqi President Hasan al-Bakr resigns and Saddam Hussein replaces him.
1979 - Alfred Deller, dies (b. 1912). English countertenor.
1980 - Ronald Reagan won the Republican presidential nomination at the party's convention in Detroit.
1981 - Harry Chapin, dies (b. 1942). American singer and songwriter.
1985 - Heinrich Böll, dies near Bonn (b. 21 Dec 1917). German writer of ironic novels of travails of life during and after World War II. Winner of Nobel Prize for Literature in 1972. Boll's work includes Und sagte kein einziges Wort (1953), aka Acquainted with the Night ; "The Lost Honour of Katharina Blum" (1974)
1985 - The National League won baseball's 56th All-Star Game, defeating the American League 6-1 at the Metrodome in Minneapolis. The game marked the first program to be broadcast in stereo by a TV network. NBC gets the honor.
1986 - Lawrence B. Mulloy, director of the space shuttle's solid rocket booster program at the time of the Challenger disaster, announced he was retiring from the National Aeronautics and Space Administration.
1987 - Former White House political director Lyn Nofziger was charged with violating federal ethics laws in a six-count indictment. (Nofziger was later convicted of three counts of illegally lobbying White House officials; however, those convictions were overturned by a federal appeals court.)
1987 - Great British airline ready for take off: Great British airline ready for take off. The two biggest airlines in the UK are to merge and create a carrier to compete with America's giant air corporations.
1988 - The Reverend Jesse Jackson arrived in Atlanta for the Democratic national convention, telling cheering supporters he was seeking "shared responsibility" with nominee-apparent Michael Dukakis.
1989 - Leaders of the seven major industrial democracies wrapped up their economic summit in Paris with a call for "decisive action" to fight global pollution.
1989 - Conductor Herbert von Karajan died near Salzburg, Austria, at age 81.
1989 - Herbert von Karajan, dies (b. 1908). Austrian conductor.
1990 - An earthquake measuring 7.7 on the Richter scale devastated the Philippines, killing over 1,600 people. A thousand more were missing. It was the worst earthquake in that part of the world since 1976.
1990 - Soviet President Mikhail S. Gorbachev and West German Chancellor Helmut Kohl announced that Moscow had agreed to drop its objection to a united Germany's membership in NATO.
1990 - In the Philippines, an earthquake measuring 7.7 on the Richter Scale kills over 1600.

1990 - Ukraine declared independence.
1991 - Leaders of the group of Seven nations holding their economic summit in London issued a communiqué calling for a "new spirit of cooperation" in the international community.

1991 - Robert Motherwell dies. American painter (Elegies to Spanish Rep).
1992 - Bill Clinton delivered his acceptance speech a day after winning the Democratic presidential nomination at the party's convention in New York.
1992 - To the dismay and anger of supporters, Ross Perot announced he would not run for president (however, he later changed his mind).
1992 - A train carrying 2,200 tons of New York garbage that spent three weeks winding its way through the Midwest headed home for burial in a Staten Island landfill.
1993 - The surging Mississippi River charged through a levee at West Quincy, Missouri, closing the Bayview Bridge, the only bridge across the river to Illinois for more than 200 miles.
1994 - Sweden shuts out Bulgaria 4-0, to finish 3rd in the World Cup
1994 - The planet Jupiter is hit by fragments of the Shoemaker-Levy 9 comet.
1994 - The civil war in Rwanda comes to an end.
1994 - Julian Schwinger, dies (b. 1918). American physicist, Nobel Prize laureate.
1995 - Stephen Spender, dies (b. 1909). American poet.
1995 - William Barloon and David Daliberti, the two Americans who were imprisoned in Iraq for crossing the border from Kuwait four months earlier, were released.
1996 - President Clinton told the National Governors Association he was granting states new powers to deny benefits to recipients who refuse to move from welfare to work.
1996 - Russian President Boris Yeltsin met a day late with Vice President Al Gore, easing some of the concerns about his fragile health.
1997 - Hundreds of FBI agents, some handing out photos in gay bars and hotels, blanketed south Florida in the continuing hunt for alleged prostitute-turned-serial killer Andrew Phillip Cunanan, who was suspected of gunning down designer Gianni Versace.
1997 - The Dow Jones Industrial Average gains 63.17 to close at 8,038.88, closing above 8,000 for the first time.
1998 - The US Court of Appeals for the District of Columbia refused to block Independent Counsel Kenneth Starr from calling President Clinton's Secret Service protectors before a grand jury.
1998 - John Henrik Clarke, dies (b. 195). American historian and scholar.

1998 - The US FDA approved the use of thalidomide as a treatment for leprosy.
1999 - John F. Kennedy, Jr., his wife Carolyn Bessette, and her sister Lauren, died in a plane crash near Martha's Vineyard, Massachusetts.
1999 - John F. Kennedy Jr. ( son of John F. Kennedy ) , his wife Carolyn Bessette, and her sister Lauren, died in a plane crash near Martha's Vineyard, Massachusetts.
1999 - Stanley Kubrick's final film, "Eyes Wide Shut" starring Tom Cruise and Nicole Kidman, made its debut.
1999 - Star Wars Epizode 1 is Released in the United Kingdom.
1999 - Off the coast of Martha's Vineyard, a plane piloted by John F. Kennedy Jr. crashes with his wife Carolyn Bessette Kennedy and her sister Lauren Bessette on board. All three are killed in the crash.
1999 - Star Wars Episode 1 is Released in the United Kingdom.
1999 - First game at Bears and Eagles Riverfront Stadium in Newark, New Jersey.
2000 - Families and friends of the victims of the TWA Flight 800 explosion broke ground for a new memorial on the Long Island shore not far from where the plane went down, killing all 230 people on board.
2001 - The FBI arrests Dmitry Sklyarov at a convention in Las Vegas, Nevada for violating a provision of the DMCA.

2001 - The IOC in Moscow elected Jacques Rogge (59), a Belgian surgeon, to succeed Juan Antonio Samaranch.
2002 - Simon & Garfunkel release the album Live In New York City, 1967, a live recording of their January 22, 1967 concert at Philharmonic Hall.
2002 - John Cocke, dies (b. 1925). American computer scientist.
2003 - Celia Cruz, dies in Fort Lee, NJ (b. 1924 ?5). Cuban Latin music singer

2003 - Carol Shields, dies at her home in Victoria, British Columbia (b. 1935). Canadian Pulitzer-prize winning author who wrote "The Stone Diaries" (1995) and more than 20 other books.
2003 - An Australian research team led by Graham Giles of The Cancer Council published a medical study which concluded that frequent masturbation by males may help prevent the development of prostate cancer, marking the almost complete rehabilitation of the sexual practice from a dangerous health risk to a beneficial preventative health measure.
2003 - The Corsicans reject a referendum for increased autonomy from France by a very thin majority: 50.98 percent against, and 49.02 percent for.

2003 - In Sao Tomé e Príncipe, President Fradique de Menezes was ousted in a coup led by army Maj. Fernando Pereira. The revolt changed control of the impoverished country's new oil wealth.
2004 - Millennium Park, considered the first and most ambitious architectural project in the early 21st century for Chicago, Illinois, is opened to the public by Mayor of Chicago Richard M. Daley.
2004 - Barclays Bank freezes the bank accounts of the British National Party.
2004 - In Kumbakonam, southern India, a short circuit ignited a thatched roof and raged through the Lord Krishna Middle School, killing at least 88 children and injuring more than 100.

2004 - In Thailand the 15th International AIDS Conference ended in Bangkok.
2005 - Harry Potter and the Half Blood Prince, the latest in J.K. Rowling's hugely popular Harry Potter series is published in English speaking countries.
Botswana - President's Day (2nd day)
Catholic - Feast of Our Lady of Mount Carmel

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Natação portuguesa em destaque

É com grande satisfação que neste blog pela primeira vez desde a sua existência se coloca uma notícia sobre natação. E é por motivos bem justificados.

A portuguesa Diana Gomes conquistou, esta sexta-feira, a medalha de ouro nos 200 metros bruços dos Campeonatos Europeus de juniores em natação.

Depois de ter conquistado a medalha de bronze nos 50 metros bruços, a atleta dos Bombeiros dos Estoris subiu ao posto mais alto do pódio esta sexta-feira, registando também novo recorde nacional, registando 2.29,51 minutos.

Porém não foi a única atleta portuguesa a ser medalhada. Já ontem a juntar à medalha de bronze da Diana, Tiago Venancio obtivera outra medalha esta de prata na prova dos 200 metros livres.

Hoje já depois do ouro da nadadora portuguesa, Pedro Oliveira conseguiu a medalha de prata nos 200 metros costas e Tiago Venancio obteve a sua segunda medalha nos Campeonatos desta vez de bronze nos 50 metros bruços.

Em resumo 1 medalha de ouro, 2 medalhas de prata e 2 medalhas de bronze obtidas por três atletas diferentes evidenciam um progresso assinalável da natação portuguesa.

O Campeonato está a decorrer em Budapeste, na Hungria

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Cuán tristes pasan los días!... - Rosalia de Castro

I

¡Cuán tristes pasan los días!...

¡cuán breves... cuán largos son!...
Cómo van unos despacio,
y otros con paso veloz...
Mas siempre cual vaga sombra
atropellándose en pos,
ninguno de cuantos fueron,
un débil rastro dejó.

¡Cuán negras las nubes pasan,
cuán turbio se ha vuelto el sol!
¡Era un tiempo tan hermoso!...
Mas ese tiempo pasó.
Hoy, como pálida luna
ni da vida ni calor,
ni presta aliento a las flores,
ni alegría al corazón.

¡Cuán triste se ha vuelto el mundo!
¡Ah!, por do quiera que voy
sólo amarguras contemplo,
que infunden negro pavor,
sólo llantos y gemidos
que no encuentran compasión...
¡Qué triste se ha vuelto el mundo!
¡Qué triste le encuentro yo!...

II
¡Ay, qué profunda tristeza!
¡Ay, qué terrible dolor!
¡Tendida en la negra caja
sin movimiento y sin voz,
pálida como la cera
que sus restos alumbró,
yo he visto a la pobrecita
madre de mi corazón!

Ya desde entonces no tuve
quien me prestase calor,
que el fuego que ella encendía
aterido se apagó.
Ya no tuve desde entonces
una cariñosa voz
que me dijese: ¡hija mía,
yo soy la que te parió!

¡Ay, qué profunda tristeza!
¡Ay, qué terrible dolor!...
¡Ella ha muerto y yo estoy viva!
¡Ella ha muerto y vivo yo!
Mas, ¡ay!, pájaro sin nido,
poco lo alumbrará el sol,
¡y era el pecho de mi madre
nido de mi corazón!

Rosalía de Castro (24 Feb 1837 - 15 Jul 1885)

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CANZON DE CUNA PRA ROSALIA CASTRO, MORTA Federico Garcia Lorca

¡Érguete, miña amiga,
que xa cantan os galos do día!
¡Érguete, miña amada,
porque o vento muxe, coma unha vaca!

Os arados van e vén
dende Santiago a Belén.
Dende Belén a Santiago
un anxo ven en un barco.
Un barco de prata fina
que trai a door de Galicia.
Galicia deitada e queda
transida de tristes herbas.
Herbas que cobren teu leito
e a negra fonte dos teus cabelos.
Cabelos que van ao mar
onde as nubens teñen seu nidio pombal.

¡Érguete, miña amiga,
que xa cantan os galos do día!
¡Érguete, miña amada,
porque o vento muxe, coma unha vaca!


Federico García Lorca (1898 - 1936)

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On this day in History - Jul 15

0518 - Roman Emperor Anastasius I dies
0668 - Constantine II dies at 37. Emperor of Byzantium
1024 - Death of St. Henry II, Holy Roman Emperor
1085 - Robert Guiscard, dies French adventurer.
1099 - Christian soldiers take Church of the Holy Sepulchre in Jerusalem after a difficult siege during First Crusade.
1207 - John of England expels Canterbury monks for supporting Archbishop of Canterbury Stephen Langton
1262 - Richard de Clare, 6th Earl of Hertford dies
1291 - Rudolph I of Germany, dies (b. 1218). Holy Roman Emperor
1381 - John Ball, English priest, veteran of Peasants' Revolt, dies executed in the presence of Richard II of England
1406 - William of Austria, dies. Duke of Carinthia, Styria, and Carniola
1410 - Battle of Grunwald (a.k.a. Tannenberg or Zalgiris), power of the Teutonic Knights broken by a defeat from Poles and Lithuanians
1553 - Archduke Ernest of Austria was born (d. 1595)
1571 - Shimazu Takahisa, dies (b. 1514). Japanese samurai and warlord
1573 - Inigo Jones was born (d. 1652). English architect 1573: Inigo Jones London, architect; restored St Paul's cathedral. He brought the Palladium style of Italian Renaissance architecture to England.
1606 - Rembrandt van Rijn was born in Leiden, Netherlands. (d. 1669). Dutch artist. He painted "The Anatomy Lesson or The Anatomy of Dr. Tulp," "Old Woman Cutting Her Nails" and "Night Watch." Other works include "Self Portrait Leaning Forward" (1628), "Two Studies of Saskia Asleep" (1635-1637), "Jupiter and Antiope" (1659) and "Aristotle Contemplating the Bust of Homer."
1631 - Jens Juel was born (d. 1700). Danish diplomat.
1662 - Fundação da Royal Society em Londres - Inglaterra
1685 - In England, the Duke of Monmouth is executed at Tower Hill, after he was defeated at the Battle of Sedgemore.
1704 - August Gottlieb Spangenberg was born. Founder of Moravian Church in North America
1779 - Clement Clarke Moore, was born (d. 1863). American educator, author, and poet. Author of "A Visit from St. Nicholas" ("Twas the Night Before Christmas") , founder of the General Theological Seminary in New York City,
1789 - Marquis de la Fayette, by acclamation, named colonel-general of the new National Guard of Paris.
1796 - Thomas Bulfinch, was born in Newton, Massachusetts. (d. 1796). American mythologist.
1799 - In the Egyptian village of Rosette, French Captain Pierre Bouchard finds the Rosetta Stone.
1806 - Pike expedition: Near St. Louis, Missouri, United States Army Lieutenant Zebulon Pike begins an expedition from Fort Belle Fountaine to explore the west.
1808 - Henry Edward Cardinal Manning, was born (d. 1892). English Catholic archbishop.
1812 - James Hope-Scott, was born (d. 1873). English barrister.
1814 - Edward Caswall, was born. English clergyman and hymn translator. Caswall's English versions of some hymns are still sung today. 'Jesus, The Very Thought of Thee' and 'When Morning Gilds the Skies.'
1815 - Napoléon Bonaparte surrenders from aboard HMS Bellerophon .

1817 - Sir John Fowler was born (d. 20 Nov 1898). 1st Baronet. English civil engineer who helped design and build the London Metropolitan Railway, thus pioneering the original London underground.
1837 - Nascimento de Estafânia de Hohenzollern (1837-1859), rainha de Portugal pelo seu casamento, em 1858, com D. Pedro V.
1848 - Vilfredo Pareto, was born (d. 1923). Italian economist and sociologist.
1850 - Mother Cabrini (Frances Xavier Cabrini) was born (d. 1917). Italian-born Roman Catholic saint. She was the first U.S. citizen to be made a saint.

1856 - Sir Weetman Dickinson was born (d. 1 May 1927). 1st Viscount Cowdray of Midhurst. British engineer and a developer of the Mexican petroleum industry.
1862 - American Civil War: Confederates break naval blockade of Vicksburg, Mississippi.
1865 - Alfred Charles William Northcliffe, was born. Newspaper publisher .

1868 - William Thomas Green Morton dies (b. 9 Aug 1819). American surgeon who was the first dentist to use ether (letheon) during an tooth extraction, privately on on 30 Sep 1846.

1869 - Margarine was patented by Hippolyte Mège Mouriés in Paris. He won a contest held by Emperor Napoleon III to find a suitable substitute for butter used by the French Navy.
1870 - Vladimir Dmitrievich Nabokov, was born (d. 1922). Russian publisher and politician.
1870 - Reconstruction: Georgia becomes the last of the former Confederate states to be readmitted to the Union.
1870 - Rupert's Land and the North-Western Territory are transferred to Canada, and the province of Manitoba and the North-West Territories are established from these vast territories.
1871 - Kunikida Doppo, was born (d. 1908). Japanese writer.
1877 - Nascimento de Alfredo González Flores. Presidente da Costa Rica (1914-1917).
1885 - Morte da escritora espanhola Rosalía de Castro
1886 - Nascimentp de Jacques Riviere . Escritor e editor francês.
1892 - Walter Benjamin, was born (d. 1940). German literary critic and writer.
1895 - Archie MacLaren scores County Championship record innings of 424 for Lancashire against Somerset at Taunton.
1899 - Sean F. Lemass, was born (d. 1971). Irish leader.

1900 - Thomas Francis, Jr. was born. American microbiologist and epidemiologist who isolated the viruses responsible for influenza A (1934) and influenza B (1940) and developed a polyvalent vaccine effective against both strains.
1902 - Jean Rey, was born (d. 1983). Belgian politician and President of the European Commission.

1904 - Pavel Alekseyevich Cherenkov was born [Old Style - The date 15 Jul 1904 Old Style is 28 Jul 1904 New Style](d. 6 Jan 1990). Soviet physicist who discovered Cherenkov radiation (1934), a faint blue light emitted by electrons passing through a transparent medium when their speed exceeds the speed of light in that medium. He shared the 1958 Nobel Prize for Physics with Igor Y. Tamm and Ilya M. Frank.

1911 - Edward Shackleton, was born (d. 1994). English explorer.
1912 - Francisco Lazaro, dies at 21 during the marathon of Stocholm Olympic Games (b. 1891). Portuguese runner who was the first athlet of Benfica, in Olympic Games.
1914 - Hammond Innes, was born (d. 1998). English writer(The Angry Mountain; North Star)
1914 - Vencido totalmente por las fuerzas constitucionalistas de don Venustiano Carranza, el usurpador Victoriano Huerta se ve precisado a renunciar a la Presidencia de la República. Deja encargado del gobierno al licenciado Francisco Carvajal y Gual (quien lo ejercerá de esta fecha hasta el 13 de agosto del mismo en que lo tomará don Venustiano Carranza).
1916 - In Seattle, Washington, William Boeing incorporates Pacific Aero Products (later renamed Boeing).
1918 - World War I: Second Battle of the Marne - The battle begins near the River Marne with a German attack.
1918 - Bertram N. Brockhouse, was born (d. 2003). Canadian physicist, who shared Nobel Prize for Physics in 1994 (with American physicist Clifford G. Shull) for their separate but concurrent development of neutron-scattering techniques.
1918 - The Second Battle of the Marne began during World War I. / Segunda Batalha do Marne. Os exércitos alemães, comandados pela dupla Hindenbourg - Ludendorff, tentam tomar Paris. Serão derrotados por um misto de tropas americanas, italianas e britânicas. Foi a última ofensiva alemã na frente ocidental.
1919 - Iris Murdoch, was born in Dublin (d. 1999). English writer (A Severed Head)
1919 - Morte de Emil Hermann Fischer . Químico alemão, Prémio Nobel em 1902.

1921 - Bruce Merrifield was born. American biochemist and educator who in 1984 received the Nobel Prize for Chemistry for his development of a simple and ingenious method for synthesizing chains of amino acids, or polypeptides, in any predetermined order
1922 - Leon M. Lederman, was born. American physicist who, along with Melvin Schwartz and Jack Steinberger, received Nobel Prize for Physics in 1988 their joint research and discovery (1960-62) of a new subatomic particle, the muon neutrino.

1925 - Philip Carey, was born. American actor.
1926 - Leopoldo Galtieri, was born. Argentine dictator
1926 - Driss Chraïbi, was born. Moroccan author
1927 - 89 protesters are killed by the Austrian police in Vienna. See Massacre of July 15, 1927.
1927 - Nan Clow Martin, was born. Actress
1928 - Carl Woese, was born. American microbiologist who recognized the existance of the organisms Archaea as a third domain of life, distinct from the previously recognized two domains of bacteria, and life other than bacteria
1929 - First weekly radio broadcast of Mormon Tabernacle Choir.
1930 - Jacques Derrida, was born (d. 2004). French philosopher.
1930 - Stephen Smale, was born. American mathematician who was awarded the Fields Medal in 1966 for his work in topology and dynamical systems.
1931 - Clive Cussler, was born. American author
1931 - Kid Chocolate becomes Cuba's first world boxing champion.
1933 - Julian Bream, was born. English guitarist and lutenist
1933 - Guido Crepax, was born (d. 2003). Italian comics artist.
1934 - Harrison Birtwistle, was born. English composer
1934 - Risto Jarva, was born (d. 1977). Finnish filmmaker.
1935 - Diahann Carroll, was born. American actress.
1935 - Alex Karra was born in Gary, Indiana, USA. American football player and actor
1935 - Ken Kercheval was born in Wolcottville, Indiana, USA . Actor (Dallas) .

1939 - Eugen Bleuler dies (b. 30 Apr 1857). Swiss psychiatrist, who introduced the term "schizophrenia" (1908) to describe the disorder previously known as dementia praecox
1942 - Mil Mascaras, was born. Mexican professional wrestler
1944 - Millie Jackson, was born. Rhythm-and-blues singer
1944 - Jan-Michael Vincent was born. Actor
1944 - World War II: Americans take Saipan
1945 - Peter Lewis was born. Rock singer-musician (Moby Grape) .
1945 - Nascimento, noRio de Janeiro, de Luiz Carlos Lacerda. Actor e realizador brasileiro.
1945 - Jürgen Möllemann, was bnorn (d. 2003). German politician
1946 - Muere en la ciudad de México, el ingeniero don Miguel Ángel Quevedo (n. 27 Sep 1862), a quien se le bautizó como el Apostol del Árbol, por su tesonera defensa de la riqueza forestal del país.
1946 - Linda Ronstadt, was born. American singer
1949 - Carl Bildt, was born. Swedish politician
1949 - Trevor Horn, was born. English musician
1951 - Jesse Ventura, was born. Professional wrestler and Governor of Minnesota
1952 - Terry O'Quinn was born. Actor.
1953 - Jean-Bertrand Aristide, was born. President of Haiti
1953 - John Denham, was born. British politician
1953 - John Reginald Christie executed.
1954 - First flight of the Boeing 707, the first American jet passenger airliner.
1954 - Nascimento de Mario Alberto Kempes. Jogador argentino de futebol
1956 - Ian Curtis, was born (d. 1980). British musician, singer and lyricist (Joy Division)
1956 - Barry Melrose, was born. Canadian hockey player, coach, and commentator
1956 - Marky Ramone, was born. American musician (The Ramones)
1956 - Joe Satriani was born. Rock musician
1958 - Mac Thornberry, was born. American politician
1958 - In Lebanon, 5,000 United States Marines land in the capital Beirut in order to provide military support to the pro-Western government there.
1961 - Forest Whitaker, was born. American actor
1961 - Scott Ritter, was born. UNSCOM weapons inspector in Iraq
1961 - John E. Brownlee, dies (b. 1884). Canadian politician.
1963 - Brigitte Nielsen was born. Danish actress.
1965 - Francis Cherry, dies (b. 1908). American politician.
1966 - Irène Jacob, was born. French-born Swiss actress .
1967 - Fallece el actor mexicano José Elías Moreno
1968 - Eddie Griffin, was born. American actor
1968 - Stan Kirsch, was born. American actor
1970 - Chi Cheng, was born. American musician.
1970 - Denmark beats Italy 2-0 in 1st world female soccer championship
1971 - John Dolmayan, was born. Lebanese-born drummer (System of a Down)
1973 - Brian Austin Green, was born. American actor
1974 - In Nicosia, Cyprus, Greek-sponsored nationalists launch a coup d'état, deposing President Makarios and installing Nikos Sampson as Cypriot president.
1975 - Apollo Soyuz Test Project: Apollo and Soyuz spacecraft take off for U.S.-Soviet link-up in space.
1976 - Nascimento, em Algermissen, Alemanha, de Diane Kruger (Diane Heidkrueger), estrela do cinema mundial.
1979 - U.S. President Jimmy Carter gives his famous "malaise" speech, where he characterizes the greatest threat to the country as "this crisis in the growing doubt about the meaning of our own lives and in the loss of a unity of purpose for our nation."
1979 - Morte, na Cidade do México, de Gustavo Díaz Ordaz. Presidente da República Mexicana (1964-1970).
1988 - Die Hard opens in theaters, starring Bruce Willis
1989 - Punk rock band Bad Religion releases their sixth album, No Control.
1989 - Maria Kuncewicz dies in Kazimierz Dolny, Poland. Novelist, essayist, playwright, and short-story writer. Cudzoziemka (The Stranger) is considered her best work.
1979 -Muere en la ciudad de México, don Gustavo Díaz Ordaz quien fuera Presidente de la República en el período 1964-1970.
1991 - Bert Convy, dies (b. 1933). American actor.
1992 - Hammer DeRoburt, dies (b. 1922). First President of Nauru.
1992 - A major fire consumes an entire city block in tourist destination Gatlinburg, Tennessee, destroying the Ripley's Believe It Or Not Museum and several other local businesses in the process. The block was rebuilt and re-opened in 1995.
1993 - Morte de Hugo Ballivián Rojas. Presidente da Bolívia (1951-1952)
1994 - Albert Belle of the Cleveland Indians caught with a corked bat.
1995 - Fluid Concepts & Creative Analogies: Computer Models of the Fundamental Mechanisms of Thought by Douglas Hofstadter becomes the first item sold on Amazon.com
1996 - MSNBC cable-DBS channel launched
1996 - Prince Charles and Princess Di signed divorce papers.
1996 - Hercules C-130 of the Royal Belgian Air Force carrying the Royal Netherlands Army marching band crashes on landing at Eindhoven Airport. Thirty-two people died in the flames, two people died of their injuries. Seven people sustained severe burns.
1996 - Dana Hill, dies (b. 1964). American actress.
1997 - In Miami, Florida, serial killer Andrew Phillip Cunanan guns down Gianni Versace outside his home. Suspected serial killer Andrew Phillip Cunanan, was found dead eight days later.
1997 - Gianni Versace, dies (b. 1946). Italian fashion designer. 1997: Fashion designer Gianni Versace was shot to death outside his home in Miami; the man believed to be the gunman, suspected serial killer Andrew Phillip Cunanan, was found dead eight days later.
1997 - In Serbia Slobodan Milosevic was elected president of the Yugoslav federation in a vote that opposition parties said was illegal.
1999 - Safeco Field opens in Seattle, Washington.
1999 - China declared that it had invented its own neutron bomb.
2000 - Paul Young, singer, Mike and the Mechanics, dies at 53
2002 - So-called "American Taliban" John Walker Lindh pleads guilty to supplying aid to the enemy and for the possession of explosives during the commission of a felony. Lindh agrees to serve 10 years in prison for each of the charges.
2002 - Ahmed Omar Saeed Sheikh and three other suspects convicted of murdering Wall Street Journal reporter Daniel Pearl.
2003 - AOL Time Warner disbands Netscape Communications Corporation. The Mozilla Foundation is established on the same day.
2003 - Morte do escritor chiileno Roberto Bolaño
2003 - Adi Preißler dies. German footballer.
2003 - Roberto Bolaño, dies (b. 1953). Chilean writer.
2004 - Monorail service begins in Las Vegas.
2004 - 18 - The Open Championship in golf, known in North America as the British Open, takes place in Troon, Scotland.
2004 - The BBC airs the documentary "The Secret Agent", exposing racism by members of the British National Party.
Botswana - President's Day
Brunei - Birthday of the Sultan and Yang Di-Pertuan of Brunei Darussalam
Palermo, Sicily - Festival of Santa Rosalia
Japan - Third day of Obon feast period
Saint Swithun's feast day (Anglican Church)
Saint Vladimir the Great's day (Eastern Orthodox; Roman Catholic)
Confuflux (Discordianism)

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On this day in History - Jul 14

0664 - Deusdedit of Canterbury, dies. Archbishop of Canterbury
1223 - King Philip II of France dies (b. 1165)
1223 - In France, Louis VIII becomes King of France upon the death of his father, Philip II of France.
1270 - Boniface of Savoy, Archbishop of Canterbury dies
1486 - Andrea del Sarto was born in Firenze (d. 1530). Italien painter (Florentine School).

1536 - France and Portugal sign the naval treaty of Lyons, aligning themselves against Spain.
1602 - Jules Mazarin, was born (d. 1661). French statesman - 1st Minister (1642-1661) - and cardinal.

1610 - Ferdinando II de' Medici, 5th Grand Duke of Tuscany was born (d. 24 May1670).

1634 - Pasquier Quesnel, was born (d. 1719). French Jansenist theologian.
1642 - Benjamin Thompson, was born in Quincy, Massachusetts (d. 13 Apr 1714). 1st native American poet ("New England Crisis")
1742 - Richard Bentley, dies (b. 1662). English classical scholar.
1789 - French Revolution: Citizens of Paris storm the Bastille and free seven prisoners. This event in 1789 marked the beginning of the French Revolution./ Tomada da Bastilha. A fortaleza da Bastilha é atacada e tomada pela população de Paris. A Revolução Francesa tem o seu início. O Dia Nacional da França comemora esta data
1791 - The Priestley Riots drive Joseph Priestley, a supporter of the French Revolution, out of Birmingham, England.
1798 - The Sedition Act becomes United States law making it a federal crime to write, publish, or utter false or malicious statements about the United States government.

1816 - Morre Francisco de Miranda, percursor da independência da Venezuela.
1827 - The first Roman Catholic Mass is celebrated in the Hawaiian Islands by Fathers Abraham Armand and Alexis Bachelot of France and Patrick Short of the United Kingdom, members of the Congregation of the Sacred Hearts of Jesus and Mary. It would be the foundation of the present-day Diocese of Honolulu.
1829 - Edward White Benson, was born (d. 1896). Archbishop of Canterbury.
1834 - Edmond Charles Genêt, dies (b. 1763). French ambassador to the United States during the French Revolution.

1853 - the first US World's Fair opened in New York.
1858 - Emmeline Pankhurst, was born (d. 1928). English suffragist.
1860 - Owen Wister, was born (d. 1938). American author.
1862 - Gustav Klimt, was born (d. 1918). Austrian painter and graphic artist.

1863 - Paul Walden was born (d. 24 Jan 1957). A Latvian chemist who, while teaching at Riga, discovered the Walden inversion, a reversal of stereochemical configuration that occurs in many reactions of covalent compounds (1896).

1865- The Matterhorn is conquered . A group of British climbers, headed by Edward Whymper, reached the peak of the Matterhorn ahead of the Italian Alpine team.

1867 - Alfred Nobel demonstrated dynamite for the first time at a quarry in Redhill, Surrey.
1868 - Gertrude Bell, was born (d. 1926). English archaeologist, writer, spy, and administrator.
1881 - Billy the Kid, dies, is killed by sheriff Pat Garrett (b. 1860). American outlaw.
1887 - Alfred Krupp, dies (b. 26 Apr 1812). German manufacturer of steel and armaments who was known as "The Cannon King."

1893 - O general José Santos Zelaya se proclama ditador da Nicarágua.
1903 - Irving Stone was born in San Francisco (d. 1989). American novelist (Lust for Life; Love is Eternal; The Agony and the Ecstasy ).
1904 - Anton Chekhov, dies (b. 1860). Russian playwright and short story writer.
1904 - Isaac Bashevis Singer, was born in Radzymin, Poland (d. 1991). Polish Yiddish author. His many works (Enemies, A Love Story; A Crown of Feathers; etc.) will earn him the Nobel Prize for Literature in 1978.
1910 - William Hanna, was born (d. 2001). American animator.
1912 - Northrop Frye, was born (d. 1991). Canadian literary critic
1912 - Woody Guthrie, was born (d. 1967). American folk musician ( This Land is Your Land, Hard Travelin’, Union Maid, So Long It’s Been Good to Know Yuh, Dirty Overhalls, Pretty Boy Floyd, The Sinking of the Reuben James)
1913 - Gerald Rudolph Ford, was born. 38 th President of the United States. He was the first president to have served without having been chosen in a national election.

1915 - Criação do América Futebol Clube (Natal - RN)
1916 - Natalia Ginzburg, was born (d. 1991). Writer.
1918 - Ingmar Bergman was born in Uppsala. Swedish Academy Award-winning director ( Through a Glass Darkly [1961]; The Seventh Seal, Wild Strawberries, Cries and Whispers, Fanny and Alexander)
1918 - Arthur Laurents, was born. American playwright, novelist, and director.
1919 - Lino Ventura, was born (d. 1987). Italian-born actor.
1921 - Leon Garfield, was born (d. 1996). English children's author.

1921 - Nicola Sacco and Bartolomeo Vanzetti found guilty of the murders in South Braintree, Massachusetts, on 15 April 1920, of F.A. Parmenter, paymaster of a shoe factory, and Alessandro Berardelli, the guard accompanying him, in order to secure the payroll that they were carrying. Sacco and Vanzetti, still maintaining their innocence, were executed on 23 August 1927, in spite of they have always mantained their innocence.

1921 - Sir Geoffrey Wilkinson was born. British chemist, joint recipient with Ernst Fischer of the Nobel Prize for Chemistry in 1973 for "for their pioneering work, performed independently, on the chemistry of the organometallic, so called sandwich compounds."

1923 - Nascimento de António Quadros († 1994). Membro da geração da revista «57», criada em torno Álvaro Ribeiro. Influenciado pelo existencialismo, que o fez publicar, em 1954, Introdução a uma estética existencial, a sua obra mais conhecida é Portugal Razão e Mistério, (1987).
1926 - Harry Dean Stanton, was born. American actor (Down Periscope, Never Talk to Strangers, Against the Wall, Wild at Heart, Twister, The Last Temptation of Christ, Red Dawn, Christine, Paris, Texas, Repo Man, Young Doctors in Love, Escape from New York, Private Benjamin, Death Watch, The Rose, Alien, The Godfather, Part 2, Kelly’s Heroes, Cool Hand Luke, The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn, Two-Lane Blacktop).
1927 - John Chancellor, was born (d. 1996). American television commentator.

1928 - Nancy Olson was born . Actress ( Sunset Boulevard, The Absent-Minded Professor, Son of Flubber, Snowball Express).

1931 - Robert Stephens was born (d. 12 Nov 1995). Actor (The Secret Rapture, Chaplin, The Bonfire of the Vanities, Henry V, Empire of the Sun, The Private Life of Sherlock Holmes, The Prime of Miss Jean Brodie, A Taste of Honey)

1933 - Gleichschaltung: In Germany, all political parties are outlawed except the Nazi Party.

1933 - Del (Franklin Delano) Reeves was born. Singer (Slow Hand, Be Quiet Mind, The Girl on the Billboard, Looking at the World through a Windshield, The Philadelphia Phillies; films: Second Fiddle to a Steel Guitar, Forty Acre Feud)
1938 - Jerry Rubin, was born (d. 1994). American activist.
1939 - George E. Slusser, was born. American scholar and writer
1939 - Karel Gott, was born. Czech singer.

1939 - Alfons Maria Mucha, dies (b. 24 Aug 1860). Czech Art Nouveau painter, illustrator, poster artist, and designer.

1940 - World War II: Andrew George Latta McNaughton takes command of the 7th Army Corps consisting of British, Canadian and New Zealand troops.
1941 - Maulana Karenga, was born. American author and activist.
1942 - Javier Solana, was born. Spanish European Union foreign policy chief (1995-1999).

1945 - Fundação da Academia Brasileira de Música
1946 - John Wood, was born. Australian actor.

1946 - Dr. Benjamin Spock’s Baby and Child Care was first published. This book became one of the most widely-discussed books ever published and one of the most widely sold.

1951 - In Joplin, Missouri, George Washington Carver National Monument becomes the first United States National Monument in honor of an African American.

1953 - Richard von Mises, dies (b. 19 Apr 1883). Applied mathematician, who worked on fluid mechanics, aerodynamics, aeronautics statistics and probability theory (Theory of Flight)
1954 - Jacinto Benavente, dies (b. 1866). Spanish writer, Nobel Prize in Literature, 1922 . ( La Gobernadora (1901) [The Governor's Wife], Rosas de otoño (1905) [Autumnal Roses], and particularly Señora ama ( 1908) [The Lady of the House] and La Malquerida (1913) [The Wrongly Loved]),
1958 - Iraqi Revolution: King Faisal II is assassinated at Baghdad. The monarchy is overthrown by Arab nationalists and Abdul Karim Kassem becomes the nation's new leader. / No Iraque, um Golpe de Estado organizado por oficiais do exército proclama a República, e assassina o rei Faisal II (1935-1958), e quase toda a sua família.

1958 - Independência do Senegal.

1963 - A Câmara Municipal de Lisboa cria em Portugal a primeira Biblioteca Pública para cegos
1965 - Mariner 4 flyby of Mars takes the first close-up photos of another planet.
1965 - Adlai Stevenson, dies (b. 1900). U.S. presidential candidate.
1966 - In Chicago, Illinois, Richard Speck murders eight student nurses in their dormitory.
1966 - A fire at a mental hospital in Guatemala City kills 225.

1966 - Brigitte Bardot and Gunther Sachs wedding
1967 - Eddie Mathews becomes the seventh member of the 500 home run club with a home run at Candlestick Park in San Francisco, California.
1967 - Robin Ventura, was born. Baseball player
1968 - Hank Aaron becomes the eighth member of the 500 home run club with a home run at Fulton County Stadium in Atlanta, Georgia.

1970 - Missy Gold was born in Great Falls, Montana, USA . Actress ( Little Mo, Benson, Twirl )
1971 - Chirag Bhimani, was born. Structural and Environmental Engineer
1971 - Bubba Ray Dudley, was born. Professional wrestler.

1972 - Morre o escritor mexicano Emílio Abreu Gómez.

1973 - Alley Baggett was born in Houston, Texas, USA. Model.

1975 - Taboo (Jaime Gomez) was born. Musician (Black Eyed Peas).
1977 - Victoria, Crown Princess of Sweden

1984 - New Zealand elects the Fourth Labour Government bringing in David Lange as Prime Minister of New Zealand, and thus breaking nine years of National party governance under Robert Muldoon
1984 - Philippe Wynne, dies (b. 1941). American musician.
1984 - Ernest Tidyman, dies. American writer.
1989 - The 16th James Bond movie "License to Kill" premiers .

1991 - Leaders of the Group of Seven nations began gathering in London for their annual economic summit.
1992 - A major fire consumes an entire city block in tourist destination Gatlinburg, Tennessee, destroying the "Ripley's Believe It Or Not!" Museum and several other local businesses and attractions in the process.

1993 - Morte do poeta e cantor francês Leo Ferré (n. 24 Ago 1916). (Nota pessoal : "Avec le temps", "La solitude" - duas canções inesquecíveis)
1994 - César Tovar, dies (b. 1940). Major League Baseball player.

1998 -Morre Richard McDonald, empresário norte-americano que criou a rede de restaurantes Mc Donald's, a maior do mundo.

1998 - Mário Sargedas dies in Lisbon (b. 1933). Portugueses actor. (Paraíso Perdido -1995; "Vila Faia" -1982, TV Series; Fado Corrido-1964; Retalhos da Vida de Um Médico-1962...).
1999 - Gar Samuelson, dies. Musician (Megadeth) .

2000 - The 13th International AIDS Conference comes to a close in Durban, South Africa.
2000 - William Roscoe Estep, dies (b. 1920). American Baptist historian.
2000 - George Speight, the principal instigator of the Fiji coup of 2000, was arrested with 369 of his followers and charged with treason.
2001 - The International Olympic Committee votes for Beijing to be the host of the 2008 Olympics. This is the first time that China had been bestowed this honor.
2002 - During Bastille Day celebrations, Jacques Chirac escapes an assassination attempt unscathed.
2002 - Joaquín Vidella Balaguer y Ricardo, dies (b. 01 Sep 1907). President of the Dominican Republic (1960-1962, 1966-1978, 1986-1996).

2002 - Qiqi, dies. Longest-living captive Chinese river dolphin
2003 - André Claveau, dies (b. 1911). French singer.
2003 - Tex Schramm, dies (b. 1920). American football general manager.

2004 - O guitarrista espanhol Paco de Lucía ganha o Prémio Príncipe de Astúrias.

2004 - O escritor mexicano José Emilio Pacheco ganha o Prémio Iberoamericano Pablo Neruda
France and all French dependencies - Bastille Day
Iraq - National Day
Sweden - Birthday of Victoria, Crown Princess of Sweden, an official flag day

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Benfica volta a ganhar bem na Suiça sem ser brilhante

Etoile Carouge 0 - 3 SL Benfica

Segundo jogo-treino da pré-época do Benfica 2005/2006 e segunda vitória. Desta vez frente a uma equipa suiça de escalão secundário o Benfica venceu com facilidade ficando a dever muitos golos ao resultado. Três apenas enquanto atirou por quatro vezes a bola aos ferros da baliza suiça e mais um punhado de oportunidades falhadas, principalmente na primeira parte.

Duas equipas diferentes em ambas as partes - apenas Kariaka fez o jogo todo- na primeira o futebol da equipa portuguesa foi dominador, mais envolvencia no ataque, mais troca de bola e jogo mais fluido. Cinco oportunidades flagrantes até ao 1º. golo por Mantorras após um lançamento em profundidade, isolou-se e marcou à saída do guarda-redes, aos 26'. Ao intervalo era de 0-1 o resultado.

Na segunda parte o jogo foi menos atraente, menos colectivo, mas com mais golos. O 0-2 de penalty foi concretizado por Nuno Gomes após falta sobre Hugo Roque. O 0-3 foi de Karadas em remate de fora da área de surpresa em boa jogada de mérito individual. Karadas é tosco, mas é generoso, disputa as bolas de cabeça e o Benfica precisa de ter alguém com as suas características.

Nota final de algum destaque para Hugo Roque que teve a excelente desmarcação que deu o penalty e outra jogada muito boa finalizada com um remate ao poste mais distante (a quarta bola ao poste - as restantes foram de Mantorras e Andersen na 1ª. parte e de Kariaka na 2ª.).

Reforça-se a impressão que o Benfica precisa de melhor finalização, enquanto a defesa mesmo perante adversários fracos meteu alguma "água". Teve necessidade de fazer algumas faltas ( com amarelo para Ricardo Rocha) e o Etoile esteve mesmo perto de fazer um golo aos 83' após defesa incompleta de Moreira a remate de cabeça, teve que depois fazer nova defesa bem difícil.

A arbitragem esteve muito bem segundo a nossa opinião mostrando amarelos quando devia, sem exageros. Notamos todavia um ou outro erro nos fora de jogo, mas sem gravidade.

Teste será, sem dúvida, o Benfica-Chelsea que promete encher o (ainda) Estádio da Luz, no próximo fim de semana.

Uma nota final: Não gostámos nada do equipamento apresentado pelo Benfica. Uma cor esbatida, não definida (qual era? anil pró esverdeado? ) e sem qualquer relação com a grandiosa História do clube. A evitar.

Outros jogos de preparação:

Os outros grandes também jogaram hoje: o Sporting derrotou o Torriense por 3-1 enquanto na Holanda o Porto venceu o Nec de Nijmegen por 1-0

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Exorcismo - Miguel Torga

Canto
O meu desencanto
Este cansaço
Lasso
De tudo quanto.

Esta melancolia
Penitente
De quem sente
Que luta e que porfia
Inutilmente.

Esta baça impressão
De que nada vale nada.
Esta tristeza triste
Que resiste
às razões da razão inconformada

Coimbra, 15 de Julho de 1978
Miguel Torga
in Poesia Completa
Publicações Dom Quixote

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Co Adriaanse e o FC Porto

Co Adriaanse nestes primeiros dias de treinador em Portugal tem dado a entender ser um treinador organizado e disciplinador.

Já havíamos verificado pelo AZ 67 da época passada, designadamente pela sua passagem pela Taça Uefa (onde foi afastada, no último minuto, pelo Sporting) que é um treinador que trabalha muito bem as suas equipas. O trabalho táctico e os lances ditos “de bola parada” demonstraram uma organização que não se consegue granjear em pouco tempo. Mérito do treinador.

Agora no FC Porto com jogadores individualmente muito superiores aos do AZ e com a postura que assumiu – “os jogadores são para jogar futebol com os pés e não com as orelhas” – proibindo os brincos, "piercings" e outros adereços mais típicos do “show business” do mundo da canção/moda/cinema, as expectativas de uma boa época, parecem bem justificadas.

Vamos ver se no FC Porto a “confusão” herdada da época passada e a continuação da rotação exagerada de jogadores não será um “handicap” pesado.

Para já Co Adriaanse vai ganhando “pontos”…

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On this day in History - Jul 13

0040 - Gnaeus Julius Agricola, was born (d. 93). Roman Governor of Britain.
0574 - Pope John III dies.
0939 - Pope Leo VII dies.
1024 - Emperor Henry II, dies.
1205 - Hubert Walter, dies. Archbishop of Canterbury and Justicier of England.
1491 - Príncipe Afonso de Portugal, herdeiro do rei João II
1527 - John Dee was born. English alchemist, astrologer, and mathematician who contributed greatly to the revival of interest in mathematics in England.
1558 - Battle of Gravelines: In France, Spanish forces led by Count Lamoral of Egmont defeat the French forces of Marshal Paul des Thermes at Gravelines.
1590 - Pope Clement X was born (d. 1676).
1608 - Ferdinand III was born (d. 1657). Holy Roman Emperor. He headed the so-called peace party at the Habsburg imperial court during the Thirty Years' War and ended that war in 1648 with the Peace of Westphalia.
1621 - Archduke Albert of Austria, dies (b. 1559). Governor of the Low Countries.
1643 - English Civil War: Battle of Roundway Down - In England, Lord Henry Wilmot, Earl of Rochester, commanding the Royalist forces, wins a crushing victory over the Parliamentarian Sir William Waller.
1647 - Criação da Aula de Fortificação e Arquitectura Militar, na Ribeira das Naus.
1705 - Titus Oates, dies (b. 1649). Protestant conspirator.
1755 - Edward Braddock, dies. British general.

1769 - Thomas Kelly, was born. Irish Episcopal clergyman and author of 765 hymns, including: 'Praise the Savior, Ye Who Know Him.'
1777 - Guillaume Coustou dies. French sculptor.
1787- The U.S. Congress enacts the Northwest Ordinance establishing governing rules for the Northwest Territory. It also establishes procedures for the admission of new states and limits the expansion of slavery.
1793 - Jean Paul Marat, one of the leaders of the French revolution, is murdered by Charlotte Corday.
1793 - Jean Paul Marat, dies murdered by Charlotte Corday (b.1743). French revolutionary.
1794 - Battle of the Vosges between French forces and those of Prussia and Austria
1816 - Gustav Freitag, was born (d. 1895). Writer.
1821 - Nathan Bedford Forrest, was born (d. 1877). American Confederate general and Ku Klux Klan leader.
1822 - Greek War of Independence: Greeks defeat Ottoman forces at Thermopylae.
1837 - Queen Victoria of the United Kingdom moves into the first Buckingham Palace in London and is the first British monarch to live there.
1841 - Otto Wagner was born (d. 1918). Austrian architect.
1854 - In the battle of Guaymas, Mexico, General Jose Maria Yanez stops the French invasion led by Count Gaston de Raousset Boulbon.

1859 - Sidney Webb, was born. English economist and socialist - founder of the Fabian Society.
1863 - New York Draft Riots: In New York City, opponents of conscription begin three days of rioting which will be later regarded as the worst in United States history.
1864 - John Jacob Astor IV, was born (d. 1912). American entrepreneur.
1878 - Treaty of Berlin: The European powers redraw the map of the Balkans. Serbia and Montenegro become completely independent of the Ottoman empire.
1893 - Morte de Joaquim de Seabra Pessoa. Pai do poeta português Fernando Pessoa.
1894 - Isaac Babel, was born (d. 1940). Ukrainian writer.
1896 - Friedrich August Kekulé von Stradonitz,dies (b. 1829). German organic chemist.
1898 - Guglielmo Marconi patenta la radio
1900 - George Lewis, was born. American jazz musician (d. 1969)
1900 - Boxer Rebellion: In China, Tientsin is retaken by European Allies from the rebelling Boxers.
1908 - 4th modern Olympic games opens in London. Women compete in modern Olympics for the first time.
1909 - Gold discovered near Cochrane, Ontario.
1913 - Dave Garroway, was born (d. 1982). American television host.
1914 - Sam Hanksauto was born (d. 27 Jun 1994). Car racer: Indianapolis 500 winner [1957: 135.601 mph]
1918 - Alberto Ascari, was born (d. 1955). Italian race car driver.
1918 - Sebastião Carvalho Leme, was born. Brasilian photographer.
1919 - The British airship R-34 lands in Norfolk, England, completing the first airship return journey across the Atlantic in 182 hours of flight.
1921 - Ernest Gold, was born (d. 1999). Film score composer.
1921 - Gabriel Lippmann, dies. French physicist Nobel Prize for Phisic de Física in 1908.
1924 - Carlo Bergonzi, was born. Italian tenor
1927 - Simone Veil, was born. French politician
1928 - Bob Crane, was born (d. 1978). American actor.
1928 - Mace Neufeld, was born. Film producer
1929 - Alan Civil, was born (d. 1989). English French horn player.
1930 - The first FIFA World Cup begins in Uruguay.
1933 - David Malcolm Storey, was born. Writer
1934 - Wole Soyinka, was born. Nigerian writer
1934 - Aleksei Yeliseyev, was born. Cosmonaut
1935 - Jack Kemp, was born. American football player and Vice Presidential candidate
1936 - Albert Ayler, was born (d. 1970). Jazz Musician.
1936 - A heat wave strikes the Midwestern United States. The all-time highest temperatures for the states of Wisconsin, Michigan, and Indiana are all recorded on this date.
1940 - Patrick Stewart, was born. English actor .
1941 - Robert Forster, was born. American actor
1941 - World War II: Montenegrins start the first popular uprising in Europe against the Axis Powers on 13 of July.
1942 - World War II: German U-Boats sink three more merchant ships in Gulf of St. Lawrence.
1942 - Harrison Ford, was born in Chicago, Illinois. American actor (Presumed Innocent, Star Wars, Indiana Jones, Apocalypse Now, American Graffiti, Sabrina, etc.)
1942 - Roger McGuinn, was born. American musician.
1943 - Greatest tank battle in history ended with Russia's defeat of Germany at Kursk. Almost 6,000 tanks took part and 2,900 were lost by Germany.
1944 - Ernő Rubik, was born. Hungarian inventor (Rubik's cube), sculptor, and architect
1946 - Cheech Marin, was born.American actor and comedian
1946 - Alfred Stieglitz, dies (b. 1864). American photographer.
1946 - Nascimento, em Ponte Preta, de João Bosco, cantor e compositor da MPB (música popular brasileira).
1949 - Pope Pius XII excommunicates communist catholics
1951 - Arnold Schoenberg, dies (b. 1874). Austrian composer.
1953 - Johnny Clegg, was born. South African composer and musician
1954 - Sezen Aksu, was born. Turkish singer and songwriter, Eurovision Song Contest winner
1954 - Frida Kahlo, dies (b. 1907). Mexican painter.

1955 - Ruth Ellis hanged for killing lover - Convicted murderer Ruth Ellis is hanged at Holloway Prison, London.
1956 - Michael Spinks was born. International Boxing Hall of Famer, Olympic gold medal-winning boxer [1976]; champion: light heavyweight, heavyweight; total bouts: 33, won: 32, lost: 1, KOs: 21
1957 - Cameron Crowe, was born. American film director and writer
1962 - Rhonda Vincent, was born. Bluegrass singer
1963 - Neal Foulds, was born. English snooker player.
1965 - J. K. Rowling was born. English writer.
1965 - Morte de Laureano Eleuterio Gómez Castro. Presidente da Colômbia (1950-1953).
1966 - Gerald Levert, was born. Singer
1966 - At Old Trafford, in Manchester, Portugal beat Hungary for the first round of 1966 -Football World Championship , Group 3, Portugal:Hungary 3:1 (1:0). José Augusto 2 , Torres and Ferenc Bene were the scorers / Portugal vence a Hungria por 3-1 (com 1-0 ao intervalo) na primeira ronda da fase final do Campeonato do Mundo de Futebol na Inglaterra,em jogo disputado em Manchester perante 37.000 pessoas.
1967 - Tom Simpson, dies (exhaustion) (b. 1937). British cyclist.

1969 - Joaquim Agostinho venceu a etapa La Grande Motte –Revel da Volta à França. Pela primeira vez um ciclista português ganhava duas etapas do Tour, abrindo caminho à maior proeza de sempre até então um oitavo lugar na classificação geral da mais importante prova velocipédica do mundo.
1970 - Leslie Groves, membro do Exército dos Estados Unidos que observou a construção do Pentágono e o principal líder militar do Projecto Manhattan.
1970 - Barry Pinches, was born. English snooker player .

1971 - Death for Moroccan rebel leaders . Ten army officers involved in an aborted coup in Morocco have been executed.
1972 - The United States Democratic Party nominates George McGovern for president at its convention in Miami Beach, Florida but, because of an impassioned platform dispute, McGovern does not give his acceptance speech until the early morning hours of the 14th.
1973 - Hector de Campora resigns as President of Argentina
1973 - Alexander Butterfield reveals the existence of the Nixon tapes to the special Senate committee investigating the Watergate break in.
1974 - Jarno Trulli, was born. Formula 1 racer.
1974 - Patrick Blackett, dies (b. 1897). English physicist, Nobel Prize laureate.
1977 - The New York City Blackout of 1977 lasts for 25 hours and results in looting and other disorder.
1977 - Morte do físico português Mário Augusto da Silva
1978 - Ford Motor Company President Lee Iacocca is fired by chairman Henry Ford II, ending a long dispute between the men.
1980 - Seretse Khama, dies (b. 1921). First President of Botswana.
1982 - Montreal hosts the first baseball All-Star Game outside the United States.
1983 - Gabrielle Roy, dies (b. 1909). Canadian author.
1984 - Sergei Bubka of U.S.S.R. pole vaults a record 5.89 m
1985 - The Live Aid benefit concert takes place in London and Philadelphia, as well as other venues such as Sydney and Moscow.
1988 - Final results of Mexico's recent presidential election were released, giving the victory to the candidate of the governing party, Carlos Salinas de Gortari. Opponents charged that the election had been stolen.

1993 - Davey Allison, dies (b. 1961). American race car driver.
1996 - A Garuda Indonesia Airways DC-10 crashes on take-off from Fukuoka Airport, Japan, killing 3 passengers.
1997 - Miguel Ángel Blanco, concejal del Partido Popular en Ermua (Euskadi, España), es asesinado por la banda terrorista ETA, provocando una movilización ciudadana contra el terrorismo sin precedentes en el país.
1998 - Indonésia assina o Protocolo de Kyoto.

2000 - Fiji's coup leaders released their remaining 18 captives, ending a two-month-old parliamentary hostage crisis.
2002 - A lighting strike sets off the Sour Biscuit Fire in Oregon and northern California, which had burned 499,570 acres (2,020 km2) when finally contained on September 5.
2002 - Yousuf Karsh, dies (b. 1908). Turkish-born photographer.
2003 - Compay Segundo, dies (b. 1907). Cuban folk musician ("Buena Vista Social Club")
2004 - Arthur Kane, dies (b. 1951). Musician (New York Dolls).

2005 - Space Shuttle Discovery launches in the Return to Flight program.
Mongolia - Naadam Holiday, 3rd day
Bahá'í Faith - Feast of Kálimát (Words) - First day of the seventh month of the Bahá'í Calendar
Bon Festival - Buddhist festival to honor the dead (East Japan)
Dia Mundial do Rock.

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Dordio Gomes (n. 26.07.1890 - † 12.07.1976)

click to enlarge

Em cima: "Outono" ou "Um Domingo em 1850" - Aguarela 1927 .

Em baixo: Alentejo - Óleo

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Puedo escribir los versos... - Pablo Neruda

Poema XX

Puedo escribir los versos más tristes esta noche.

Escribir, por ejemplo: «La noche está estrellada,
y tiritan, azules, los astros, a lo lejos»

El viento de la noche gira en el cielo y canta.

Puedo escribir los versos más tristes esta noche.
Yo la quise, y a veces ella también me quiso.

En noches como esta la tuve entre mis brazos.
La besé tantas veces bajo el cielo infinito.

Ella me quiso, a veces yo también la quería.
Cómo no haber amado sus grandes ojos fijos.

Puedo escribir los versos mas tristes esta noche.
Pensar que no la tengo. Sentir que la he perdido.

Oír la noche inmensa, más inmensa sin ella.
Y el verso cae al alma como al pasto el rocío.

Qué importa que mi amor no pudiera guardarla.
La noche está estrellada y ella no está conmigo.

Eso es todo. A lo lejos alguien canta. A lo lejos.
Mi alma no se contenta con haberla perdido.

Como para acercarla mi mirada la busca.
Mi corazón la busca, y ella no está conmigo.

La misma noche que hace blanquear los mismos árboles.
Nosotros, los de entonces, ya no somos los mismos.

Ya no la quiero, es cierto, pero cuánto la quise.
Mi voz buscaba el viento para tocar su oído.

De otro. Será de otro. Como antes de mis besos.
Su voz, su cuerpo claro. Sus ojos infinitos.

Ya no la quiero, es cierto, pero tal vez la quiero.
Es tan corto el amor, y es tan largo el olvido.

Porque en noches como ésta la tuve entre mis brazos,
mi alma no se contenta con haberla perdido.

Aunque éste sea el último dolor que ella me causa,
y éstos sean los últimos versos que yo lo escribo.

Pablo Neruda (n. 12 Jul 1904 ; m. 1973)

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Posso escrever os versos...101 anos do nascimento de Pablo Neruda

Poema XX

Posso escrever os versos mais tristes esta noite.

Escrever, por exemplo «A noite está estrelada,

e tiritam, azuis, os astros lá ao longe.»

O vento da noite gira no céu e canta.

Posso escrever os versos mais tristes esta noite.

Eu amei-a, e por vezes ela também me amou.

Em noites como esta tive-a eu nos meus braços.

Beijei-a tantas vezes sob o céu infinito.

Ela amou-me, por vezes eu também a amava.

Como não ter amado os seus grandes olhos fixos.

Posso escrever os versos mais tristes esta noite.

Pensar que não a tenho. Sentir que a perdi já.

Ouvir a noite imensa, mais imensa sem ela.

E o verso cai na alma como no pasto o orvalho.

Importa lá que o meu amor não pudesse guardá-la.

A noite está estrelada e ela não está comigo.

A mesma noite que faz branquejar as árvores.

Nós dois, os de então, já não somos os mesmos.

Já não a amo, é cverdade, mas tanto que eu a amei.

Esta voz buscava o vento para tocar-lhe o ouvido.

De outro. Será de outro. Como antes dos meus beijos.

A voz, o corpo claro. Os seus olhos infinitos.

Já não a amo, é verdade, mas talvez a ame ainda.

É tão curto o amor, tão longo o esquecimento.

Porque em noites como esta a tive nos meus braços,

a minha alma não se contenta com havê-la perdido.

Embora esta seja a última dor que ela me causa,

e estes sejam os últimos versos que lhe escrevo.

Pablo Neruda, traduzido para português

in "Vinte poemas de amor e uma canção inesperada"

Publicações Dom Quixote

Ver ainda neste blog Poema LXVI - Não te quero senão porque te quero...

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On this day in History - Jul 12

100 BC - Gaius Julius Caesar, was born (d. 44 BC). Roman soldier and politician.
0783 - Bertrada, dies (b. 720). Wife of Pippin III.
1394 - Ashikaga Yoshinori, was born (d. 1441). Japanese shogun.
1441 - Ashikaga Yoshinori, dies (b. 1394). Japanese shogun.
1468 - Juan del Encina, was born. Poet and composer
1536 - Erasmus, dies. Dutch writer and philosopher .
1537 - Execução de Robert Aske.

1537 - Batalha de Abancay, no Peru: as tropas de Diego Almagro vencem as de Pizarro, comandadas por Alfonso de Alvarado.
1543 - England's King Henry VIII weds Catherine Parr (6th & last wife)
1573 - Spanish forces under the Duke of Alva capture Haarlem after a seven month siege.
1648 - Johann Stadimayr dies. German composer.

1682 - Jean Picard dies (b. 21 Jul 1620). French Jesuit, active astronomer, cartographer, hydraulics engineer, Jean Picard devised a movable-wire micrometer to measure the diameters of celestial objects such as the Sun, Moon and planets.
1690 - William of Orange's army wins the Battle of the Boyne as reckoned under Gregorian calendar.
1691 - Battle of Aughrim (Aghrim) England, William III beats James II.

1712 - Richard Cromwell dies aged 85. English Lord Protector (1658-59).

1730 - Josiah Wedgwood, was born (d. 3 Jan 1795). English inventor, potter. Josiah Wedgwood began a new branch of the pottery industry in the early 1760's. This inventor placed the manufacture of stoneware on a scientific basis, and founded the potteries of North Staffordshire.
1759 - British cannon start firing on French at Quebec, from Lévis, Quebec.
1773 - Johann Joachim Quantz, dies (b. 1697). German flutist and composer.
1776 - James Cook on a new voyage of discovery .

1780 - Nasce o estadista português Mouzinho da Silveira.
1784 - Juan Mora Fernández was born. First President of Costa Rica (1824 - 1855).
1806 -The Holy Roman Empire that has existed since Christmas of 800 ends in the Confederation of the Rhine organized under French auspices. / A Confederação do Reno é criada sob a protecção de Napoleão Bonaparte, acabando de facto com o Sacro Império Romano Germânico, dominado nos últimos 300 anos pelos Habsburgos
1807 - Thomas Hawksley, weas born (d. 1893). English civil engineer.
1812 - Americans invade Canada at Windsor, Ontario.

1813 - Claude Bernard was born (d. 10 Feb 1878). French physiologist known chiefly for his discoveries concerning the role of the pancreas in digestion, the glycogenic function of the liver, and the regulation of the blood supply by the vasomotor nerves.
1817 - Henry David Thoreau, was born (d. 6 May 1862). American philosopher, essayist and poet ( "Hermit of Walden").
1819 - Charles Kingsley, was born (d. 1875). English writer
1824 - Eugène Boudin, was born (d. 08 Aug 1898). French Impressionist painter specialized in Maritime Scenes.

1834 - David Douglas dies (b. 25 Jun 1799). Scottish botanist who was one of the most successful of the great 19th century plant collectors. He established about 240 species of plants in Britain
1838 - Portugal : Revolta dos Marechais. Os marechais duques de Saldanha e da Terceira revoltam-se, tentando restabelecer a Carta Constitucional, outorgada por D. Pedro IV. Os generais marquês de Sá da Bandeira e conde do Bonfim opõem-se com as forças sob o seu comando, defendendo o regime Setembrista.

1841 - Georg Emanuel Opitz dies (b. 1775). Austrian portrait and miniature painter, watercolorist, and engraver (Dedication of a Synagogue in Alsace; Tending to the Horses ; Offizier Leibgrenadiergarde 1810)
1845 - Henrik Wergeland, dies (b. 1808). Norwegian author.
1849 - Sir William Osler, was born (d. 29 Dec 1919). Canadian physician who revolutionized the medical curriculum in North America, adapting the best of the systems he had observed in England and Germany. (The Principles and Practice of Medicine -1892)
1850 - Otto Schoetensack, was born (d. 1912). German anthropologist.

1850 - Robert Stevenson dies (b. 8 Jun 1772) Scottish civil engineer (the lighthouse at Bell Rock) .
1852 - Hipólito Yrigoyen, was born (d. 1933). President of Argentina (1916-1922 e 1928-1930)
1854 - George Eastman, was born (d. 1932). American inventor - photography pioneer. He founded the Eastman-Kodak Company, which for years held a virtual monopoly in the camera and film industry.
1855 - Edward 'Ned' Hanlan, was born (d. 1908). Rower
1861 - George Washington Carver, was born (d. 5 Jan 1943). African-American educator, scientist, chemist, inventor and botanist.

1862 - Medal of Honor authorized by the US Congress.

1863 - Albert Calmette was born in Nice (d. 1933). French doctor and bacteriologist

1868 - Stefan George, was born (d. 1933). German poet
1870 - Louis II of Monaco was born (d. 1949).

1870 - Celluloid -A U.S. patent for an improved process by which celluloid is produced was awarded to John W(esley) Hyatt, Jr., (1837 - 1920) the man considered to be the "father of the U.S. Plastics industry," and his brother, Isaiah S. Hyatt of Albany, N.Y.
1876 - Max Jacob, was born (d. 1944). French poet.
1880 - Tod Browning, was born (d. 1962). American film director.

1883 - Saul Dushman was born (d. 1954). Russian-American physical chemist, a world leader in vacuum science and technology, a GE assistant director of research and author of several standard scientific textbooks.
1884 - Amedeo Modigliani, was born (d. 1920). Italian painter and sculptor (Reclining Nude)
1886 - Jean Hersholt, was born (d. 1956). Danish film director and actor.
1892 - Bruno Schulz, was born (d. 1942). Polish writer and painter.
1892 - Harry Piel, was born (d. 1963). Actor, film director, and producer.
1892 - A hidden lake bursts out of a glacier on the side of Mont Blanc, flooding the valley below and killing around 200 villagers and holidaymakers in Saint Gervais
1895 - Kirstin Flagstad, was born († 07 Dec 1962). Norwegian soprano.
1895 - Richard Buckminster Fuller, was born (d. 1983). American architect, engineer, inventor, educator, author and philosopher, who developed the geodesic dome.
1895 - Oscar Hammerstein II, was born (d. 1960). American lyricist.
1902 - Günther Anders, was born (d. 1992). Philosopher and writer.
1904 - Deng Xiaoping, was born (d. 1997). Chinese politician and leader.
1904 - Pablo Neruda, was born (d. 1973). Chilean poet and political activist (Residence on Earth). 1971 Nobel Prize recipient.
1906 - Alfred Dreyfus found innocent in France / O capitão do estado maior francês Alfred Dreyfus, condenado em 1894 por traição, é reabilitado e reintegrado no exército. Tinha sido condenado com base em provas forjadas, e mantido na prisão de 1896 a 1899, sabendo-se que não era culpado, devido ao anti-semitismo do corpo de oficiais francês.
1908 - Milton Berle, was born (d. 2002). American actor and comedian.
1909 - Joe DeRita, was born (d. 1993). American actor and comedian.
1910 - Charles Rolls dies (b. 1877). British motorist, aviator, and automobile manufacturer who was one of the founders of the Rolls-Royce Ltd. automobile company.
1913 - Willis Eugene Lamb, Jr. was born. American physicist, 1995 Nobel Prize for Physics laureate jointly with Polikarp Kuschb "for his discoveries concerning the fine structure of the hydrogen spectrum."

1914 - Fracassa a tentativa de assassinato contra Rasputín, aventureiro russo de grande influência na corte czarista.

1916 - James Sant dies (b. 23 Apr 1880). English painter (The Children Of Major H. Barrett Of Moredon, Taunton (1909); The Schoolmaster's Daughter(1870); Sentiment ; The Russell Sisters ).
1917 - Andrew Wyeth, was born. American Contemporary Realist painter. ( Christina's World; Sheepskin )

1918 - Dragutin Lerman, dies (b. 1864). Croatian explorer.
1919 - Charles Rock dies. Actor.
1920 - Beah Richards, was born (d. 2000). American actress.
1920 - Pierre Berton, was born (d. 2004). Canadian journalist and writer.
1920 - Lithuania & USSR sign peace treaty, Lithuania becomes independent.

1920 - Na Bolívia, uma revolução derruba o presidente liberal José Gutiérrez Guerra.

1920 - The Panama Canal was formally dedicated

1921 - Ralph Herz, dies. Actor
1922 - Mark Hatfield, was born. U.S. Senator from Oregon.

1922 - Michael Ventris was born. English architect and cryptographer who in 1952 deciphered the Minoan Linear B script
1923 - Harry Lonsdale, dies. Actor.
1924 - Horacio Vásquez assume (pela 3º vez) a presidência da República Dominicana
1925 - Roger B. Smith, was born. American automobile executive
1926 - Gertrude Bell, dies (b. 1868). English archaeologist, writer, spy, and administrator.

1928 - Elias James Corey was born. American organic chemist, winner of the Nobel Prize for Chemistry in 1990 "for his development of the theory and methodology of organic synthesis".
1930 - Gordon Pinsent, was born. Canadian actor, director, and writer
1931 - Nathan Söderblom, dies (b. 1866). Swedish clergyman, Nobel Peace Prize laureate.
1932 - Otis Davis, was born. American runner.
1932 - Lambeth Bridge, London, opened by King George V of the United Kingdom
1932 - Hedley Verity establishes a first-class record by taking all ten wickets for only ten runs against Nottinghamshire on a pitch affected by a storm.
1933 - Congress passes the first federal minimum wage law in the United States: 33 cents per hour.
1933 - Donald E. Westlake, was born. American author.
1934 - Van Cliburn, was born. American concert pianist .

1934 - Ole Evinrude dies (b. 19 Apr 1877). Norwegian inventor and manufacturer of the outboard marine engine.
1935 - Alfred Dreyfus, dies (b. 1859). French military officer.
1937 - Bill Cosby, was born. American comedian and actor.
1937 - Lionel Jospin, was born. Prime Minister of France.
1937 - "Guernica" exhibited for the first time. Guernica, a Spanish town with a population of 5.000, was bombed to the ground on April 26, 1937. The event was eternalized in a painting by Pablo Picasso.

1942 - Richard Stoltzman was born in Omaha, Nebraska. Clarinetist (Tashi).

1943 - Durante a Batalha de Kursk, o maior combate de carros blindados da história, deu-se perto da aldeia russa de Prohorovka. Novecentos blindados russos defrontaram outros tantos blindados alemães.
1943 - Christine McVie, was born. Singer, musician, and songwriter (Fleetwood Mac)
1943 - The largest tank engagement ever takes place, part of the Battle of Kursk
1947 - Gareth Edwards, was born. Welsh rugby player
1948 - Richard Simmons, was born. American fitness trainer
1948 - Nusrat Fateh Ali Khan, was born (d. 1997). Sufi musician.
1949 - Douglas Hyde, dies (b. 1860). First President of Ireland.
1950 - Elsie De Wolfe, dies (b. 1865). Actress and interior decorator.
1950 - René Pleven becomes Prime Minister of France .

1957 - U.S. Surgeon General Leroy Burney, who served in the post from 1956 to 1961, issued a report on a connection smoking and lung cancer
1960 - Orlyonok, the main Young Pioneer camp of the Russian SFSR, is founded.
1960 - Congo, Chad & Central African Republic declare independence
1962 - Roger Wolfe Kahn, dies (b. 1907). American band leader.
1964 - Gaby Roslin,was born. English television presenter
1967 - Richard Herring, was born. English comedian
1967 - Four days of race riots begin in Newark, New Jersey that will claim the lives of 27 people. 1971 - Kristi Yamaguchi, was born. American figure skater.
1972 - Travis Best was born. NBA player.
1973 - The 1973 National Archives Fire destroys the entire 6th floor of the National Personnel Records Center
1973 - Nascimento de Christian Vieri. Jogador italiano de futebol.

1975 - São Tomé and Príncipe gains independence from Portugal (National Day). Manuel Pinto da Costa is the first President.
1976 - Anna Friel, was born. British actress .
1976 - Morre na cidade do Porto (onde tem uma rua com o seu nome) o pintor português (Simão) Dordio Gomes (n. 26 Jul 1890, em Arraiolos). Diplomado em Pintura Histórica pela Escola de Belas-Artes de Lisboa, em 1910-1911, Dórdio Gomes estudou em Paris nas Beaux-Arts. Em 1921 regressou a Paris para ali estudar durante cinco anos. Datam dessa época as pinturas que enviou, em 1923, à Sociedade Nacional de Belas-Artes para a Exposição dos Cinco Independentes (Casas de Malakoff e Auto-Retrato da Natureza Morta).
1977 - Brock Lesnar, was born. American professional wrestler .
1977 - Ed Holmes diies at 66. Actor (Growing Paynes, Once Upon a Tune)
1979 - The island nation of Kiribati declares independence.

1980 - O Atleta do Século - Édson Arantes do Nascimento, o Rei Pelé, foi eleito o Atleta do Século, em pesquisa mundial promovida pelo jornal francês L´Equipe.
1984 - Gareth Gates, was born. British singer.
1988 - Josh Logan dies. Film director and writer.

1990 - Russian republic president Boris N. Yeltsin shocked the 28th congress of the Soviet Communist Party by announcing he